Ezingozini zokubhema ezinganeni

Ukubhema phakathi kwentsha ingenye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu, isixazululo okufanele sibhekiswe ngaso ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa okukhulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokwemininingwane yedatha, naphezu kwezixwayiso eziningi mayelana nezingozi zokubhema nokukhangisa kuka-anti-tobacco, eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwaba nomkhuba wokwandisa inani lokubhema kwentsha.

Ngokwezibalo ezifanayo, iRussia isendaweni yokuqala ngokuya kwenani lababhemayo phakathi kwamazwe onke, kanye nenani lababhemayo phakathi kwentsha. Ezikoleni zemfundo ephakeme, inani lababhemayo abesilisa lifinyelela ku-75%, futhi ubulili besifazane - kufika ku-65%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, lezi zibalo zikhula kancane kancane. Abaningi bezingane ezibhemayo bancike ngokuqinile ku-nicotine. Isilinganiso seminyaka lapho intsha iqala ukubhema, okwamanje cishe iminyaka engu-14-16.

Yini eyenza ingane ishawule? Kunezindlela eziningi zokuphendula lo mbuzo: intombazane ingabheka izinzwa ezintsha, zama ukuziveza ngale ndlela, ulingise ezinye zezithombe zakhe, njll. Futhi nakuba kunezizathu eziningi ezingenzeka, umphumela ungowomuntu wonke - impilo engathinteki kakhulu. Isizathu ngasinye sibhekene nenkinga ethize engokwengqondo, kodwa izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga zikhona kakhulu hhayi wonke umuntu. Okungaphezu kwakho konke, kuxhomeke kumntwana osemusha, kanye nakwezungezile. Ngokuvamile abazali abakwazi ukuveza ngokucacile futhi ngokucacile umonakalo owenzelwa emzimbeni ekubhemeni, kodwa bamane bazama ukugwema ukubhema, okubangela ukuthi ingane iphindise kabili isifiso sokuthatha ugwayi, futhi isifiso sinamandla ngokwengeziwe ukuvinjelwa. Kodwa umonakalo ovela ekubhemeni uphakeme kakhulu, ukubhema akuvumeli umzimba ukuba ukhule ngendlela evamile futhi kuthinte kabi izitho eziningi ngesikhathi zingakaboniswa ngokugcwele, futhi ngenxa yalokho, azivikelwe kahle njengezitho zomuntu omdala.

Isibonelo, amaphaphu akhiwa ngokomzimba kuphela eminyakeni eyi-18, kanti kwezinye izimo eminyakeni engu-20-22. Ngokufanayo, ezinye izidumbu ziqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele emva kokufinyelela emdala.

Lapho ingane ishaywa, inqwaba ye-carbon monoxide ingena egazini lakhe, eliphendula nge-hemoglobin, okuholela ekufweni kwe-oksijeni yindlala yezinhlobo nezicubu eziningi. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi umzimba ukhula kuphela, lokhu kwenzeka kungaba yingozi enkulu kuye.

Ukubhema ngokweqile kuphazamisa izinhlelo zokuphefumula nezomzimba zomzimba. Uma ingane iqala ukubhema emabhaleni aphansi, bese eneminyaka engu-14 ingabhekana nokuphefumula nokuphuza kwenhliziyo. Ngisho noma ingane ishayela kuphela ngonyaka nonyaka, isivele ihlukumezekile emsebenzini wokulawulwa kokuphefumula.

Iminyaka encane yobusheni, okunamandla ngokuvamile kuvame ukubonakaliswa kwezimpawu zokukhubazeka komzimba, njengokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ubuthakathaka. Ngokuvamile kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuphuza emathunjini, izifo eziphefumulayo zokuphefumula kanye nemikhuhlane. Amacala amaningi e-bronchitis ahlala njalo ahlonishwa.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-nikotine nezinye izinto eziyingozi zemikhiqizo kagwayi zisebuchosheni bomntwana osemusha. Osemncane osemusha, ukubhema okunamandla kuthinteka ekuhlinzekeni kwegazi ebuchosheni, okuholela ekukhathaleni okusheshayo, ukunciphisa ukuphumelela kokufunda, ukunakwa okuhlakazekile. Futhi njengoba okuningi kwamaphethini okuziphatha okuyisisekelo akhiwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kunzima kakhulu ukuyeka ukubhema kumfana osetshenziselwa ukubhema kule nkathi.

Ukubhema phakathi kwentsha kuyinkinga kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Kunezinkampani eziningi zokukhangisa ezinkulu, lapho ulwazi olusakazeka khona mayelana nokuthi ukubhema okulimazayo kungokwenani elisencane. Ngeshwa, izinkampani eziningi zikagwayi ezisiza ngokudayiswa kwazo zimelela ukubhema ngendlela ezuzisa, okwenza umuntu abe nogwayi onomqondo omuhle wesifazane (wesifazane). Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nentsha ngokuqondile, ngokuningiliziwe ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nokuthi kuyingozi kanjani ugwayi futhi kubonisa imiphumela yokubhema kubantu abadala kanye nentsha.