Ukubaluleka kwegciwane le-thyroid emzimbeni wethu kunzima ukugcizelela. Ikhiqiza ama-hormone (thyroxine, triiodothyronine ne-thyrocalcitonin), ethinta umsebenzi wenyama yonke, ivuselele imizimba yethu yonke. Amahomoni akhiqizwa yi-gland yegciwane yiyona eyabangela ukugaya umzimba emzimbeni ngamunye kanye nawo wonke amangqamuzana omzimba wethu. Ngaphandle kwabo, akunakwenzeka ukuqhubeka nezinqubo ezifana nokuphefumula, ukunyakaza, ukudla, ukulala. Inhliziyo yethu ibetha, amaphaphu aphefumula emoyeni, kanti ubuchopho buveza izimpembelelo ngokuqondile ngenxa yamahomoni wegciwane le-thyroid. Futhi uma sikhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngomsebenzi wobuchopho, ama-hormone wegciwane ahlanganyela kokubili ekubunjweni kobuchopho emntwaneni, nasemsebenzini olandelayo wobuchopho kulo lonke ukuphila komuntu. Ukucabanga kwethu okunengqondo, ikhono lokuhlaziya masinyane lesi simo kanye namakhono amakhono amaningi okubhekwa njengesipho sikaNkulunkulu, kuncike ekutheni umsebenzi walowo mzimba uncike kakhulu.
I-hormone ye thyroxine ne-triiodothyronine iqhaza ngokuhlanganyela ekukhuleni kwengane, ukuthuthukiswa nokuqiniswa kwamasipha, ukukhula kwamathambo kuxhomeke kuzo. I-gland yegciwane ithatha ingxenye ekwakhekeni kwezingcingo zamantombazane kwabesifazane, ibhekene nokulinganisela kwamanzi omuncu kanye nokugcinwa kwesisindo somzimba esivamile. I-gland yegciwane ibuye iseze umsebenzi wezinye amahomoni, iqhaza ekwakheni amavithamini athile, isiza isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba wethu. Ukuguga komzimba wethu kuhlotshaniswa nezinguquko emgodini wegciwane.
Ukusebenza kahle kwegciwane le-thyroid kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wesifazane. I-gland yegciwane iqhaza kulo lonke ukulungiswa komzimba wesifazane ngesikhathi sokuphila kowesifazane. Ukusebenza okuvamile kwalesi sitho kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwe nokubeletha kwengane, ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nesikhathi sokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nangesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Izinkinga zokukhulelwa nokuzala ingane zingahambisana nokusebenza okungalungile kwegciwane le-thyroid, noma yikuphi ukuphutha ekusebenzeni kwalesi sitho kumama kungaphazamisa umntwana osanda kuzalwa.
Ezimweni eziningi, isifo se-thyroid sinesifazana, kepha singase senzeke kubantu abangenazo izakhi zofuzo kubo. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwegciwane le-thyroid kungabonakalisa ngezindlela ezahlukene, kuye ngokuthi, izimpawu zesifo esingaziwa ngazo, kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa.
Njengoba i-gland yegciwane ithinta wonke amasu omzimba, futhi akulona noma yiluphi isitho esisodwa, akulula ukubona izintambo ekusebenzeni kwayo. Izimpawu zezifo ze-gland zegciwane esijwayele ukungaboni noma ukubhala ngenxa yokukhathala, ukucindezeleka, ukungqubuzana nezinkinga zomsebenzi noma zomndeni. Abantu abaningi abacabangi ngisho nokuthi imbangela yesimo sabo esibi, ukukhathala okusheshayo, ukucasula noma ukucindezeleka kungafihla kule ncane encane, i-butterfly-like organ.
Abesifazane abaningi abakhokhi, isibonelo, ukungahambi kahle komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, futhi lokhu kungaba yinye yezibonakaliso zesifo segciwane futhi lokhu kungaphezu kokubi kakhulu.
