I-gonorrhea
Isifo esithathelwanayo se-venereal, esibangelwa i-gonococci. Phakathi kwezifo ezithile ezivuthayo zendlela yokubeletha yabesifazane, ukutheleleka kwe-gonorrhea kufinyelela kwesibili.
I-Gonococci kubantu besifazane iyathinta lezo zincenye zesimiso se-genitourinary esine-epithelium eyinkimbinkimbi: i-mucosa ye-ureter, umsele womlomo wesibeletho, amathanga wezingqimba ze-bartholin, i-membrane yamangcwaba yesikhumba se-uterine, ama-tubes, ama-ovari, i-peritoneum ye-pelvis. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ebuntwaneni nangesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, i-gonorrhea nayo ingenzeka.
Umthombo wokutheleleka ngumuntu one-gonorrhea.
Izindlela zokutheleleka .
- lesi sifo sidluliselwa ikakhulukazi ngokuxhumana kocansi;
- ngokusebenzisa oxhumana nabo ngokobulili, oxhumana nabo ngomlomo;
- kakhulu kakhulu ngezindlu kusho - ngokusebenzisa izindwangu zokugeza, amathawula, izinsimbi;
- ngesikhathi sokubeletha kusuka kumama ogulayo (ukulimala kweso nesisindo samantombazane).
Kulaba besifazane, isithombe somtholampilo se-gonorrhea asiyifani futhi sincike ekuhlaleni kwendawo, ukuguliswa kwe-pathogen, iminyaka yesiguli, ukuguqula umzimba, isigaba sesifo (esiyingozi, esingapheliyo).
I-gonorrhea esheshayo efomini elibi ibonakala ngesithombe esitholakala emtholampilo: izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ubuhlungu obunzima buvela esiswini esingaphansi, futhi ukuphuma kwamagciwane kubonakala kuphuzi oluhlaza. Kukhona ubuhlungu nokuvutha uma uchama, izifiso ezivamile kuso. Kukhona ukuvuvukala kanye nama-hyperemia wezakhi zangaphandle zangaphandle.
Ifomu le-subacute le-gonorrhea lihambisana nesimo esincane, ngokuvamile kubonakala izimpawu zomtholampilo. Kule nkathi kuthwala isifo esingaqali ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili adlule. Ifomu lokuhlukumezeka libhekene nokubonakaliswa okuncane emitholampilo noma kungabonakali, kepha owesifazane une-gonococci ekuhloleni kwe-bacterioscopic ye-smear. Ngendlela evulekile ye-gonorrhea ye-baconological and bacterioscopic confirmation engekho, izimpawu azikho neze, kodwa iziguli ziwumthombo wokutheleleka.
I-gonorrhea kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ivame ukungabonakali. Kungabangela izinkinga zokukhulelwa, ukubeletha kanye ne-postpartum period, futhi kukhona nesici esiyingozi enganeni kanye nosana olusanda kuzalwa. Izinkinga ezingenzeka kumama (chorioamnionitis, subinvolution of the uterus, endometritis), ebusweni (prematurity, ephthalmia, intrauterine sepsis, ukufa). Ukuqedwa kokukhulelwa kokufakelwa kuyingozi ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukutheleleka kwesibeletho, ama-ovari, amashubhu angama-fallopian.
I-gonorrhea ebantwaneni. Indlela yokutheleleka: ezinsana, ukutheleleka kwenzeka lapho ingane idlula emgodini wokubeletha onegciwane, noma ku-utero ngokusebenzisa i-amniotic fluid, nakumama ogulayo ngenkathi unakekela ingane esanda kuzalwa. Izingane ezindala zingatheleleka ngezindlu zangasese ezabelwana ngazo noma ithawula, indwangu yokugeza, ukugeza. I-gonorrhea emantombazaneni iyanzima ngokuvuvukala kanye nama-hyperemia amakhulu amakhanda ezinambuzane ezitho zangasese, ukuphuma komzimba, ukuvuthwa okuvamile nokubuhlungu, ukushisa, ukuvutha. Ukushisa komzimba kungakhuphuka, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ukugeleza okungajwayelekile. I-gonorrhea yamantombazane inikeza izinkinga ezifanayo ezibhekwa kwabesifazane abadala. Ukwelashwa kwabafana kubonakala kungavamile ngenxa yobuningi besakhiwo sezitho zangasese.
I-Syphilis
Isifo esithathelwanayo se-venereal, esasakazwa ngokocansi.
I-agent causative yesifo yi-microorganism treponema eluhlaza. Umthombo wokutheleleka ngumuntu ogulayo.
