Esikhathini esibandayo, izilwane ezifuywayo zizwela kakhulu emakhazeni futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu nokukhathazeka. Iningi lempilo yabo lwenzeka emakamelweni ekamelweni lokushisa. Kanti lokhu kubangela ukuthi ukuzivikelwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nokuphikisana nesithwathwa, kunciphile. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yezici zokuqukethwe kweqhwa, kuthinta izinja. Ngakho-ke, esibonelweni sabo, sizokutshela indlela yokuhlinzeka ngosizo lokuqala lwe-hypothermia ne-frostbite yemilenze nezinye izingxenye zomzimba wesilwane.
Ukuhlukumeza
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba ebusika, umuntu kufanele aqaphele futhi agcine ukuziphatha kwenja. Uma eqala ukuthuthumela, uphonsa izinhlangothi ezithile, kuze kube yilapho kubanda khona. Ungazami "ukufudumala" inja ngokugijima nanoma yimiphi imidlalo esebenzayo, kutuswa ukuthi ubuyele endaweni efudumele ngokushesha. Uma kwenzeka izinja ezincane ngokuvamile kungcono ukuzithatha ezandleni zakho uphathe ekhaya, zimboze noma uzifihle esifubeni sakho. Ukususa izimpawu ze-hypothermia ezinja kuyancipha ekushiseni komzimba okungaphansi kuka-37.5 ° C, kanti izimbungulu ezinamaqabunga emlonyeni zibopha, ijazi liphazamisekile, inja izama ukugcina umzimba ufudumala, iphihliwe ibhola. Uma inja ishintshiswa ngubanda, kufanele ifakwe ngokushesha endaweni efudumele , ukumboza ngengubo, izifudumala zendawo ezilandelayo ezinezinga lokushisa lika-38-40 ° C, unike isiphuzo esifudumele (umhluzi noma ubisi). Kubalulekile ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa kwenja, ukuguquguquka okumele kube kuhle.
Uma kwenzeka inja ingaphumeleli ebusika emanzini e-ice, kufanele ifakwe ebhodini ngamanzi afudumele lapho ibuyela ekhaya, isomile ngesambatho, isongwe ngengubo, njll, njenge-hypothermia evamile. Kunconywa ukunikeza isilwane i-glucose encane (izipuni ezine ngamalitha angu-0.5 amanzi) noma uju.
I-Hypothermia
I-hypothermia noma i-hypothermia enzima kule nja ibonakala ngokuncipha okukhulu ekushiseni komzimba (ngezansi kwe-36 ° C), ukuvinjelwa kwesilwane ngisho nokulahlekelwa kokuqonda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthumela kuyanyamalala, ukushaywa komzimba kubuthakathaka futhi kungacacisiwe, isisindo senhliziyo sinciphisa, ukuphefumula kuyaba okuncane futhi okuncane. Ukwehla kokushisa kubangela ukuphazanyiswa okukhulu emzimbeni nasekufeni kwenja. Esimweni esibucayi, inja ihlanganiswe ngengubo yeboya, izifudumala zibekwe eduze futhi zithathwe ngokushesha kudokotela. I-Hypothermia iyingozi ngoba ngisho nokuvuselelwa okuphumelelayo, okwenziwe udokotela futhi kungapheli amahora amaningana, akuqinisekisi ukuthi kungabikho ukulimala okungenakukugwema ebuchosheni nasezintweni zangaphakathi zenja. Konke lokhu kuthinta isikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane.
I-Frostbite
Lena enye ingozi yezilwane ezifuywayo ebusika ebusika. Ezinja, ezindlebeni, iminwe emagqumeni, izilonda ezincelisayo, i-scrotum ihlupheka kaningi. Isibonakaliso sokuqala se-frostbite yi-pallor yesikhumba ezindaweni ezivulekile. Uma ukusakazwa kwegazi kubuyiselwa, isikhumba kancane kancane siphenduka obomvu, ama-flakes. Izindawo ezifriziwe zifana namathrekhi okushisa. Bumnyama, ngokuvamile bumnyama, ngokucacile baphambene nomlando wesikhumba esinempilo. Izindawo ezinjalo zesikhumba zibuyiselwa izinsuku ezingu-14-20, kepha zilimaza isikhathi eside.
Ukwelashwa kwe-frostbite inja kuhlanganisa izinqubo ezifanayo ezifana ne-hypothermia, kodwa kunezinto eziningana:
- ukuxubha kungcono ukuthatha indawo ngezingubo zokufudumala ezivela emigqeni ejulile yoboya bekotini;
- Ungadabuli izindawo zesikhumba ezinamaqabunga, kungaholela ekubukeni kwezinto ezincane, lapho ukutheleleka kalula kungene khona;
- kanye nokubuyiselwa kokujikeleza kwegazi kuyoba khona ubuhlungu, okungathi kungancipha ngokumnika emlonyeni we-cahors (1 tsp yezinhlamvu eziyi-15 kg, 1 d.l ngezinhlobo eziphakathi, 1 tbsp izinja ezinkulu ezinesisindo esingama-25 kg). Uma kungekho cahors, sebenzisa isisombululo sotshwala esingu 20-30%. Isigaba esisodwa l. i-vodka ye-1 tbsp. l. I-40% yesisombululo se-glucose (ingasuswa esikhundleni sesiraphu ishukela). Nika inja emthamo ofana no-Cahors. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisombululo sewayini nesiphuzo singashintshwa ngamaphilisi e-baralgin. Kusetshenziswe kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo: i-¼ itafula. izinja ezincane, itafula le-½. izinja eziphakathi, netafula elilodwa. - ngamadwala amakhulu.
- Izindawo ezibandayo ziphathwa ngezingubo zokugcoba nge-Vishnevsky amafutha.
Khumbula ukuthi emva kokusizwa kokuqala uma kune-frostbite ne-hypothermia, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa isilwane kumzilwane wezilwane ngesikhathi sokuthola futhi uqale ukuphatha izinkinga ezingenzeka.