Ukubeletha
Konke lokhu kungagwenywa ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngokuqondile: uma owesifazane ehlezi noma ekhona kuzo zonke ezine, lesi sibeletho sicindezela kancane ezitsheni ezinkulu, ukujikeleza kwe-uteroplacental kuthuthukisa, futhi ingane ithola oksijini okwanele. Ngakho-ke, noma ngesikhathi sokulwa, noma ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwekhanda ngokusebenzisa umsele wokubeletha esigabeni sesibili sokubeletha, ingane ingasongelwa i-hypoxia - i-oxygen starvation. Isigaba sokuqala somsebenzi sisheshe. Ngoba ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngokuqondile owesifazane angashukumisela, hhayi nje elele embhedeni, isambiso sesisu nengane zicindezelwa ngokulinganayo futhi ngokujulile engxenyeni engezansi yesibeletho nentamo yayo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-uterine pharynx ivula ngokushelela nangempumelelo, kanti isikhathi sokuqala somsebenzi sidlula ngokushesha. Ukunqoba emahoreni angu-2-3 akuzuzisi nje kuphela iziguli, kunciphisa isiteleka sezimpi ezibuhlungu, kodwa futhi nangomntwana, ngoba ngesikhathi sokulwa isikhathi esithile oksijini akuyeki kuye. Ingozi yokuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha incishisiwe. Uma isikhathi sokuzalwa kokubeletha oku-1 sinciphile ngamahora angu-2-3, isigaba sesibili, ngokuphambene nalokho, sanda kancane (cishe imizuzu engama-20-30). Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukuzalwa komntwana esimweni esingavumelani nakho kubangela ukuba umama ozayo abe nobuhlungu obukhulu. Ukubheka kubonisa ukuthi lapho emi noma ehlezi abesifazane umntwana uhamba phansi hhayi kancane kancane, kodwa futhi ngokushelela. Futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi ingozi yokuthola ukulimala kokubeletha iyancipha ibe yere. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esiteji sesibili somsebenzi, imisipha yomshini wesisu, emuva, iphansi kanye nayo yonke imisipha yamathambo yomama esizayo esebenza ngendlela ehlelekile futhi ecacile, futhi njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, lo wesifazane usizwa amandla okuvuthwa. Futhi isiguli senza umzamo omncane ukuze umntwana azalwe, imisipha ye-pelvic ikhululekile, ingane ihamba kalula ngokusebenzisa umsele wokuzala futhi idla amandla angaphansi. Umama ozayo uzolahlekelwa igazi elingaphansi (ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, ukubeletha kuya phezulu kufika ku-300 ml). Uma kwenzeka umama osemncane ehlezi (isesikhundleni sokuhlala isikhathi sesithathu sokuhamba okubeletha ngokuqondile), i-placenta ihlukanisa ngokushesha nokulahleka kwegazi ku-100-150 ml. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba ingane izalwe, futhi intambo yomlomo ingabeki ukuqhuma, izofakwa esiswini sikamama ukuze iqhubekele embongeni ngokwakhe, ibambe futhi ithole ubisi.
Ukukhipha
Ngaphansi kwesisindo somzimba wakhe, umntwana uhamba ngokushesha ngokusebenzisa umsele wokuzalwa. Emuva nasemilenzeni ukhathele ngokushesha, kufanele uphakamise ukufudumala noma ulale eceleni kwakho. Ukusiza udokotela nombelethisi kuzodinga amakhono akhethekile. Phakathi nokulwa nokuzama, lo wesifazane ugijima. Isibeletho nomntanakhe banikezwa kahle nge-oxygen. Umama wesikhathi esizayo uphonsela, uzisize ngemisipha yesikhwama sangemuva nesigxathu.
Kuzo zonke ezine
Kule ndawo kulula ukuphefumula, isisindo asikhathali kancane. Ukugxila ngokuqondile ezandleni nasezinyaweni, umama wesikhathi esizayo kulula ukuphatha imizamo, ubona imiphumela yomsebenzi wakhe, ngoba umntwana uzalwa ngaphambi kwamehlo akhe. Kulesi simo kulula ukubeletha izingane ezinkulu. Kuyoba nzima kakhudlwana kudokotela nombelethisi ukusiza owesifazane. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi uzodinga umbhede okhethekile kanye netafula, kungenzeka ukuthi angekho esigodini sokubeletha osikhethile. Owesifazane umi phezu kwazo zonke ezine, encike ezandleni zakhe ezigobile namadolo. Lesi sikhundla sibhekwa njengokwenyama kakhulu: ukusebenzisana kwengcindezi yengane nokulwa kwenza ingane yakhe iphumelele kakhulu. Ezikhathini eziphakathi kokuphambana nokuzama, isikhungo sedonsela phansi singasuswa ezintendeni zezandla kuya ezandleni.
Ngemuva
Ngesikhathi sokulwa nokudonsa, imilenze ingabekwa phezu kwezinto ezisekelwayo noma igxilwe kuyo, iguqa ngamadolo, nezandla-ukubambelela ezandleni zetafula, njengokungathi zidonsa izinsolo. Ingane enkulu ingafakela izitsha zesisu esiswini, ngenxa yokuthi ukujikelezwa kwegazi kuphazamiseka, ukusakaza kwe-oksijeni kunciphisa, owesifazane ukhathele kakhulu. Khona-ke phakathi kokuphambana nokuzama odokotela ukubeka eceleni. Lo wesifazane ulele emhlane wakhe, esakaza imilenze yakhe futhi egoqa emgodini wakhe. Ngezandla zakhe unamathela ezandleni zegumbi lokudiliza. Leli lungiselelo lamukelwa kuzo zonke izibhedlela zokubeletha. Kungcono kumama nabasebenzi.
Ukuhlala
Uma owesifazane enezinkinga ngomgogodla (ngokwesibonelo, i-scoliosis noma ukuhlukumezeka kwe-coccyx), kungcono ukuthi akhethe isikhundla esithile. Umlenze ongezansi wesifazane ugobile emadolweni, kanti phezulu kunamacala amaningi aphikisana ne-crossbar ekhethekile yetafula lokulethwa. Ngesisindo sayo, ingane ayifaki izitsha ezinkulu zesisu esiswini (okwenzekayo uma umama elele ngemuva kwakhe isikhathi eside).