Izimpawu ezilandelayo kubonisa ukunqotshwa kwesinye sinus (sinus):
- Ngaphambili - ephelezelwa ubuhlungu ebunzini.
- I-Sinusitis - ibangela ubuhlungu endaweni yomhlathi ophezulu namazinyo, ukukhathazeka phezu kwamahlathi.
- I-Etmoiditis - iyimbangela yobuhlungu phakathi kwamehlo futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezungeze amehlo nokulahlekelwa iphunga.
- I-sphenoiditis - ibangela ubuhlungu ezindlebeni, entanyeni nasebuhlungu obuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda.
Amacala amaningi we-sinusitis acile athuthuka ngemuva kokutheleleka kokuphefumula kwesiphetho sokuphefumula esingenhla, ngokuvamile okubangelwa amagciwane. Ukutheleleka nge-virus ngokuvamile kubangela ukuvuvukala okuncane kwe-sinus mucosa, okuxazululwa ngaphakathi kwamasonto amabili. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kukhona ukwephulwa kokuphuma kwe-mucus kusuka kwisinasana e-paranasal, okuba yindawo enhle yokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya yesibili. Kulesi sikhukhu esiphezulu ngaphakathi kwesinasi, amabhaktheriya aqala ukwanda ngokweqile, okuvame ukutholakala emaqenjini amancane (ngokuvamile iStptococcus pneumoniae noma iHaemophilus influenzae). Ngezinye izikhathi, imbangela ye-sinusitis ingaba isifo sofuba. I-sinusitis engapheli ivame ukubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kokutheleleka kanye nesakhi sofuzo. Iziguli eziphefumula nge-asthma noma i-allergenic rhinitis zivame ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwezono ze-paranasal. Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yesinathuthuka kuphendulela isenzo se-allergen (isib. Impova noma uthuli lomzimba) noma okunye okucasulayo.
Ukuthola isifo se-sinusitis akuyona into elula, ngoba izimpawu ngezindlela eziningi zihambisana nokubonakaliswa kwezifo ezivamile ezibandayo nezikhuhlane. Izinsizwa zingase ziphuthelwe ngesifo se-sinusitis, uma zingabangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma i-migraine. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe emlandweni ogcwele we-sifo kanye nedatha yokuhlola, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa okukhethekile, njengokuhlolwa kokugcina kwezono noma ukucabanga kwe-MR. I-sinusitis yisifo esivamile. Kukholelwa ukuthi u-14% wabantu babhekana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zesinusitis. Abantu abangaphezu kwezingu-85% abanomkhuhlane banokuvuvukala kwesono se-paranasal. Okuvame ukuthinteka kakhulu yizoni zama-maxillary (ezitholakala ngemuva kwethambo le-zygomatic), lilandelwa ukuvuvukala kwesono se-ethmoidal (esivela phakathi kwamehlo). Ukwelashwa kwesifo sinusitis kuqukethe umzamo wokubuyisela ukuphuma okujwayelekile kokukhishwa kwesono, ukuqeda ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa ubuhlungu.
Imithi
Yize ukuphumelela kwama-antibiotics e-sinusitis ephikisayo kusalokhu kuphikisana, odokotela abaningi basalokhu beka izidakamizwa ezibanzi, ngezinye izikhathi amasonto ambalwa. I-sinusitis elula ejwayelekile isebenza kahle ekunakekeleni okunjalo ngokuhlanganiswa nama-decongestants ekuphathweni kwemisindo noma yomlomo nokuphuza. Ama-decongestants ase-nasal akufanele asetshenziswe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezine, njengoba esongela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-withdrawal syndrome ngokunyuka kwe-edema ye-membrane yamangqamuzana, kodwa ekupheleni kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. I-inhalants iyanciphisa kahle izimpawu futhi ishukumisa ukugeleza kwezono ze-paranasal. Njengoba imbangela ye-sinusitis engapheliyo engavamile ukutheleleka, ama-antibiotics anesicelo esincane. Umgomo wokwelapha kuleli cala ukugwema ukuthintana ne-irritants (isibonelo, ukubhema ugwayi) noma izifo zokugaya nokuvimbela ukuvuvukala ngokusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-saliid sprays.
Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa
Ngendlela yokwelapha engaqondakali yezokwelapha isebenzisa ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo; Ukusebenza kuvame ukufezwa ngokufinyelela kwe-endoscopic. Iziguli eziningi zithola ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ngemuva kokungenelela. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-sinusitis, izinqubo ezilandelayo zenziwa:
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-septum yempumphu (udonga lwe-bone-cartilaginous ehlukanisa isigxobo sangasese sibe ngamashumi amabili).
- Ukususwa kwamathekithi okweqile kusuka ngaphakathi kwempumu nokudala ukuxhumana phakathi kwezono kanye nesigxobo somzimba ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle imfucumfucu ye-mucosal.
- Ukususwa kwezingosi ze-mucosa ezishisayo-ezenziwe ngezono.
- Izingane ngokuvamile zikwazi ukuxazulula inkinga ye-sinusitis ngokususa i-adenoids, lapho kwenzeka ukuvuvukala ne-edema kubangela ukuvinjelwa kwezigwegwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, sinusitis enzima ixazululwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa noma ngokulandelana kokusetshenziswa kwamanani amancane we-steroid inhalation. I-sinusitis engapheli iyanqanda kakhulu ukwelashwa, futhi ngokuhambisana nenxenye yokugula ingadinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokungabikho kokuxhumana no-allergen kanye nezixwayiso. Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala kwezono ze-paranasal kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima kakhulu, isibonelo, ukusakazwa kokutheleleka ebuchosheni noma iso kuze kube yilapho ukuvinjelwa kwemithwalo yegazi ekhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungena kokutheleleka ezinhlobonhlobo ezizungezile, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa ukuguquka kwethambo elizungeze i-sine. Isifo sosusitis (kanye nesibonelo, isifo sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba) sibhekisela ezifweni ezidinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ukwelashwa okuphelele kungenakwenzeka; isiguli kufanele sithathe izinyathelo ezilula ukunciphisa izimpawu. Iziguli eziningi ziphikisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwezixhobo ezikhethekile endlini, ukucwilisa umoya, kunciphisa kakhulu izimpawu zesifo, ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokushisa okuphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi zamasistimu e-air conditioning kusiza ukunciphisa okuqukethwe okukuyo kokugula nokunye okucasulayo. Ngokuvamile, isiguli sizizwa singcono ngokugwema ukuthintana nama-agent abangela ukusabela kwemizwa, njenge-pollens nothuli lomzimba. Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile utshwala kungenakulinganisela isiguli esinesifo esingapheliyo, ngoba utshwala lunomphumela wokushisa, okuholela ekujuleni kosizi. Abaningi abanesifo sengqondo sokugulisa isifo semvubelo, ama-sulphite nezinye izingxenye zewayini.