Ngosizo lwemithi yesimanje, izifo eziningi ezingathí sina zingelashwa futhi izifo eziningi ezingapheli zingavinjelwa, ukukhubazeka ngisho nokufa kungagwenywa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi noma imuphi umuthi ungaba nomthelela ohlangothini. Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi akuzona zonke imiphumela emibi ezingabhekwa njengendlela yokwelapha. Eziningi zazo zihlotshaniswa nezinxenye zomuthi kanye nezinqubo zesenzo salo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ukukhukhumeza nokubuthelwa kwamanzi okwenzekayo ngokuthatha imishanguzo yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukucabangela nokuhlanza kuvame ukubangelwa ama-antibiotiki othize, kanye nezinkinga zezinsizwa kanye nezinkinga zokunakekelwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa imithi yengqondo ye-psychotropic.
I- drug allergenic kanjani?
Indlela ejwayelekile yokwelashwa yile ndlela elandelayo: ukukhishwa kabusha kwesikhumba nobumnyama, ukuchiza okukhulu, ukubukeka kwe-rash ngendlela yamabala abomvu okuvelele (urticaria), ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu kanye nezindebe, ukuphefumula nokuphefumula (ukuhlasela kwe-asthma), izinkinga ngezwi nokuduma (ngokuvuvukala kwe-larynx) ukucindezeleka kwegazi eliphansi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi nokufa. Ukusabela okungajwayelekile okutholakala kwe-immuno-ukusabela okwenzekayo kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 ngemuva kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa ngesimo sobuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala okuhlangene, umkhuhlane, ukuqhuma kwesikhumba nokusebenza kabi ezinsweni nesibindi. Kodwa akuyona yonke imiphumela emibi ehlotshaniswa ne-reaction effect - ezinye zibangelwa ukwakheka kwesidakamizwa noma indlela yokwenza kwayo.
Ukuxhomeka kokubukeka kwesenzo esibhekene naso
1. Kusukela ekulungiseleleni
Isimo sesiguli sithinteka ekubunjweni kwayo, indlela yokwamukela igazi, ubude benkambo yokwelapha kanye nemvamisa yezifundo eziphindaphindiwe. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu uhlobo lokuthatha (amathebulethi, amafutha, ama-injection, infusions emangcwabeni). Isibonelo, isiphambano-ukungezwani komzimba ku-penicillin esinomjovo noma ukumnika okungahambi kahle kungabangela ukucindezeleka okunzima kakhulu kunezibhebhe;
2. Kusukela esigulini ngokwakhe
Lokhu kusebenza emlandweni we-allergenic (atopic) kanye nemithwalo yemvelo yokuzalwa. Noma kunjalo kuyadingeka ukwazi, ukuthi ezinye izifo zenza kube nzima ukubhekana nesimo esithile sokungaboni kahle kwezinye izilungiselela. Ngakho-ke ngenxa yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-mononucleosis, i-amoxicillin (moxifen, ogmanthin) idala ukuqhuma kwesikhumba, futhi uma i-AIDS iqala ukuxilonga izidakamizwa ze-sulfanilamide.
Ukusabela okubangelwa ukwelashwa okubangelwa izidakamizwa
I-Penicillin
Ama-penicillin yiqembu elibanzi lama-antibiotics onesakhiwo esifanayo. Ama-penicillin endala asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa isikhathi eside aneendlela ezifanayo kakhulu zesenzo (ukuzwela ukuzwela). Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amaqembu we-penicillin, ukuthi yini isenzo (ikakhulukazi i-cephalosporins) ayidluli ku-15%. Uma kune-cross-allerverous severe-drug allergies noma ngisho ne-anaphylactic shock, ukutholakala kwama-antibodies ku-penicillin kungabhekwa nge-test ekhethekile ye-laboratory. Kuncike ekutheni isiguli sinomthelela omkhulu wokugulisa esikhathini esedlule, kodwa sidinga isilinganiso somuthi wesibili sokulwa namabhaktheriya amaningi anqabile futhi akukho lutho olusiza ngama-antibiotic, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukunciphisa ubuzwe be-penicillin ngokungafuni.
Izidakamizwa ze-Aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
Izidakamizwa ezifanayo zemizimba zibangelwa ukukhwabanisa isikhumba, impumu egijimayo, ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kanye nokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. Abantu abahlukunyezwa yi-urticaria engapheli kanye ne-asthma bazwela kakhulu emakhambi anjalo. Ezigulini ezithinta izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini le-nonsteroidal, cishe ngokuqinisekile kuzoba nesisindo sokuthi kunamaphi amadakamizwa aphikisayo. Kungcono ukuthi abantu abanjalo bangayeki ukuthatha. Kukhona izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroid ezintsha ezivimbela ukuvuvukala eziseqembu lama-inhibitors akhethiwe. I-Paracetamol ne-optalgin ayifakiwe kuleli qembu, futhi ezimweni eziningi, ukuphathwa kwabo akunekho okuphikisanayo.
Ukwelashwa kwesiphambano kwe-iodine
Amalungiselelo amaningi e-X-ray aqukethe i-iodine, kodwa ngaphansi kwe-iodine yedatha eqinisekisiwe yedwa akuyona i-allergen. Umbono ovamile wokuthi akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo okungafani kwe-X-ray, uma i-iodine ibangela ukuqhuma kwesiguli esigulini noma uma kunesifo esingaphansi kwezilwane zasolwandle, akunasisekelo. Abanye abantu sebezizwa bephefumula ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa emva kokujola, bahlakulela ukuqhuma, ukuvuvukala kwe-larynx nokushaqeka.
Ingozi yokuhlaselwa kwabantu abaye yaba nayo esikhathini esidlule ingancishiswa. Kodwa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kufanele kuqalwe amahora angu-12 ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwezidakamizwa ngokuphambene phakathi kokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray. Kunoma imuphi umtholampilo, ungathola ukuhlaziywa kwempendulo emithini yemithi, futhi wenze ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga noma okuvusa amadlingozi ukuze uvumele izikhalazo zakho.
Ukunciphisa ukungezwani komzimba ku-anesthetics esetshenziselwa amazinyo
Kunezimo lapho i-anesthesia yendawo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwamazinyo kubangelwa ukuzondeka, ubuthakathaka, ukulahleka kokuqwashisa nokwanda kwentliziyo kwisiguli. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu akusebenzi ekuphenduleni kwemizwa, kungumphumela wokwesaba noma imiphumela yecala lomuthi. Ukuze uhlole izinsolo zakho zokungezwani komzimba ku-anesthetics, udinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuhlola. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okulandelayo kudokotela wamazinyo.
Indlela yokuqaphela ukungezwani kwemithi emithini?
Isici sokungahambi kahle kwezidakamizwa sikhula ngokushesha - nje imizuzwana embalwa emva kokungena emzimbeni womuthi. Inkinga ukuthi iziguli eziningi zithatha izidakamizwa eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukunquma ukuthi yimiphi imithi eyenza ukuthi izifo zenzeke. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuba udokotela aqonde ukuthi ngabe ukusabela kungumlutha yini. Udinga ulwazi olugcwele mayelana nemvelo yempendulo, mayelana nemithi ekhona ekhona esikhathini esedlule - wonke umlando wesifo sesiguli.
Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela yokungezwani komzimba ngokuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ngakho-ke uma uqala ukusola ukungenwa kwemithi kunconywa ukuba uthintane nomuntu ongenayo imithi. Kumelwe anqume ngokuqhubeka komuthi. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kusetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa i-allergen ngokwayo. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kungabungozi futhi kuqhutshwa kuphela esibhedlela.