Ama-hernias angaphandle
Ama-hernias omzimba angaphandle angena phezulu komzimba futhi ahlanganiswe nesigqoko se-hernial, esivame ukuqukethe izicubu ezinamafutha futhi (ngokuvamile) ingxenye encane yamathumbu. Zihlanganisa: - I-hernia inguinal - ibonwe ku-groin, ngezinye izikhathi ihlela esiqwini. I-heroral hernia - yabona engxenyeni engenhla yethanga. I-hernia ye-umbilical - iya enkabayeni. I-hernia ye-Epigastric - ibona phakathi kwe-midline ngaphezu kwenkaba.
I-hernias yangaphakathi
I-hernia ye-Diaphragmatic - okuqukethwe kwesikhumba esiswini kushiya isici esihlokweni; ingafake amaphaphu futhi ibangele i-asphyxia. Nge-hernia ye-esophagus, isisu siphumelela kancane ngokuvulwa kwe-esophageal ye-diaphragm. Ama-ingiinal, ama-umbilical kanye nama-hermias aphefumula ngokuvamile avela ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa emdongeni wesisu. I-hernia e-oblique engumgogodla ivela ekulondolozeni okungavamile komgwaqo lapho amakhomikhali awela khona esikhaleni ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-embryonic. I-hernia hernia ivela endaweni lapho umthambo wesifazane, umthambo omkhulu wethanga, udlula emlonyeni wesisu esiswini. Amakhemikhali amaningi amathumbu abangwa yizici ezandisa ingcindezi ye-intra-esiswini, njenge:
- ukukhuluphala;
- ukukhwehlela noma ukucindezela;
- ukuphakamisa isisindo;
- ukukhulelwa.
Ukuphulwa komthetho kuphawulwa lapho i-loop emathunjini ikhonjiwe emasangweni omzimba futhi igazi layo livinjelwe. Ngenxa yalokhu: ukuhamba kokuqukethwe ngamathumbu kuphazamiseka; i-hernia iba buhlungu kakhulu, isiguli sinokuhlanza futhi i-colic eqinile; ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-loop yamathumbu ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-5-6 ishintsha isifo esibi futhi singasetshenziswa; ubuhlungu obukhulu buvela emgodini wesisu; kuvela ukukhubazeka kwamathumbu futhi ubuhlungu buyasuswa - lokhu kuyisignali eyingozi. Ngaphandle kwe-hernia embilical esemncane, cishe zonke izimo ze-hernias zangasese zangaphandle zidinga ukwelashwa. Amathuba okuthola kabusha ngokuphumelelayo ayanda kuziguli:
- ukukhuluphala;
- ukugwema ukuqotshwa;
- ukuyeka ukubhema ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela.
Inqubo yokuhlinza
Phakathi neminyaka yokusebenza, izinhlobonhlobo zamalungu namaplastiki kuye kwadalwa ukulungisa amaphutha odongeni lwesisu. Abahlinzayo abaningi manje sebesebenzisa ngempumelelo imishini emihle yale njongo. Ama-hernias angenangqondo kakhulu futhi ayesifazane manje asetshenziselwa ukuhlinzekwa ngamayunithi wezinsuku, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Amadoda ane-hernias avame ukubekwa amabhandeki, kodwa ayengakhululekile, angathembeki futhi afuna ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Ngakho manje abavame ukuphakanyiswa. Iningi leziguli ezine-hernia ezingelapheki zingelashwa ngokulawula ukukhishwa kwe-asidi ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo: ukuphakamisa ikhanda lombhede; ukuthatha ama-antacids noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezivimbela ukukhululwa kwe-asidi esiswini; ukunciphisa umzimba. Ama-hernias omzimba omncane naphakathi kwamantombazane ngokuvamile alala ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Amantombazane ane-hernias amaningi kufanele aphathwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Iningi le-hernias yangaphandle yodonga lwesisu lungasuswa ngokuphumelelayo. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, iningi labo lizokhula ngobukhulu. U-hernia obly inguinal inguinal, unomphela ngokushiya ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele, ungaba mkhulu kakhulu futhi unwebe kakhulu isikhala. I-hernia eyi-inguinal eqondile yalesi sikhulu ayifinyeleli. Ama-hernias omzimba wangaphandle akudingeki abe mkhulu ukuze abe nengozi yokuqedwa ngaphandle kokubulala ukwelashwa okubulalayo. Kulesi simo, ama-hernias e-femal angase aphule ukwedlula umlando wakhe.
I-Hernias yokuvulwa kwe-esophageal ye-diaphragm ingaba yinkimbinkimbi ngokuphelele. Uma i-reflux iqala ukuphazamisa isiguli, ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kwemithi kuyasebenza. Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside ku juice esiswini kungabangela ukuhluleka engxenyeni engezansi yegazi, okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya. Futhi, izinguquko ezinqandekile emkhathini we-oophagus kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zinguquko nge ukwelashwa okufanele zibuyiselwa. Okungenani abantu abangu-1 kwabangu-100 baye baba ne-hernia, okungama-70% angama-inguinal, ama-20% ayizinsikazi futhi u-10% uyakhukhumeza. I-hernia e-oblique engumgogodla ivame ukutholakala esikhathini sokususelwa ebuntwaneni kuze kube sekukhulile. Ezingamaphesenti angaba ngu-30%, kufinyelela emadolobheni, kuthinta amadoda izikhathi ezingu-20 kaningi ngaphezu kwabesifazane. Amaphesenti angu-10-20 ama-hernias angamaphesenti kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwemisipha ngokucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ukuhlukunyezwa (i-hernia eqondile). Ngokuvamile zibhekwa kubantu asebekhulile abanezintuthwane ezibuthakathaka, kodwa futhi kungenzeka nakwamadoda amancane. Ama-hernias ezinsikazi ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 ayingavamile futhi abathinta abesifazane kabili kaningi njengamadoda. Inengozi enkulu yokuthuthukiswa kwabo yilabo besifazane ababelethayo. Cishe abantu abangamaphesenti angama-30 abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 bahlushwa yi-hernia yokuvulwa kwe-esophageal ye-diaphragm.