Ukusabela okujwayelekile
Amasosha omzimba ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile avikela umzimba kusuka kubhaktheriya, amagciwane, ubuthi kanye namangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukuxhumana kokuqala nenye yezinhlamvu eziyingozi (i-antigen) kubangela ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies okuqaphela nokubhubhisa ama-antigens kokuxhumana okulandelayo. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-antigen-antibody reaction.
Ukusabela okweqile
Ngendlela yokuphikisa, izinqubo ezifanayo zenzeka:
- contact wokuqala (ukuzwela) nge-allergen (antigen), isibonelo impova;
- ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies;
- ukuvuselelwa kwamasipha omzimba nge-histamine ukukhululwa;
- Ukusabela okwenziwe ukuvuvukala kwe-histamine ngokuthuthukiswa kwezibonakaliso zokungezwani komzimba.
Atopy
Ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukusekela imbangela eqondile yokusabela okweqile. Kwamanye abantu, ukungezwani komzimba kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezimo ezihlukahlukene zempilo. Kulokhu, khuluma nge-atony, ehlotshaniswa nesakhiwo esiyifa. Ngaphezu kokusabela okukhulu kwegazi, ama-atopics ngokuvamile ahlushwa yi-asthma ye-bronchial kanye / noma i-eczema. Njengoba i-allergen ingenza izitshalo ze-pollen, uthuli, ukudla nemithi, izinwele zezilwane, ukulunywa kwezinambuzane, izimonyo nokukhanya kwelanga. Izindlela zokungena kwe-allergen: ukungafihli, ukungenisa, ukungcola ngokuqondile esikhumbeni noma ebusweni beso. Izimpawu zithembele engxenyeni ethintekile yomzimba.
Izinhlobo ze-allergies
Ukwehla kwesifo sofuba okubangelwa ukuvuthwa kwempova noma uthuli kubangele ukuxubana kwamasipha nokubamba, ukusiphaza nokukhwehlela. Ukungezwani kokudla kubangela colic esiswini, ukuhlanza nokuhuda, okungafana nokudla kokudla. Ukudakwa kwezidakamizwa kubonakala ngezibonakaliso ezimbalwa; Ngokuvamile kukhona ubuhlungu esiswini, isifo sohudo kanye nokukhwabanisa isikhumba. Ukuxhumana ngokuqondile kwe-allergen ngesikhumba kungaholela ekubukeni okusheshayo kwe-urticaria (izitshalo ezithile) noma ukusabela okulandelayo kamuva kwe-eczematous (izingubo zokugqoka kanye nezesekeli kusuka ku-nickel). Ukusabela okunamandla okusongela impilo - ukushuswa kwe-anaphylactic - kuhambisana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kwezicubu, ikakhulukazi ubuso, izindebe nolimi. Isimo singase sigcine ngokuwa. I-Anamnesis yentuthuko kanye nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba kuyisikhathi esiyisisekelo sokuxilongwa. Isihluthulelo sokunquma imbangela yokuphendula okweqile ukukhomba ubudlelwane be-allergies ezintweni ezinjengokuthi:
- isikhathi sonyaka;
- izilwane ezifuywayo;
- uhlobo lomsoco;
- umndeni we-anamnesis we-allergenic.
Ukuhlukanisa ukudla okubangelwa yizinto zokudla okubangelwa uketshezi kokudla, okunezimpawu ezifanayo, ukuhlolwa okuqondile kuzosiza.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-allergen
Ukusabela okwe-allergen kungaboniswa ngamazinga aphezulu e-antibodies egazini. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukuqhuba izivivinyo zesikhumba. Ukuhlolwa komthwalo kuhilela ukujova inani elincane lezinto ezisolakala emzimbeni bese ubona ukusabela. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ukugwema ukuxhumana ne-allergen. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi esimweni semithi yempova. Uma usungula i-agent ye-allergen, izincomo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:
- uma kunokwenzeka, gwema ukuxhumana ne-allergen;
- ne-fever fever, landela ikhalenda yezitshalo zezimbali futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezifika ngesikhathi;
- njalo unomuthi kanye nawe uma kwenzeka ungaxhunywanga ne-allergen;
- Sebenzisa izimpumelelo zemithi yesimanje ekwelapheni kwe-allergies.
Ukwelashwa kwemithi, njengomthetho, kuhloswe ukunciphisa izimpawu nokuvimbela ukusabela okuqhubekayo. Ngokuphathelene ne-prophylaxis yesikhathi eside, kungcono ukugwema ukuthintana ne-allergen, ikakhulukazi ukudla nemithi, okwamanje, akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Izinketho zokwelapha
Kunemithi ehlukahlukene yokwelapha. Ama-Antihistamine avimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-histamine. I-Steroids inqanda ukumelana nomzimba, okwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni nasekunciphiseni ubukhulu besifo se-asthma. Amafutha we-steroid asetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukuphathwa kwesikhumba. Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic, isiguli sishaywa ngokushesha nge-adrenaline. Ngenkathi yokwelashwa okungahambi kahle, isiguli sinikezwa ukulinganisa okuncane kwe-allergen isikhathi esithile. Le ndlela okwamanje isetshenziswa ngokungavamile ngenxa yobude benqubo kanye nezinkinga ezingenzeka, kuhlanganise ne-anaphylaxis. Ukunciphisa ukungezwani komzimba kungaqhubeka nokuphila, futhi izimpawu zalo - ziqinisa. Ezimweni ezingavamile, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisuke singacabangi kakhulu kwi-allergen ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Manje siyazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokwelapha umuntu angaba nazo.