Nazi izimpawu ezisemqoka, lapho kubonakala khona okudingekayo ukuba uhlole ngokushesha ukusebenza kwe-gland yegciwane:
- Ukukhathala nokukhathala, umqondo wobuthakathaka ngisho nangemva kokulala.
- Izinguquko ezibalulekile ngesisindo somzimba.
Izimo ezicindezelayo nezincibilikisayo.
- Izinkinga ngememori.
- Ukuzwa ukushisa noma ubanda emaphethelweni.
- Amajoyino abuhlungu, i-arthritis.
Izihlungu zomzimba noma ubuhlungu.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya, ukuqotshwa njalo.
- Cholesterol ephezulu egazini.
Futhi, isifo se-thyroid singasusa ukuvuvukala okuncane entanyeni.
Ukubukeka kwazo zonke noma ezinye zalezi zibonakaliso kungase kubonise ukuthi kukhona ukukhubazeka kwegciwane lesifo se-subclinical kumuntu. Lesi simo sisho ukuthi ukungajwayelekile emgodini wegciwane sekuvele kwenzeke, kodwa izinga lamahomoni egazini lisemingcele evamile. Ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okujwayelekile futhi kaningi bashiywe engalindelwe udokotela, futhi ukwelashwa kuqala kuphela ngezigaba zesifo. Noma kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukufaka isicelo esikhungweni sezokwelapha.
Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu zangaphandle zalesi sifo zibonakalisa kakhulu kakhulu, ngisho nasezigabeni zokugcina. Izifo ze-gland yegciwane zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amaningana. Lezi zifo ezihlobene nokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ngokweqile, eyaziwa nangokuthi isisekelo se-Basedova noma i-hyperthyroidism, nokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone enganele noma i-hypothyroidism. Inani lamahomoni lingalawulwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela ze-hormonal, izinguquko ekudleni nasekuphila, nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-homeotherapy. Kunoma yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukuba kuhlolwe ku-endocrinologist.
Kukhona olunye uhlobo lwesifo: ukwakheka kwama-nodes noma izicubu. Okungaba kokubili okubi futhi okulimazayo. Ezimweni ezinzima kangaka, kunezimiso eziningana zokuxilongwa nokuphathwa.
Isimiso sokuqala ukuziphatha okuphoqelekile kokuhlelwa kwenaliti okufisa isalophi eyenziwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ultrasound. Ukuziphatha kwalo kuyisisekelo sokuxilongwa, ngoba kuxhomeke kulezi zimo noma ngabe isisu siyingozi noma sinobungozi.
Isimiso sesibili ukuhlinzeka ngokungenelela ekuqedeni ukukhipha isifo se-thyroid uma kwenzeka ukutholakala kwe-node embi. Ezweni lakithi, umkhuba wokulondoloza ingxenye yengane ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa isakazeke, kodwa emhlabeni wonke amacebo anjalo awasekelwe. Futhi ngokuphambene - uma kutholakala isisu esinobuthi, kungenzeka ukuba ugweme ukuhlinzwa. Isibonakaliso sokungenelela kokusebenza kuleli cala kuphela ukukhula okusheshayo kwama-nodes kanye nobunzima obhekene nalo muntu mayelana nalokhu. Noma kunjalo, lesi simo asivamile. Ekusebenzeni kwezokwelapha, i-tumor ebhekene nayo ibizwa nangokuthi "i-Colloidal Node", futhi kwenzeka njalo kaningi kunezingalungile. Ngokuphambene nalokho okungaqondakali okungajwayelekile, isisu esinesifo esibi asiyona into embi. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okungelayona ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo sekuya ngokuya kakhulu.
