Inkinga enkulu ekudaleni umgomo kanye nezidakamizwa ukuthi i-virus ye-hepatitis C inomsebenzi ophezulu wokuguqula umzimba, futhi ngenxa yalokho, i-heterogeneity yofuzo. Okusho ukuthi, ku-genome yegciwane kunezindawo eziningi ezingazinzile lapho ukuguqulwa kwezinto kuqhubeka khona. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlukahluka okuyisithupha kwe-genotype yegciwane manje sekuyaziwa, futhi ukuhlukahluka kohlobo lwe-genotype kufaka okungenani izinhlobo ezingu-10. Ngamazwi alula, "umndeni" we-virus ye-hepatitis C ukhula njalo. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukudala umgomo noma imithi ezokwazi ukulwa ngempumelelo negciwane. Ngisho emzimbeni womuntu oyedwa, ukuqala ukwanda, igciwane linikeza inzalo ehluke kakhulu kwifomu lomzali ukuthi ithola amandla "okuphunyuka" emthonjeni we-antibodies owenziwe yi-immune system kanye nemithi esebenzayo yemithi. Lokhu kuchaza ukuvuselelwa kwe-hepatitis C eziguli ezibonakala zilashwa.
I-agent causative ye-hepatitis C isakazwa ngegazi. Iqembu leengozi lokutheleleka lingumlutha wezidakamizwa. Ngokwezibalo zaseRussia eminyakeni yamuva, icala ngalinye lesibili lokutheleleka ngaleli fomu lokushisa kwesibindi lihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingenasisindo. Ama-50% asele awela ezigulini ze-hemophilia, iziguli ze-hemodialysis, abahlengikazi, odokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela bamazinyo, abaculi bezinwele - ngegama labo bonke abahlangana negazi labantu abathintekayo. Futhi, amacala okudluliswa kwegciwane ngokubhoboza, ukudweba imibala, ukugcoba umzimba kanye nokuhamba ngezinyawo akuyona into engavamile ngezinsimbi ezingenakunyakaziswa. Kodwa kusukela kumama kuya kwengane igciwane liyadlula kakhulu.
Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organization, cishe abantu abangamaphesenti ama-3 abantu emhlabeni baphethe isifo se-hepatitis C, i.e. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-300. Kodwa uma ucabanga ukuthi emazweni amaningi kuphela ukubonakaliswa okusobala kakhulu kwesifo sofuba esibhalisiwe, futhi emazweni athile azikho izibalo eziphathelene nesifo sofuba esibangelwa yi-viral hepatitis, kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi amanani okwenzeka kwangempela aphakeme kakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, izinga lokutheleleka kwabantu lihluka kakhulu esifundeni (kusuka ku-0.6-1.4% e-USA kuya kuma-4-5% emazweni ase-Afrika).
Isikhathi sokufakelwa kwesifo sokushisa kwesifo sofuba esibelethweni C siyaqhubeka ngezinsuku ezingu-40-50. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo ngokwayo kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: i-acute, i-latent (engapheliyo) kanye nesigaba sokuvuselela (isifo esisha sesifo).
Isigaba esiyinkimbinkimbi sivame ukulinganiselwa esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngendlela evulekile, ngakho-ke lesi sifo asitholakali esithombeni sokuqala. Iziguli ezinesimo esisebenzayo sesigaba esiyinkimbinkimbi ziyingcosana (hhayi ezingaphezu kuka-20%). Ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kubandakanya ubuthakathaka jikelele, ukukhathala okusheshayo, ukunciphisa ukudla kanye nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ukuxilongwa kubonakala kalula ngokubonakala kwe-icteric sclera nokukhwabanisa kwesikhumba, kodwa izimpawu ze-jaundice azivamile - ku-8-10% wamacala.
Esikhathini esiningi seziguli, isigaba esibucayi sishintshwa isigaba esilandelayo, sithuthukiswa isikhathi eside sagciwane emzimbeni, futhi singaphelela eminyakeni eyi-10-20. Konke lokhu abantu abathintekayo bacabanga ukuthi banempilo. Isikhalazo kuphela singabunzima kakhulu ku-hypochondrium enemisebenzi yokusebenza ngokomzimba noma ukuphazamiseka kokudla. Ezigulini phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukwanda kancane nokuhlanganiswa kwesibindi nesipelingi kungatholakala, futhi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukwanda kancane kwezinga le-enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) futhi kuveza ngezikhathi ezithile i-RNA yesifo se-hepatitis C.
Ukubuyiswa kabusha kwenzeka ngokulinganiselwa emva kweminyaka engu-14 futhi kuholela e-cirrhosis yesibindi ne-hepatocellular carcinoma. Igciwane lingabangela izifo nezinye izitho eziningi futhi kungabangela ukuvuvukala kwe-glomeruli yezinso, isifo sikashukela, i-lymph nodes, isimiso sezinzwa nomonakalo wenhliziyo, izifo zesikhumba, i-arthritis, ukungasebenzi kocansi, nalolu hlu kungaqhubeka.
Isistimu ekhona yokwelashwa kwesifo sofuba esibhedlela i-Hepatitis C idinga ukuthuthukiswa. Izidakamizwa ezikhona (i-interferon, i-virazol, njll) azisebenzi. Ngokusho kwemitholampilo ehlukahlukene, umphumela wokwelapha utholakala kuphela ku-40-45% weziguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zidakamizwa ziyabiza, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuhambisana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukubaluleka kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela ezifana nezinyathelo zokuvimbela isandulela ngculazi: ukulwa nokulutha izidakamizwa, ukulawulwa kwegazi nemikhiqizo yalo, ukuphepha okuyimfihlo kanye nemfundo yezempilo.
Qaphela impilo yakho engabizi!