Into emangalisayo: isisindo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukukhula umntwana azalwa ngalo, kuba ngaphezu kwalezi zinkomba ezikhishwa esibhedlela. Ziya kuphi lezi gramu eziyigugu namamithamitha? Ake sibone ndawonye!
Zingaphi - imingcele yendabuko?
Balingana nezingane, abazalwa ngesisindo somzimba esingu-2600 kuya ku-4000 g kanye nokwanda kwe-46 kuya ku-56 cm. Kulesi simo, akukhona kuphela ukuthi izindinganiso eziphakeme zokuphakama nesisindo zibalulekile, kodwa futhi isilinganiso samanani - abasebenzi bezibhedlela zokubeletha, njengomthetho, usebenzisa i-Quetelet index. Ake sithi umntwana wazalwa enesisindo esingama-3250 g nokwanda kwe-50 cm. Ukuhlukanisa inombolo yokuqala ngeyesibili, uthola 65. Futhi ukujwayelekile kwesisindo, ukuphakama kanye nenhlawulo yomsana kuvela ku-60 kuya ku-70. Ngakho konke kuhlelekile! Jabulela lesi simo, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esihle kakhulu. Phela, uma ingane ibonisa ukwehluleka kobukhulu ngokuphathelene nokukhula (inkomba ye-Quetelet ngezansi 60), kungaba ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, sikhuluma ngokungondleki kwe-intrauterine - ukunciphisa ukudla okunomsoco, ezibangela ukuthi udokotela kufanele aziqonde kahle.
Sicela uqaphele: zonke izibalo ezinikezwe lapha zisebenza kuphela kumntwana wesikhathi esigcwele owazalwa ngesikhathi.
Ama-bogatyrs wangempela ezindizeni
Izingane ezibalwe ngesikhathi zizalwa ngaphezu kuka 4 kg, kubhekwa njengezinkulu. Esikhathini esidlule, odokotela basekhaya basekhaya babesabisa uMama, bememezela ukuthi ingane enjalo - omele ukwelashwa ngesifo sikashukela. Eqinisweni, konke akusibi kakhulu. Umthetho oyinhloko - ukunamathela kuwo wonke umqondo ovamile. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngomsoco. Uma ungayondli ingane, ungayithinti, uvikele ngokucophelela ukutheleleka kwegciwane kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokucindezeleka, okujwayele ukujwayela ukuphila okusebenzayo, usongo lwesifo sikashukela singancishiswa. Isisindo, ukuphakama nokusebenza kwengane kubhekene nemisebenzi yengqondo emzimbeni omncane.
Ucwaningo lwangosayensi lwesimanje lubonisa ukuthi isongo esinjalo siphezulu kakhulu emanzini anesisindo sokuzalwa esingaphansi kwe-2500 g. Ngemuva kwalokho, adluliselwa ekudleni okuqinisiwe, ngisho nalapho isisindo somzimba siphindela esimweni esivamile, ukuphikisana okuthile kuqhubeka: Umama usetshenziselwa ukwedlula ingane - emva kwakho konke wazalwa encane kangaka! Kumelwe sizame ukugwema leli phutha nganoma iyiphi indlela!
Ithiphu
Unayo hero? Okokuqala, unakekele impilo yakho. Yiya kudokotela bese uhlola okuqukethwe kokushukela egazini, yenza ukuhlola igazi kwegazi nge-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated - lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga e-glucose kumadayimandla. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuzalwa komntwana omkhulu kungabhekwa njengesifo esesabekayo sokudla komzimba we-carbohydrate womama ngokwawo futhi kubangele udokotela ukuba akhiphe isifo sikashukela esifanele.
Sibheka ukulahlekelwa nenzuzo
Isisindo, ukuphakama kanye nezinkomba zomntwana ezikhonjisiwe emrekhodini wezokwelapha awakhululwa esibhedlela sokubeletha, njengomthetho, njalo njalo kunaphansi kwalokho azalwa ngakho. Ukunciphisa okunjalo ngesisindo somzimba ngolimi lwezokwelapha kuthiwa ngokomzimba. Ungesabi - lena inqubo yemvelo ehlelwe yendalo. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa neqiniso lokuthi le nkonyana kule nkathi isebenza ngokusobala izinso namathumbu, ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yamanzi equkethwe emzimbeni wengane iqhubekela emaphethelweni angaphezulu kwesikhumba namaphaphu ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, kodwa isadla kancane kakhulu! Phela, ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuqala ingane ayitholi ubisi, kodwa i-colostrum uhlobo lokudla okunomsoco olunamaprotheni amaningi, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate emthamo ophansi. Ngakho ukulahlekelwa kuze kube manje ngokwemvelo kudlula ukugeleza. Nokho, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-5, i-crumb izoqala ukubuyisela okulahlekile.
