I-Chicken Pox
Lokhu, mhlawumbe, kungenye yezifo ezingenabungozi ebuntwaneni. Njengamanje amazwe asethuthukile asevele asebenzisa umgomo wokulwa nawo. Kuyinto isifo esithathelwanayo negciwane, futhi izimpawu zayo zokuqala yizinsizwa, ubuhlungu be-back and lack of appetite. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa esikhumbeni kubonakala izindawo ezincane ezibomvu, okulandela emva kwamahora amaningana futhi ziphenduke zibe izintambo. Khona-ke ukhonyovu (uqweqwe) luyakheka, oluphela emva kwamasonto amabili. Izifo ezinjalo zezingane zihambisana nokushaywa okukhulu. Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu - awukwazi ukuvumela ingane ukuba ihlole izindawo ezihlambalayo. Ingane kufanele inikezwe ithuba lokuphuza uketshezi oluthe xaxa ukugwema ukungcola amanzi ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Isikhathi sokukhushulwa sithatha amasonto amathathu. Lesi sifo sithathelwana nabo bonke abangakaze babe nenkukhu yenkukhu. Uma uqaphela ukubonakaliswa kwesifo, ingane kufanele ihlukaniswe. Akakwazi ukuxhumana nezinye izingane aze aphiliswe ngokuphelele.
I-scarlet fever
Yisinye isibonelo sesifo esingase siphumelele emiphumeleni embi, kodwa kuyinto engavamile kakhulu manje. Kukholelwa ukuthi lesi sifo sinqotshwe yi-penicillin, kodwa lokhu akuyona ingxabano yangempela, ngoba ukunyamalala kwesifo kwaqala ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwakhe. Mhlawumbe lokhu kusho ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokuphila.
Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokubukeka okubomvu. I-scarlet fever kubantwana abancane ibangelwa yi-streptococci, ephindaphinda kakhulu emzimbeni ngokuzivikela okubuthakathaka. Izibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo ziwukukhathala, ukukhanda ikhanda, izitho zamagciwane ezivuvukala nomkhuhlane. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sithinta izingane eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyisishiyagalombili futhi siqala phakathi nesonto.
I-Meningitis
Lesi sifo kuze kube yilolu suku kubangelwa ukuphikisana okuningi emithi yesimanje. I-Meningitis ukuvuvukala kobuchopho nomgogodla. Izimpawu zakhe zibuhlungu entanyeni ngokunyakaza (hhayi njalo), ikhanda elibi kakhulu, umkhuhlane. Lesi sifo singabangelwa amagciwane, ama-virus, noma kungaba nomphumela wokushisa okukhulu. Ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kuthathelwana kakhulu, ngoba amabhaktheriya ahlala emphinjeni nasematheni futhi asakazeka ngokushesha ngamaconsi. I-Meningitis iyaphathwa, kepha kudingeka ukuxilongwa ngokushesha. Odokotela kaningi abakwazi ukuxilonga ngesifo ngesikhathi, njengoba benganaki izindaba zabazali ngokuziphatha kwengane engavamile kakhulu. Abaningi bezingane abakwazi ukuthola ukuthi i-meningitis ingabikho yini izimpawu zobuhlungu bentamo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi nokuthola lesi sifo, imiphumela engaphendukiyo ebuchosheni ingenzeka, okuholela ekuthambekeni kwengqondo ngisho nasekufeni. Uma ingane inomkhuhlane omkhulu ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4, ukulala, ukuhlanza, uyakhala ngenxa yekhanda futhi, mhlawumbe, entanyeni - zonke lezi zibonakaliso ezicacile ze-meningitis. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics kuholela ekunciphiseni ukufa okuvela kulesi sifo kusuka kumaphesenti angama-95 kuya ku-5.
