Ihlobo lekwindla zakuqala yisikhathi sokuphumula nezingane. Yeka indlela okuthakazelisayo ukugibela echibini noma olwandle, ukwakha inqaba yesihlabathi, nesifiso sokudla eliphakathi kwamanzi ogwini. Kodwa uma umkhuhlane wengane uvuka ebusika, isifo sohudo siqala, sishukunyiswa ngokuhlanza, bese kubazali bakhe besaba: kwenzekani? Kuvela ukuthi amaqiniso alula ayekhohliwe futhi ukutheleleka kwamathumbu emathumbu (OCI) aqala. Iyini i-OCI? Ngamafuphi, lezi zifo ezibangelwa amabhaktheriya, amagciwane kanye neprotozoa ezingathathwa noma kuphi. Ziyini izifo ezingozi kunazo zonke zomntwana?
DIZENTERIA
Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamathumbu emathunjini kubantwana kubizwa ngokuthi yisifo sezandla ezingcolile, kodwa kungenzeka ukutheleleka ngemikhiqizo lapho i-E. coli iwile khona. Izimpukane zivame ukuba ngabaphathi be-HIV. Njengomthetho, lesi sifo siqala kahle. Ukushisa kuphakama kuya ku-38-40 0 , ukuguquka kwesitokisi: okokuqala kuvame kakhulu, kuningi, kumanzi, bese kuthiwa nge-mucus negazi. Isibonakaliso sesifo samathambo yilokho okuthiwa i-tenesmus: ingane ifuna "ukuya ekude kakhulu", kodwa akukho lutho olwenzeka kuye. Ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi enzima yesifo, ingane ayikwazi ukukhuphuka phansi ebhodweni amahora amaningi, kunezinhlungu ezinzima zokucindezeleka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlukunyezwa. Isifo esinamandla kunazo zonke senzeke ezinsaneni, ngokuvamile ukuthola umlingiswa onjenge-wave: emva kokuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo, ukubuyela emuva kuvele ngezinkinga ezinkulu zemetaboli, ukutheleleka kwesibili, isibonelo, isibindi, isibindi, njll. Kunconywa ukuphatha ingane ngengane engekho ekhaya, kepha esibhedlela .
SALMONELLOSE
Lokhu kungenye yezifo ezivame ukuvuthwa kwamathumbu emathunjini: i-salmonella inamandla kakhulu - ayamelana nokushisa, igcinwa isikhathi eside emanzini, inhlabathi, uthuli lendlu, landa ngokushesha ekudleni (inyama, umhluzi, amaqanda). Isithombe sesifo sihluke kakhulu - kakhulu kuncike eminyakeni, impilo ejwayelekile yengane, njll. Nokho, kunezibonakaliso ezijwayelekile: umkhuhlane omkhulu, njalo, izitshalo zamanzi, ulimi lwesiguli lumbozwe ngokugqoka, isibindi nesipelingi kuvame ukukhuliswa. Ingane encane, kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela lesi sifo. Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, izinkinga ezinzima zingathuthuka, ngisho nasezindabeni zokukhuluma. Ngenhlanhla, izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial yesizukulwane esisha zivumela "ukugcina" i-salmonella ngesimo esibucayi.
Izintambo ze-Staphylococcus
Futhi ezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo nasebusika ngokushesha zivame ekwakheni ama-creams, confectionery, imikhiqizo yobisi. Amabele angenwa igciwane ngisho nangobisi lomama. Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa kanye nangendlela yendlu - ngokuxhumana neziguli ezithintekile nge-pharynx, iphethri yokuphefumula noma isikhumba (ukubhoboza ukulimaza engaleni kungaba yindawo yokudlala ye-staphylococci - kwanele nje ukudlala amathoyizi afanayo). Ukutheleleka kokudla okunobuthi ngokuvamile kubonakala ngemva kwamahora angu-3-5 ngemuva kokuba ingane idle ukudla okungcolile. Izibonakaliso zokuqala ziyizinhlungu ezibuhlungu esiswini, ukuhlanza okungenakulungiswa, umkhuhlane omkhulu. Isimo ngokushesha siba nzima, kuze kufike ukubonakala kokugubha nokuphelelwa amandla. I-stool izitsha ziqala ngokushesha noma emva kwamahora ambalwa. Kodwa emva kosuku noma ezimbili, isimo sempilo siyagculiseka, futhi ekupheleni kwesonto isihlalo sijwayelekile. Kodwa ezinganeni ezincane, lesi sifo sihluke ngokuphelele, kubangela okuthiwa okuthiwa i-staphylococcal enteritis noma i-enterocolitis.
Futhi le nqubo ingahamba yedwa, kuphela emathunjini, futhi ingahlanganiswa nezinqubo zokuvuvukala kwezinye izitho. Esikhathini sokuqala, ingane ingakwazi ukubekezelela lesi sifo kalula: izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kancane, ukuhamba kwemfuyo kungasebenzi (3-4 izikhathi ngosuku), nakuba ukudla kuyancipha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuhlanza noma ukuvuselelwa. Kodwa ingozi ukuthi inqubo evuvukalayo enjalo ingadonsela phambili amasonto nezinyanga, ikakhulukazi uma ukuxilongwa kungalungile futhi akukho ukwelashwa okufanelekile okubekiwe ngesikhathi. Ngesimo esinzima sokungena kwe-staphylococcal, lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu: izinga lokushisa liyakwazi ukuphakama ngokushesha ku-40 °, kunesifo sohudo esiphuthumayo, isitulo - usuku nosuku, amanzi, ama-fetid. Ngokufanayo, ezinye izifo zokutheleleka nazo zivutha, isibonelo, i-otitis media, i-pneumonia, njalonjalo. Futhi-ke ingane iyadingeka kakhulu ekwelapheni esibhedlela.
