Amathoyizi emvuthu iyisihluthulelo sokwazi umhlaba oseduze nathi. Ngendlela ingane ephumelele ngayo emdlalweni, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo nokuzethemba kwayo kuxhomeke. Ukukhumbula lokhu, abazali ngezizathu ezithile bavame ukukhohlwa ukuthi amathoyizi kufanele agcinwe kahle futhi agcinwe. Uma kungenjalo, bayoba abaqoqa uthuli, ngisho nasekhaya lezinambuzane eziyingozi nama-bacteria. Uyomangala ukubona ukuthi zingaki izifo ezithathelwanayo ezingaphila ezihlakalweni ezijwayelekile kanye nama-rattles! Ososayensi bathola ukuthi: uma kukhona ukungcola okubonakalayo kumathoyizi, khona-ke ebusweni ubukhulu bechashaza elincane lizobhekana namagciwane angama-250 000. Kodwa sizokhuluma kuphela ngesingozi kakhulu kubo.
I-staphylococcus aureus yimbangela yezifo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 ezehlukene ezihambisana nokuvuvukala kwezitho zangaphakathi. Kuyingozi kakhulu i-staphylococcus kwabantwana abasha. I-diphtheria bacillus yi-agent causative yesifo esithathelwanayo, esibhekene nokudakwa okuqine kakhulu kwenyama yonke. Ingena emvelweni wangaphandle ngamathe futhi ingaqhubekela phambili emabhola kanye ne-sovochkah kuze kube amasonto amabili. Futhi kumathoyizi athambile athulile - izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu!
I-wand yaKoch ifihliwe esitokisini somuntu ogulayo futhi ingaba i-causative agent ye-TB. Amakhukhi eKoks asinda emakhasini ezincwadi ezinyangeni ezingu-3, nakuzo amathoyizi - nokuthi isikhathi eside. I-Adenovirus ibangela imfiva, ihambisane nokuvuvukala kwebhubhisi elimangcwaba lephefumula kanye namehlo, i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe. Ama-virus angaphikisana namathoyizi ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Kuze kube ngu-90% yabantu abadala abathintekile ngegciwane le-herpes. Igciwane liphuma kumuntu ogulayo futhi lidluliselwa enempilo ngokusebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amathoyizi. I-Rotavirus ibangela izifo zesigubhu sezinsi. Umthombo wokutheleleka ngumuntu ogulayo. Ngezandla ezingcolile, amabhaktheriya athola amathoyizi nezinye izinto futhi angahlala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngenhlanhla, wonke amabhaktheriya angaba yingozi namagciwane azwela kuma-disinfectants. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwamathoyizi kusiza ukunciphisa ukusabalala kwamagciwane.
Umdlalo ngaphandle kokulimala
Yimiphi imithetho okufanele ilandelwe ukuze amathoyizi alethe imizwa emihle kumntwana nabazali bakhe?
1. Uma uthenga ithoyizi entsha, qaphela amaphakheji ayo - akumele kubonakaliswe.
2. Ungayihlobisa igumbi lomntwana ngamathoyizi athambileyo. Ingane ayinakulinganiswa nobuhle bebhebhe elikhulu le-teddy, kodwa uthuli namabhaktheriya ibhere lizothanda ngempela.
3. Amathoyizi epulasitiki awaqoqi uthuli, amabhaktheriya awahlali kuwo isikhathi eside. Kodwa ithoyizi entsha, ngaphambi kokuba unike ingane encane, kubalulekile ukuyigeza nge-disinfectant eqinisekisiwe.
4. Amathoyizi lapho ingane ehamba khona kufanele agcinwe ngokwehlukana futhi agezwe kabanzi. Ngaphezu kwamabhaktheriya, i-protozoa, ama-parasites, angaphinde angene endlini nabo.
5. Amathoyizi wendlu kufanele agcinwe eziqukathini ezibavikela othulini. Ngezikhathi ezithile, amathoyizi "asekhaya" nawo adinga ukugezwa.
6. Ingane encane, ngokucophelela ukunakekelwa kwamathoyizi. Uma amathoyizi asezingane ezindala kufanele ahlanjwe ngenqubo yokungcola (ngoba udonsa othandekayo ukwanele kanye ngesonto), ama-rattles namanye amathoyizi ezinsana zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, isibonelo ukupheka.
7. Esigabeni esikhethekile sezinyathelo ezifana namapayipi, ama-lip accordions - lokho izingane ezithatha emilonyeni yazo. Ngabo, izifo ezihlukahlukene zezifo ezihlukahlukene zidluliselwa ikakhulukazi. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinathoyizi azikwazi ukunikezwa ezinganeni ezingakemukwanga. Ngisho noma ingane iphilile, amabhaktheriya abangela ukugodla angaphila emgodini womlomo.
8. Cela izingane ezindala ukuthi zithathe amathoyizi amancane kuphela ngezandla ezihlanzekile, ngoba amabhaktheriya angeke ayingozi kubantu abadala angabangela ukutheleleka emntwaneni.
9. Ngokunakekelwa ngokukhethekile, kufanele sihlanze amathoyizi avakashelwe ingane emaphoyiseni. Iningi lama-bacterium kanye namagciwane angaphikelela phezu kwamathoyizi epulasitiki izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili. Futhi, ukuthi esitokisini kwakukhona amabhaktheriya, kwanele kubo, nje ukuthinta noma ukukhwehlela eduze kwabo. Ukutadisha okuncane lapho kukhona khona izinambuzane ezinobungozi ezingase zibe yingozi, eqhutshwa e-United States, kubonise ukuthi 20% yazo zonke amathoyizi ahlolwe esibhedlela atholakala amagciwane.
Indawo lapho ingane idlala khona, hlambulula ngokucophelela. Geza phansi ngesisombululo, ngoba izingane zithanda ukudlala phansi futhi zivame ukuphonsa ama-rattles nama-dice kuso. Uma i-carpet ihlala e-nursery, khona-ke emasontweni amabili iqoqa iziglasi ezimbili zothuli. Ngakho-ke, amaphepathi, futhi, kufanele athathwe ngezikhathi ezithile elangeni noma ahlanzwe ngesisombululo somshini wokubulala amagciwane.
Gcina amathoyizi kangcono ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki ezivaliwe, kanye kanye ngesonto kumele zihlanjwe ngesisombululo, zihlanjululwe kahle futhi zome.
Amathoyizi ahamba ngezinyawo, ugeze esixazululweni esibuthakathaka ukuze amabhaktheriya nezinambuzane zingangeni endlini.