Umhlangano wokuqala nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngeke ujabule kuphela, kodwa futhi kumangaze abazali abasha. Phela, akabuki njengomntwana obomvana obomvu ovela kumabhizinisi. Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngaye?
Uma ubheka i-crumb owazalwa ngamahora ambalwa adlule, umama nobaba bafuna ukufanana Njengomunye wabazali (noma kokubili ngesikhathi esisodwa), ingane yakho isesikhathi esifanayo nezingane eziningi ezisanda kuzalwa.
Izici zokubukeka
Umntwana wasebenza kanzima ngesikhathi sokuzalwa! Ngezinye izikhathi ikhanda lakhe lihlehlisiwe futhi likhubazekile, ngoba lapho sidlula emgodini wokuzalwa, umntwana uhlangabezana nokucindezeleka okukhulu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa konke kuzokwenza ngcono. Emaprotheni esweni, umuntu angavame ukubona imithwalo yegazi eqhuma - nalezi ziyimiphumela yokubeletha. Isikhumba semvuthuluka yakho ngesonto lokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa singaba ne-tinge ephuzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphazamiseka kwegazi lomntwana we-hemoglobin (uhlobo lwe-fetal hemoglobin) nokubunjwa kwe-bilirubin. I-hemoglobin yinto etholakala kumaseli abomvu egazi (i-erythrocytes). Kungenxa ngosizo lwakhe ama-molecule e-oksijini afana. Ngemuva kokuthi umntwana azalwe ekukhanyeni, indlela yokuthola ukushintsha kwe-oksijeni: manje ayiveli egazini lomama, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuphefumula. Amangqamuzana amasha wegazi abomvu egazini, i-hemoglobin ye-fetal ihlehliswa ngokubunjwa kwe-bilirubin, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwezinga laleli phrotheni egazini. Kungukuba kwakhe okuholela ekubukeni kwe-jaundice engokwenyama ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
Ngokuvamile, i-bilirubin isetshenziselwa ama-enzyme yesibindi, ikhushulwa emzimbeni, futhi i-jaundice yesikhumba idlula ngokushesha. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukufaka isicelo sokuqala kwengane esifubeni. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kunezingane ezilindile i-jaundice - lokhu kuyisignali yokuqala ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ngokutheleleka kwe-intrauterine noma ezinye izifo.
Umntwana, osesiswini somama, uhlanganiswe namafutha ajwayelekile, ahlanzwa ngemva kokubeletha. Isikhumba somntwana osanda kuzalwa soma futhi siqala ukucima. Awudingi ukwesaba, kungcono kakhulu.
Emzimbeni omncane, ungabheka izindawo ezibomvu ngezimpondo eziningi zombala obomvu. Ungakhathazeki: i-erythema yomsana ilahleka ngokuphelele ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala lokuphila komntwana. Akufanele ukuphazanyiswa ukubonakala kwezindleko - izibhamu ezincane ezimhlophe ebusweni be-crumb. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zihlobene ngokuqondile nokuhlelwa kabusha kwamahomoni okwenzeka emzimbeni wengane. Ukwelapha, nokunye okuningi ukuze uzame ukususa ama-milies akufanele, zizophela zodwa, ngaphandle kokungenelela okungeziwe. Ezinsana, umsebenzi wokushisa uhlala ungaphelele, usuke uphelele futhi ushiswe ngokushesha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala akufanelekile ukudla imvuthuluka, kodwa kungcono ukuyithukuthela kusukela esemncane.
Ukulinganisa kokuqala
Izibalo ezingeni le-Hangar, ukuphakama nesisindo semvuthu kuyimingcele esemqoka okufanele ibikwe kumama ngemva kokuzalwa. Isimo samantombazane osanda kuzalwa asungulwa ngesilinganiso se-Apgar. Idatha etholakele ivumela ukwahlulela isimo somntwana emaminithini wokuqala emva kokuzalwa. I-criteria ngayinye emihlanu - isilinganiso senhliziyo ngomzuzu, ithoni ye-muscle, umlingiswa wokuphefumula kwemvuthuluka, ukukhukhuleka komzimba, umbala wesikhumba - kuhlolwe ohlelweni lwamaphuzu amabili ngemuva kokuzalwa futhi emva kwemizuzu emihlanu. Ungakhathazeki uma i-crumb ayizange ibhale inani eliphezulu lamaphoyinti esikalini se-Apgar. Iningi lezingane "liyingxenye" ngamaphuzu angu-7 noma ngaphezulu, okubhekwa njengomphumela omuhle, kodwa amaphuzu amaphuzu amathathu futhi ngezansi abizwa ngokuthi yibucayi. "Le kid idinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ekunakekeleni okukhulu.
Akunakugxila?
Izinga eliphakeme le-estrogen (amahomoni wesifazane), etholakala kumama, liholela ekubukeni kwesifo socansi ezinganeni. Izithobezi ze-mammary ziyavuthwa, amantombazane angase abe nokuphuma komzimba.