Into eyinhloko ukuthi isisindo somzimba, isisindo, ukuphakama nesisindo somntwana akufanele sinciphise ngo-6-8%, nokuthi ingane ibuyisela isisindo sayo sokuqala ngosuku lokuphila lwama-7, futhi ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala uyengeza enye 400-600 g, 200-250 g ngesonto. Kodwa ngenyanga yesibili izingane ngokwesilinganiso zizuza u-900-1100 g, zibuyisela ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba, futhi okwesithathu - okungaphezulu kuka-750. Ngenyanga yesine nesikhombisa isisindo somzimba kabili, nangosuku oluphindwe kabili futhi ngokwesilinganiso sifinyelela ku-10.5 kg . Yiqiniso, ekukhuleni kwesisindo, ukuphakama kanye nencazelo yomsana kunemibono ethile. Ngakho-ke, ezincane ezisencane, kwenzeka kancane kakhulu, ngokungafani nezingane ezinkulu. Kuphi, okokuqala, kufanele umama wethu omusha aqondiswe? Yiqiniso, isimo somntwana wabo!
Ithiphu
Ungalokothi uqhathanise nomncane wakho nabanye abantwana babantu abaneminyaka efanayo. Akufanele ucasuke nakancane ngokuthi bangezela ama-gramu anqunyiwe ngokushesha kunomntanakho. Uma ingane iphilile ngokuphelele, ngakho konke kuhamba njengoba kulindeleke!
Silinganisela kahle
Amanye amangqamuzana akholelwa ngokungenangqondo ukuthi akusizi ngalutho ukukala ingane ekhaya, ngokwanele ukuthi yenziwa kanye ngenyanga ngenyanga ye-polyclinic yezingane. Kodwa-ke, izingane zezingane zivele ziqiniseka ukuthi kubalulekile ukuqapha isisindo somntwana njalo. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuguqulwa kwesisindo somzimba phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kuyisibonakaliso esibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni imvuthu!
Zama ukuthola izikali zanamuhla zamakhemikhali ezenzelwe ngqo izingane, futhi unqume ngosizo lwabo isisindo somzimba wengane yakho uma kungenjalo nsuku zonke, okungenani kanye ngesonto! Uma ungakwazi ukuthenga lezi zikali, zingaqashwa.
Ungamane ubhalele i-notebook isisindo, ukuphakama kanye nezinkomba zomntwana, kanye nosuku lokulinganisa kanye nomphumela, kodwa kungcono ukwakha ama-curve wesisindo, njengoba odokotela benza. Amathrekhi anjalo abonisa ngokucacile izinguquko esiswini sesisindo ku-dynamics. Ngikholelwa, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi lapha! Okokuqala, udwebe i-axis enezingqimba, lapho uzobe ubeka khona izinsuku zokuphila kwengane, bese-ngokuqondile, okuzobonisa isisindo somntwana ku-gramu. Ngokuhambisana nemiphumela yokulinganisa, ubhala amaphuzu bese uwaxhuma ndawonye. Ijika lesisindo silungile!
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukala ingane, hhayi ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ngokulandela imithetho ethile!
Yenza lokhu ngesikhathi esithile - mhlawumbe njalo ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla noma ngosuku olufanayo lwesonto. Spoon the diaper futhi ukhumbule ukuthi kunzima kangakanani, bese ubeka imvuthuluka ehambayo futhi ukhumbule umphumela. Ungakhohlwa ukukhipha isisindo se-diaper kuyo ngaphambi kokuyibhala bese uyiphindela eshadini.
Ukukhula okuhleliwe kuphelile
Ingabe ingane ingasaphinde ikhule ngejubane elinjalo lokushaya njengokungathi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Kulula ukubona ngisho nasesimweni sokuguqula nokugeza: kubonakala sengathi nsuku zonke bahlehlisa ngokweqile ngosayizi ngaphambi kwamehlo ethu. Futhi asikwazi ukukhuluma ngezingubo! Kumele agcine sonke isikhathi. Ingane isheshe ikhule ngaphandle kwe-raspashonok entsha ne-sliders entsha. Futhi lokhu akukwazi kodwa ukujabulisa abazali abasha.