UKOLI-UKUPHELEKILE
Abantu abaningi abazange bazizwe ngakho. Eqinisweni, leli yiqembu lezifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangela ukuthi i-E. coli i-pathogenic ikhiqize i-toxins eyingozi. Ukuthumba nokuvusa inqubo yokuvuvukala. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngenxa yokusebenzisa ubisi oluphansi nobisi namafomula ebisi. Izingane ezindala zingabamba isifo ngokugeza emanzini avulekile (iqhubeka emanzini kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-3-4). Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kukhula kancane kancane. Ukushisa angeke kwenzeke, kodwa kwezinye izingane ngokushesha kuqhuma ku-38 0 . Isibonakaliso sesimpawu sokutheleleka kwe-colic njalo, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, ubuhlungu obukhulu bomzimba, obuhlungu besisu. Isihlalo siba njalo, siba yi-liquid, amanzi, aphuzi-orange, nombala obuningi obukhulu obufana neqanda eliqoshiwe. Ngezifo ezinzima zesifo kukhona izibonakaliso zokudakwa: imfiva, kancane kakhulu - ukuvuvukala komchamo kanye ne-biliary tract nezinye izitho. Ngamafomu amancane, lesi sifo singaphelela ezinyangeni ezimbili.
INDLELA YOKUSIZA NGAYO?
Ingabe udokotela ucele ingane egulayo? Kodwa kusadingeka ulinde aze eze. Abazali kufanele bazi ukuthi ezinkingeni ezinzima zamathumbu kubantwana, ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngokushesha. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kwesimo esibucayi ukuguqulwa komzimba, okuhlotshaniswa nezihlalo ezilahla njalo nokuhlanza. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukugcwalisa lokhu okwanele ngeketshezi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingane inikezwa izixazululo ze-glucose-usawoti (isib. I-regidron), ebuyisela ukulinganisela kokusawoti kwamanzi nokuphazamisa umzimba. Umthamo woketshezi ngehora unikezwa ingane njalo imizuzu emi-5-10 yi-teaspoonful. Ungafuni ukwandisa umthamo - inani elikhulu lomkhuhlane lingabangela ukuhlaselwa okusha kokuhlanza. Ikhambi kumele lihlangane netiyi noma amanzi abilisiwe. Ukulungiselela ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zamathumbu kukhethwe udokotela kuphela. Ngendlela elula yesifo, angakwazi ukumemezela ukwemukelwa kwamacteriophages, ama-probiotics noma ama-enterosorbents, kodwa uma kungekho ukubonakala okubonakalayo kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbili, ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kuyadingeka. Ngokuyinhloko akunakwenzeka ukuba "anikeze" ama-antibiotic! Ukusetshenziswa okungalawulwa komuthi kungalimaza isimo sesiguli, kubangele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-dysbiosis, nokuphulukisa ingane kuyoba nzima nakakhulu. Ngokufana nezidakamizwa ezikhethwe udokotela ekwelapheni i-OCD, angakwazi ukunikeza okunye okunye, ngokwesibonelo, inkambo ye-vitamin therapy yokuqinisa ukuvikelwa komzimba noma ukuvotshwa kwemithi ukulungisa imisebenzi yokugaya futhi yokumangcwaba yomuthi wesisu. Ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuqhuba isifundo se-bacteriological ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ingane kumele ilandele ukudla kokudokotela okwenziwe inyanga.
Ukudla kuyaphulukiswa
Ukudla kuyinto iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezithathelwanayo emathunjini ezinganeni. Lapho uncelisa isana olugulayo, umama kufanele athole njalo, kodwa ezinxenyeni ezincane. Ngosuku lokuqala lokwelashwa, umthamo owodwa wobisi unciphisa cishe ingxenye, kanti inani lokudla liye landa izikhathi ezingu-8 ngosuku. Ngemuva kosuku lwesibili, ivolumu inganyuswa ngama-20-30 ml bese kancane kancane yandisa isikhala phakathi kokuphakelayo. Kusukela kwimenyu yezingane ezisetshenziselwa ukondla okufakelwayo, ungafaki ukuxuba ubisi namnandi, futhi ukudla okusha kuvele emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14 ngemuva kokululama. Izingane ezikhulile ngesikhathi sokugula akufanele zinikezwe ukudla okuthuthukisa umuthi wamathumbu (isinkwa esimnyama, ama-biscuits, ama-buns aphansi), ama-yoghurts, ama-porridges ebisi, izithelo zomvini, izithelo zamapheya. Izivimbelo ekudleni zivame ukufakwa esimisweni sokuzinza esitebeleni, bese ukudla kungancipha kancane kancane. Kodwa ngokucophelela - umzimba usabuthakathaka, akufanelekile ukuwulayisha ngaphezulu. Kungcono kulesi simo, ukunciphisa kancane kune-overfeeding.