Inkinga yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi ngokuvamile ayihlali ngaphezu kweviki, kanti kancane kancane izibonakaliso zayo zizozibonakalisa ngokwezinga elincane. Ungesabi uma uqaphela ukuthi amehlo omntanakho aphelile. Usana olusanda kuzalwa lungakaqali ngokugcwele imisipha ye-oculomotor ne-nertic optic. Ingane ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa ukukhanya okuvela ebumnyameni, kodwa kungakabonakali ukuqonda izinkomba. Ngemva kwesikhashana uzovula amehlo akhe ngokubanzi, uzofunda ukugxila amehlo akhe kuqala ezintweni ezinkulu, bese kuthi ezincane. Izinsana eziningi ezinamazinyo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, abambalwa kuphela abanamehlo aluhlaza noma aluhlaza kusukela ekuzalweni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amehlo angabumnyama noma ashintshe ngokuphelele umbala.
Ingabe zonke izinhlelo zilungile?
Ezinye izinhlelo zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingakapheli kahle kakhulu, kodwa uhlelo lokugaya isakhiwe kahle kakhulu. I-suckling reflex emincintweni ingenye yeyokuqala, eyakhiwe kusukela ekuzalweni. I-crumb iyakhathaza kalula ingono yesifuba noma ingono yebhodlela iphinde inamathele ngesici esithinta umsindo. Uthuthukisa ukucinga okusesidlangalaleni: i-crumb ivula umlomo wayo iphinde iphendule ikhanda ukuze ifune umthombo wokudla, uma uthinta ekhoneni lomlomo wakhe. Isisu somntwana okokuqala siyakwandisa nsuku zonke, futhi sidinga ubisi obuningi. Uma ezinsukwini zokuqala ingane ilahlekelwa isisindo kancane (okuthiwa "ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba"), bese isondla kahle, uzokwenza ngokushesha ukulahlekelwa nokwandisa isisindo.Isihlalo sazo zonke izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukushisa, ziluhlaza okomnyama, kancane kancane zishintshe ukuhambisana nokubala kwazo - isitokisi singase sibe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, ngisho nangemva kokudla kokubili.Uma ingane isondliwa ngokudla okufakelwayo, isitokisi ngokuvamile ihlala njalo futhi incike nesimiso okusimeme feedings.
Ngemuva kokuzalwa, izinso zisebenza ngokwengeziwe emntwaneni. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila ingane ishaya izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku, kodwa maduzane inani lokuvuthwa emvutheni lifinyelela izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili ngosuku.
Uhlelo lwezinzwa luya, njengoba ingane ikhula, mhlawumbe izinguquko ezinamandla kakhulu. Umntwana osanda kuzalwa uye wakhula ithoni ye-muscle - ukugoba kwayo kufakwe emigqeni, futhi imilenze igobile. Usana luyakwazi ukuthuthumela, ukwenza ukunyakaza nokungahambi kahle ngezandla zakhe, futhi isikhumba sakhe sivame ukuzamazama ukukhala. Lona umphumela wokungabonakali kwesimiso sezinzwa, ekugcineni konke kuzobuyela emuva evamile.
Ukuzindla kwengane esanda kuzalwa
Ingane esanda kuzalwa ibhekene nonke uchungechunge lwezindinganiso - ukusabela okuzimele okunyamalala ngezinyanga ezingu-4-5.
Zama ukubeka izithupha zakho ezandleni zomntwana. Uzobambelela ngokuqinile ukuze akwazi ukuphakanyiswa ngaphezu kwetafula.
Ngomthelela obukhali etafuleni ingane iyakwazi ukusingatha izinhlangothi, ngemuva kwalokho lezo zandla ziguqukela esifubeni. Ngokwezinye izazi, lokhu kugxila, kanye nokubamba, kwafika kubantu abavela okhokho abade. Wayeyidinga ukuze ingane ibambe unina uma kwenzeka ingozi. Ukusekela kwe-Reflex nokuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo. Uma umntwana eboshwe ngaphansi kwezingalo, uzoguqa imilenze emadolweni nasezinhlangothini zomlenze. Ukuthinta ukwesekwa, imisipha ikhululekile, futhi i-crumb izofika ekumeni okugcwele. Uma uqhubeka phambili, umntwana uzothatha "izinyathelo ezimbalwa".
Ukukhahla kwe-reflex
Beka isisu sakho bese uthinta izithende zakhe. Umntanakho uzosunduza futhi aqhube phambili phambili.I-reflex yokuzivikela. Esikhundleni esiswini, ingane iphendulela ikhanda layo eceleni, iphinde izame ukuyiphakamisa. Ukuze ugcine ikhanda lezingane lifunde ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala yokuphila.Bheka ukucabanga njengokuzivocavoca okufake ukuvivinya ingane yakho.
Siza i-crumb!
Izingane zizalwa ezahlukene - ezinkulu nezincane, zinenhloko ekhanda nekhanda, zizolile noma, ngokuphambene, zikhulu. Ikhono elibaluleke kakhulu lomntwana ukukwazi kwakhe ukubika okuthile okuphazamisayo. Uyakhala lapho elambile, uma udinga ukushintsha i-diaper noma into ethile iyimvimbela. Kuphela ngale ndlela angabiza usizo uma kunenkinga. Zama ukuqonda ukuthi yini ngempela emkhathazayo. Yigqoke ezandleni zakho, ukhulume, uhlabelele izingoma ufunde izindaba zezingane. Ngokushesha uzobona ukuthi ingane yakho ikhula, inemikhuba yakhe, izintandokazi kanye nezinamathiselo zayo, uzokwazi kangcono futhi uyayiqonda, futhi ingane izoshintsha khona ngaphambi kokuba amehlo akho akumangaze nsuku zonke.