Ngonyaka, i-crumb iyenezela u-25 cm (kanti ingqikithi ingaba ngu-75 cm): ngayinye kwezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala - 3 cm, kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-4 ukuya kwezi-6 - 2.5 cm, kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-7 kuya kwezi-9 - 1.5-2 cm, kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-12 - 1 cm.
Abazali abaningi, abajwayele ukugubha phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala ezingu-12 isisindo, ukuphakama nokusebenza kwengane, badumala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: isisindo sezinkomba zokukhula kwesisindo asiyona into emangalisayo. Into eyinhloko ukuthi izibalo zihambisana nonyaka wengane. Kodwa-ke, akunakuphikwa ukulandela inqubo yokukhula konyaka wokuqala - okubandakanyekayo futhi okuthandekayo, futhi okuthakazelisayo kubazali abasanduliwe.
Kanye ngesonto , ukubeka ingane ngemuva, kulinganisa isisindo, ukuphakama nokusebenza kwengane kusukela phezulu kuya esithendeni, ukulungisa imilenze. Qaphela kuphela - ezinyangeni zokuqala imilenze yengane igobile, ngoba isesimweni se-hypertonia yomzimba. Yonke idatha etholakele njalo futhi ngokunembile eqoshiwe kwidayari yokubona ingane. Futhi ungakha futhi ihluzo ngokufanisa nezindinganiso zesisindo. Udokotela wezingane uzothola kuwusizo! Futhi wena ngokwakho ungathola amaphethini athakazelisayo kakhulu.
Isibonelo, uma ulinganisa isisindo, ukuphakama nokusebenza kwengane nsuku zonke ekuseni futhi kusihlwa, kubonakala sengathi ingane ikhula ngokushesha ebusuku.
Kunezinsuku ezihlukene uma ukwanda kokukhula kuyingcosana, bese kufika usuku, lapho umntwana ekhula ngokungazelelwe. Nakuba izinga lokukhula liyehliswa ngobudala, noma kunjalo, entwasahlobo nasehlobo izingane zihanjiswe ngokwengeziwe kunokwindla nobusika.
Uma ngabe ingane yakho izalwa ngo-Mashi, kungenzeka ukuthi izokwandisa ngisho nangaphezulu kunalokho okumele ibe khona, kodwa ekwindla nasebusika ukukhula kwayo kuzoncipha kancane kancane, kanti ngokuvamile ngonyaka uzogijima ku-25 cm ofanayo. Ososayensi bayaqhubeka - njalo akulinganiswanga nje ubude bendikimba yonke yobusana, kodwa futhi nezinyathelo zayo. Kwavela ukuthi zikhula ngezinga elihlukile! Izinyawo nezandla zengane zanda ngokushesha, imilenze engezansi kanye nezibikezelo azikhuli njengenkuthalo, kanti izinyathelo namahlombe zikhula kancane kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu umehluko, ubukhulu bomzimba wengane buguquka kakhulu phakathi nonyaka.
Futhi ingabe ukwehla okuncane kungancipha ekukhuleni? Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani! Iqiniso, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngesonto lokuqala lokuphila. Amapentimitha angaphezu kwamamitha angama-6 ngesikhathi sokuzalwa angavela ngenxa yesifo sokuzala esihlokweni. Lapho ukuvuvukala kwehla, futhi exazulula, kungase kuvele ukuthi ukukhula kwengane, isibonelo, akuyona 53, kodwa 51 cm! Futhi ngezinye izikhathi lezi zentimitha ezingaphezulu ziyabhubha ngoba ikhanda lomntwana, eliye lendlala enkambeni yokubeletha, lithola ifomu langempela, eliyindilinga, ngenxa yokuthi amathambo aqondisa. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala, ingane izothola abalahlekile, ngisho nangaphezulu! Ngakho ungakhathazeki!
Futhi ekugcineni ngingathanda ukusho ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane yakho ikhula kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungeze kanjani isisindo, ukuphakama nokusebenza komntwana, ungakhohlwa ukuthi uyakwenza ngokuhamba kwakhe. Ngenyanga ethile ukuqhuma okuphawulekayo kungenzeka, futhi ngakulandelayo - umntwana uzokhula kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwezinkomba zokukhula kwesisindo, qaphela isimo somntwana jikelele: isifiso sakhe, ukulala, imizwa.