Isifo sofuba
Ukusabela okungalungile kwengane emntwaneni kunciphisa abazali abaningi ukuthi ingane ngeke igule ngesifo sofuba, kodwa akusiyo. Ngisho ne-American Academy of Pediatrics inikeze ukuhlolwa okungalungile kwenqubo yokugoma. Ngesikhathi socwaningo kwafakazelwa ukuthi imiphumela yamanga ingenzeka. Umntwana angagula noma ngabe kukhona isibonakaliso esibi seMantoux.
I-Immediately Infant Death Syndrome
Izifo ezinjalo ezivamile zezingane ngokuvamile zivusa abantu abadala. Abazali abaningi bavalo lapho becabanga ukuthi ngolunye usuku bayakwazi ukubona ingane yabo ishonele esitokisini. Isayensi yezokwelapha ayitholakali imbangela yalesi simo, kodwa ososayensi abaningi bathi isizathu sokuphulwa kwesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko ngenxa yokuphela kokuphefumula. Lokhu akuphenduli umbuzo walokho okuholela ekupheleni kokuphefumula. Abanye odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungaba umphumela wokugoma ngokumelene nokukhwehlela, njengoba izifundo zibonisile ukuthi izingane ezimbili kwabangu-103 abathola lo mgomo zivele ngokuzumayo. Futhi lokhu akusona isifundo kuphela. Abachwepheshe beminyango yezingane yaseYunivesithi yaseCalifornia bashicilela imiphumela yocwaningo ngokusho ukuthi abantwana abangu-27 kwabangu-53 abathola umgomo bafe. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukubeletha kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yengane. Kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi izingane ezibelethwe ngamabele zingenakuthola kakhulu izifo, kuhlanganise nesifo sokufa kwengane ngokuzumayo.
I-Poliomyelitis
Lesi sifo sithinta namuhla inombolo encane kakhulu yezingane kunangaphambili. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka ye-1940, izinkulungwane zezingane zafa ngesifo sephoomyelitis njalo ngonyaka. Manje kukhona ukugoma okungabizi futhi okuphumelelayo okumelene nalesi sifo. Lesi sifo sinqotshwa, kepha ukwesaba kuhlala. Ukuvuthwa okwedlule kwe-poliomyelitis kubangelwa ukwenqaba kwabazali ukugoma. Ngezinye izikhathi abazali bakholelwa ukuthi asikho isizathu sokugoma ingane, ngoba lesi sifo sinqotshwe. Akunjalo. Ukugonywa kuyadingeka, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
I-Rubella
Lesi yisibonelo sokugula okuphephile kwengane, okudingayo ukwelashwa. Izimpawu zokuqala ze-rubella ziwumkhuhlane futhi zonke izibonakaliso zomkhuhlane. Ukuqhuma okubomvu kubonakala, okunyamalala ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu. Isiguli kufanele silale futhi siphuze uketshezi oluthe xaxa. Kukhona umgomo wokulwa no-rubella, okungekho okugunyazayo - lokhu kunqunywa ngabazali ngokwabo.
I-Pertussis
Lesi sifo sithathelwana kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile sidluliselwa emoyeni. Isikhathi sokukhushulwa sisuka ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezingu-14. Izimpawu - ukukhwehlela okukhulu nomkhuhlane. Kungakapheli izinsuku ezingaba yishumi emva kokugula, ukukhwehlela kwengane kuba yi-paroxysmal, ubuso bubumnyama futhi buzuza i-blue tinge. Uphawu olwengeziwe ukuhlanza.
I-Pertussis ingatheleleka kunoma yikuphi ubudala, kodwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yezingane zigula ngaphambi kokuzalwa kweminyaka emibili. Lokhu kungaba yingozi, ngisho nokubulala, ikakhulukazi ezisanda kuzalwa. Lesi sifo sithathelwana cishe ngemva kwenyanga emva kokuqala kwezimpawu zokuqala, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi isiguli sisodwa. Ayikho ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ukuphumula okwanele kanye nokwelashwa okunamandla. Kukhona umgomo olwa ne-pertussis, kodwa unikeza ukusabela okunzima, futhi abazali abaningi abaqapheli ukugoma ingane yabo.