Izindlela ezikhona zokutheleleka :
- Ubulili - okuyinhloko;
- ngokuxhumana kobungqingili, ngomlomo-ngokobulili;
- umndeni - ngokuvamile kubantwana, ngokuxhumana nomuntu siqu (uma ingane ilele nomzali ogulayo, isebenzisa izinto ezihlanzekile ezivamile). Indlela yansuku zonke yokutheleleka kubantu abadala kwenzeka ngokungavamile kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, uma ubanga, lapho ubhekene nomlenze womlomo wezindebe zomlomo kukhona ukuqhuma kwe-syphilitic ngenhlabathi emanzi;
- ochwepheshe - phakathi nokuhlolwa kweziguli ze-syphilis, eziye zishaya esikhumbeni noma embranini yomswakama ngenhlabathi enomanzi;
- i-transplacental (ngokusebenzisa i-placenta) - ezimweni lapho owesifazane okhulelwe ephethwe yi-syphilis, ikakhulukazi ifomu lesibili. Khona-ke ingane iqala ukulwa nesifo sofuba;
- I-Transfusion (engavamile kakhulu) - ngenxa yokumpontshelwa kwegazi ethathwe isiguli esinamahloni.
Umtholampilo. Kusukela ukungena kwe-pathogen emzimbeni kuze kube sezimpawu zokuqala zesifo, isilinganiso samasonto 3-4. Lena yikho okuthiwa isikhathi sokukhushulwa. I-agent ye-causative isingene emzimbeni, kodwa isiguli asinakho izikhalazo nokubonakaliswa kwesifo. Nakuba kule nkathi umuntu usuvele esenele. Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokutshala, indawo kuphela lapho i-pathogen ingena khona ibonakala izimpawu zokuqala. Lona okuthiwa i-chancre enzima. I-chancre enzima iyisici esingenasici esikhumbeni noma embranini yomswakama (ukuguguleka kwamanzi), okungajwayelekile - okujulile (isilonda ukuthi, uma uphulukisa, ushiya isibazi). I-chancre eqinile yomumo ojikelezayo noma oval, obuningi esisekelweni esicacile, emiphakathini ephakanyisiwe futhi engekho ukuvuvukala nxazonke, kungenabuhlungu, nge-surface ebushelelezi kanye nemfihlo eyisiliva ye-serous. Cishe ngesonto kamuva, lapho i-chancre isendaweni yangasese ezithombeni, ama-lymph nodes angama-inguinal ohlangothini olulodwa landa. Kuvame ukunyuka kwamazwe ngama-lymph nodes. Lesi yisikhathi esiyinhloko se-syphilis, esivela ekubukeni kwe-chancre idlala amasonto angu-6-8. Ngokuvamile abesifazane abaqapheli i-chancre ezifweni zabo zobulili ngenxa yobunzima bayo futhi baphuthelwa isiteji esiyinhloko sokuphikisa. Ngemuva kwamasonto ayisithupha kuya ku-8 emva kokuthuthukiswa kwe-chancre eqinile, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingase likhuphuke, izinhlungu zekhanda ebusuku, izinhlungu zethambo zivela. Le nkathi ye-prodromal ngalesi sikhathi i-treponema ephukile ikhula ngokuphindaphindiwe, ingene egazini nasezigulini esikhumbeni kanye nasezingxenyeni ezinamaqabunga kukhona ukuqhuma okuhlakazekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-syphilis idlulile esikhathini sesibili. I-rashes yokuqala i-roseola - encane (0.5-1 cm.) Amabala aphuzi esikhumbeni se-trunk, isisu, izitho, ezingabangeli, azifaki ngaphezu kwesikhumba futhi angafaki. Khona-ke kukhona ama-nodules (amaphepha). Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-papules akhulayo angabonakala esikhumbeni nasezingxenyeni zamangqamuzana ezitho zangasese zomzimba. I-dense, i-neostroospavitelnye, ene-millimeters ambalwa kuya ku-1 cm, enendawo emanzi, lapho kukhona khona ama-pathogens amaningi (i-treponem ephahlazekayo), ngakho isatshalaliswa kakhulu. Awubuhlungu. Ngenxa yokungqubuzana nokucasuka, lezi zinhlayiya ziyanda futhi ziphenduke ama-papules hypertrophic noma ama-condylomas aphezulu.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-venereal ze-gonorrhea kanye ne-syphilis kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zesibhedlela esikhethekile se-dermatovenerologic dispensary, ngokulandelana, ngokufundiswa kwe-MOH evunyelwe yaseRussia. Kwezinye izimo, isiguli siyaphathwa yi-venereologist ku-polyclinic. Lapho ukhetha udokotela, udokotela ucabangela ifomu lomtholampilo, ubukhulu bezinqubo, ukutholakala kwezinkinga. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ekuqedeni i-pathogen, ukubonakala okugxile kokuphendula okuvuthayo, okwandisa ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane emzimbeni. Yingakho ukuzivocavoca kuyingozi futhi kunezinkinga ezinkulu.