Isimiso sesithathu sibhekelana nokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ezimbi. Lesi yisidingo sokwelashwa okuhlangene, ukuhlanganisa ukuhlinzeka nge-opiyotherapy yokwelashwa elandelayo. Inhloso yokwelapha okunjalo ukubhujiswa kwezicubu ezinomzimba emzimbeni womuntu. Kuyinto yokwelashwa ehlangene ezokwehlisa amathuba okuphindaphinda nokusabalalisa kwenqubo embi emzimbeni. Noma kunjalo, izicubu ezimbi zesifo se-thyroid ziyingxenye yezifo ezingokwemvelo, ezingaphiliswa ngokuphelele. Akufanele neze kube "isigwebo" isiguli. Njengoba odokotela bathi "uma uhloselwe ukuthuthukisa umdlavuza, yiyeke ube ngumdlavuza we -roid."
Isimiso sesine sokwelashwa ukubhekwa kweziguli isikhathi eside. Abantu abanezinombolo ezingenabangela izikhalazo, kanye kanye ngonyaka ukuqhuba i-ultrasound ye-gland gland, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngamahomoni bese uvakashela i-endocrinologist. Iziguli ezitholile isifo esibi kakhulu zidinga ukuvakashela udokotela olawula ukwelashwa kwakhe kaningi futhi aqhube ukuxilonga.
Ngenxa yezibonakaliso ezahlukana nezifo ezifihlekile zezifo ze-thyroid, kunzima ukulinganisa ngokunembile izinga lokusakazeka kwezi zifo. Kodwa, ngisho nokucabangela kuphela amacala abonakalisiwe, kungasho ngokuqondile ukuthi inani labantu ababhekene nalezi zifo zegciwane lengculazi lihambisana nesifo sikashukela nezifo zesimiso senhliziyo.
Naphezu kokuthi ukuhlolwa komzimba kwenziwa isikhathi eside, ososayensi abakwazi ukuchaza ngokuqondile izimbangela zokubonakala kwezifo ze-thyroid kuze kube manje. Kukholelwa ukuthi indima ebalulekile idlalwe yizinto eziphilayo, kanye nomthelela wemvelo. Esikhathini sethu, isimo sendawo eshintshashintshayo njalo asikwazi ukubikezela ngokunembile ukuthi umcimbi ungathinta kanjani umzimba womuntu. Isibonelo, kuphawulwe ukuthi inhlekelele yaseChernobyl yabangela umdlavuza wegciwane lesifo se-thyroid, enezifo eziningi kakhulu ezingekho eminyakeni yokuqala emva kwenhlekelele, kodwa yahlehliswa iminyaka eyishumi, kanti iningi labagulayo laliyizingane.
Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko zokuvela kwezifo ze-thyroid, ngaphezu kwezifo zofuzo, kukhona ukuntuleka kwe-iodine, okuyinto lowo muntu athola kancane kokudla. Okuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-iodine kutholakala emikhiqizweni yasolwandle, njengezinhlanzi zasolwandle nolwandle oludala. Kwezinye izifunda zomhlaba, imikhiqizo enjalo ayitholakali futhi ayitholakali isetshenziselwa ukudla. Izifo ze-gland yegciwane kulezi zindawo zivame ukuphindwe izikhathi eziyishumi kunamazwe asogwini, lapho ngokwemvelo imikhiqizo eminingi ye-iodine isetshenziselwa ukudla.
Ukuxazulula inkinga yokuntuleka kwe-iodine, kokubili nakwezinye izindawo, izimboni zamakhemikhali nezokudla zithathe. Manje zikhiqiza imikhiqizo ngokukhethekile ehlotshiswe nge-iodine, isibonelo, usawoti iodididi, isinkwa, amanzi. Emashalofini ezitolo zezidakamizwa kwavela izidakamizwa eziningi ezenzelwe ukuvimbela ukungabi khona kwe-iodine emzimbeni. Ukudla kwezidakamizwa kunconywa ngokukhethekile kubantwana nakwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokulahlwa. Manje uyazi konke mayelana nesifo segciwane: izimbangela, izimpawu, ukuvimbela okufanele kube ngesikhathi esifanele.