I-cerebral palsy yezingane ivame ukubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa noma isifo endaweni yengqondo, elawula ukuhamba kwemisipha ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokubeletha. Ucwaningo lwesayensi luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu base-Asia, ikakhulukazi, iSri Lanka neSouth India, bavame ukubhekana ne-CP. Izinga eliphezulu le-melanin esikhumbeni likhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, okusheshisa ukuqala kwesifo.
Izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwengqondo encane
Ngokujwayelekile, ukukhubazeka kwengane encane kungatholakala kalula eminyakeni engu-3 yokuphila kwengane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lesi sifo singatholakala ezinsana (kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-3). Ukubonakaliswa kanye nezimpawu zokukhubazeka ngabanye. Kodwa-ke, singakwazi ukubona izimpawu eziningana zesifo:
- Ukuhlanganiswa komsebenzi wemisipha ngesikhathi kuqhutshwa ukunyakaza kokuqala kuthukuthele.
- Ukuhlaselwa lapho uhamba ngezinyawo (kufanele kube ngezinyawo ezigcwele).
- I-muscle spasticity iyinkani noma i-muscle spasm ne-reflexes engaphezu kokucindezeleka.
- Ukungakwazi ukulinganisela.
- Ukushaya izinyawo.
- Ithembo le-muscle elikhululekile noma elicindezelekile.
- I-gain engafanele, ephazamisayo.
- Ezinganeni ezinenkinga yokukhubazeka ekhulelwe, umzimba ukhululekile noma, ngokuphambene, ukhululekile, okungahambi kahle. Inhloko encane, umhlathi ophansi ongathuthuki, ukuvinjelwa komgogodla yiziphambeko zesisu ezihambisana nalesi sifo.
- Kwezinye izingane, i-cerebral palsy iqala ngenxa yesifo esibucayi esithathelwanayo ebuchosheni lapho isencane, isibonelo, i-bacterial meningitis.
- Lezi zimpawu zokukhubazeka okungenakuhlala zingashintshi noma zanda njengoba ingane ikhula.
- Ukuphazamiseka okunjalo nokugula njengokukhubazeka kokufunda, ukuphuza kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka kwenkulumo, ukuwa nesithuthwane, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuhlukumeza kanye nabanye, okubizwa nangokuthi izimpawu zokuqala, zivamile.
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kubangelwa nokulimala kakhudlwana kwengqondo noma okulimazayo.
Izimbangela ze-cerebral palsy
Kuze kube manje, isizathu esiqondile sokuphefumula kwe-cerebral palsy asikasungulwa. Futhi nakuba sekudlule amashumi eminyaka odokotela bexoxa ngalolu daba, abazange bathole impendulo yekhonkrithi. Kuyinto evamile ukuhlanganisa lesi siphambeko ngezinkinga eziningi, hhayi ngesifo esisodwa.
Masiqokomise izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhubazeka:
- Amathuba okukhubazeka kwesifo sofuba aphezulu kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphambi kwesikhathi kunasezinsana ezigcwele.
- Ngamawele noma kathathu, isisindo sokuzalwa siphansi, okwenza izinsana zibe zengozini yokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
- Ikakhulukazi isifo lesi sifo yizingane ezine-traumatic birth, noma eziye zaphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
- Amathuba okuba nokukhubazeka aphakeme kulabo bantwana abaye bahlushwa i-meningitis, i-craniocerebral trauma noma i-cerebral hemorrhage.
- Uma kukhona ukulimala kwe-cerebral emva kokubeletha, uma ingane isesitokisini samaviki amane noma ngaphezulu, noma ingahlali emizini yokuqala emihlanu yokuphila, amathuba okutheleleka akhula, ngakho-ke ingozi yokukhubazeka.
- Ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa kumntanami kusukela kumama ngesikhathi nangemva kokuzalwa - kungabangela nokuba kuvele ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
- Amathuba okutholakala kokukhubazeka kwesifo sofuba akhuphuka ngenxa yokusebenzisa ama-analgesics ekubonisweni kwe-fetus noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngesikhathi sokutheleleka.
Isizathu esiqondile se-cerebral palsy asicaci kuleso simo ngasinye.
Ukwelashwa kokukhubazeka
Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, kepha kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa isimo somntwana ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kwe-cerebral palsy kwenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa ukuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi yengqondo nangokwenyama, okuyokwenza ukunciphisa ubunzima bephutha lezinzwa. Ukwelashwa kwezisebenzi kanye nokwelapha ngokomzimba kusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komzimba. Ukwelashwa ezinyathelweni zokuqala kunganqoba kancane kancane amaphutha ekuthuthukiseni, kusiza ukufunda ukwenza imisebenzi edingekayo nezenzo. Njengoba ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele yokukhubazeka, ingane ikwazi ukufunda ukuphila impilo evamile.
Izindlela ezikhona zokwelashwa kwe-cerebral palsy:
- Amakilasi anomuthi wezinkulumo (therapy therapy) - usizo lokubhekana nezinkinga zokubambisana kwemisindo nokudla ukudla, funda ukulawula imisipha emlonyeni.
- Ukwelashwa kwezisebenzi kanye ne-physiotherapy - kusiza ukwenza imisebenzi yomzimba ibe namandla futhi wamukele ukulinganiselwa komuntu okubekwe yisifo ukuze isiguli singabangela impilo engaphansi kokuzimela esikhathini esizayo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zamathambo, ngokwesibonelo, okuyisisekelo.
- Imithi yokwelashwa kusiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nobuhlungu be-muscle, ukulawula ama-cramps.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlalo zabakhubazekile.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi okuxhumana, njengamakhompiyutha kanye nama-synthesizers enkulumo.
- Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ukuze uphumule imisipha ejulile futhi ulungise ukukhubazeka okwenziwe nge-anatomical.