Ngiphefumula!
Ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha, ingane iqala ukuphefumula yedwa - lokhu kusho ukuthi akukhona nje ukuthi amaphaphu kodwa futhi yonke isimiso senhliziyo senzeka emsebenzini. I-reflex yokuphefumula ibonakala ezinganeni eziningi zingakapheli imizuzwana engu-10-15 ngemva kokuzalwa. Umzimba omncane udinga lesi sikhathi esincane sesikhathi sokuba i-perestroika iphefumule yedwa, ngoba izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye uMama waphefumulela. Akubalulekile nakancane ukuthi ingane ikhale ngokukhamuluka - indodana yami ephakathi, isibonelo, ukuhlanza ngokuthula ngemva kokuzalwa. Ungakhohlwa ukubingelela lo mbhalo: "Sawubona, othandekayo wethu, njengoba sesilinde isikhathi eside! Njengoba sijabula ngokuthi uzalwe! "I-apparatus yokuphefumula yezimpumputhe, ihlinzeka nge-oksijini egazini, isebenza kakhulu ngenkuthalo: kusana olusanda kuzalwa liyi-14% yesisindo somzimba, kumuntu omdala - angabi ngaphezu kuka-6% .Kungakho ukuphefumula komntwana ekuqaleni kungalingani futhi kujulile, kuba ngokuphindaphindiwe nanoma yikuphi ukuzijabulisa noma ukungabi khona kwe-oksijeni.Umoya onomoya ozolile unyaka ka-120-140, futhi uma ukhaluma kungukufika kwezingu-200 ngomzuzu. Ngesikhathi sokuphela kwehora lokuqala lokuphila, inhliziyo yomzimba "yokweqa ngokweqile" (ukukhuliswa kwenhliziyo nokuziqhenya, isilinganiso senhliziyo), isistimu ye-cardiovascular ifika kancane kancane kujwayelekile.
I-nodule yenkumbulo
Ngemuva kwe-inhalation yokuqala, zombili izingxenye zamaphaphu emntwaneni zivuleka, futhi ukunikezwa kwegazi kuguqulela "ukuma" - igazi, elingaphansi kwe-oksijeni, ligeleza manje kusukela enhliziyweni kuya emaphashini, hhayi ku-cord umbilical, njengangaphambili. Umsebenzi wezintambo zomzimba, owachitha isikhathi eside phakathi kwegazi nomama, ukuletha i-oksijeni kumntanakho, izakhi, amavithamini, futhi ukukhipha imithi encane ye "ngokweqile", aphelelwe yinto engapheli lutho.Uphi futhi osika intambo yomzimba? Ekuzalweni, le mishini ngezinye izikhathi yenziwa ngupapa, kodwa ikakhulukazi - umbelethisi (ubeka isikhwama sokuhlunga esikhethekile.) Kodwa lapho ingane izalwa khona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi intambo igawulwe kuphela emva kokuyeka ukuqhuma: intambo yokudonsa inikeza ingane i-placenta yomzimba owenziwe nge-oxygen (ngisho noma isikhathi sokuqala sokuphuza i-inhalation sihlala isikhathi eside) futhi kuvimbela izinkinga eziyingozi (i-oksijeni yindlala, i-anemia, ne-pathological jaundice yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa) ngenxa yokunikezwa kwensimbi eyengeziwe emzimbeni. Emitholampilo ehambisana nemibono yanamuhla umthambo we-umbilical awuyena ngemuva kokungena kokuqala kwengane, kodwa emva kokuba i-pulsation yegazi igweme (emva kwemizuzu emihlanu kuya kwemihlanu emva kokubeletha): lokhu akubanga ukucindezeleka emntwaneni. Futhi akufanele ube nemizwa emibi: azikho iziphetho zezinzwa emgqeni we-umbilical, ngakho-ke le nqubo ayibuhlungu.
Umsindo, ukukhanya, ukushisa
Ukuqala ukuphefumulela ngokuzimela, ingane izama ukujwayela nokushintshashintsha kokushisa kwemvelo yakhe (emathunzini omama yayihlala ifudumala futhi ikhululekile), nokuba khona kwemisindo emisha (ngaphambili ezwe izwi lomama noma ubaba kuphela) kanye nezinga elihlukile lokukhanya isikhala nxazonke. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi kanye namandla okugwedla amandla enza into encane egijima izinyanga ezingu-9 endaweni yemvelo enobungane ngaphandle kokuzwa izinzwa ezinjalo - kunzima futhi ukuzijwayeza ngemizuzu emihlanu. Yingakho, ukuze ingane iguquke ngokuvumelana nezwe lethu lezinto ezibonakalayo, ukukhanya okungenakuqhathaniswa, amazwi athule kanye nesimo sengqondo sokucabangela lapho kwenziwa "izinqubo ezidingekayo." Noma kunjalo, akucaci ukuthi kungani emitholampilo yethu i-crumb iqhutshwa masinyane esikalini futhi inyathelo lokukhula , ngokungaqondisi kahle izingalo nemilenze yakhe, okungenakuphilisa ngokuphelele, ngoba ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 nehora kamuva ukuphakama nesisindo sakhe kuzofana nokuzalwa. Futhi kuyaziwa ukuthi izakhiwo zokulwa ne-antibacterial ye-grease yokuqala zifana nezimfanelo ezifanayo ze-thoracic ubisi, ngakho-ke ukususwa kokuqala kwe-lubricant (ngokushesha emva kokubeletha, njengokwezifiso emitholampilo) kungabangela ukutheleleka kwengane. Kuqinisekile ukuthi izingane ezingakafiki zivame ukutholakala nokushisa okungaphezu kwalabo abazalwa ngesikhathi - ngakho-ke, ukuhlakanipha ngokuhlakanipha kuvikela ubuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke akuyona into engathandeki ukugeza noma ukusula ngokushesha lapho sekubeletha, futhi usana luzofudumala kangcono (i-thermoregulation ingaphelele ngokuphelele ngenxa yezinto eziphawulekayo zesimetabolism) uma ilele esiswini sikamama.
Nesterilno!
Umsebenzi wokuvinjelwa kwesikhumba kanye nezibungu ezinamaqanda ngesikhathi sokuzalwa akupheleli kakhulu. Ngeke kube ngenye indlela, ngoba iminithi eyedlule ingane yayisinyumba! Nakuba igama elithi "ngokuphelele" alifaneleki kahle, isikhumba namangqamuzana omuncu wengane ahlala emithonjeni yomkhumbi womama ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kodwa isimo se-bacterial umama sesivele sijwayele ingane, unina nomntwana banezifo ezifanayo ze-immune antibodies. ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane kudinga ukuxhumana kuphela nonina.Sizophinde sikhumbule ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kokuqala esifubeni (phakathi nehora lokuqala lokuphila) nokuthola amaconsi ambalwa we-colostrum usizo ekusunguleni umthamo omuhle wamathumbu wengane, bese-ke i-EU empeleni, ukwakha izici zomuntu wengane yakho yonke impilo yakhe, futhi umama le nqubo iyasiza kakhulu: ukudla ngokushesha ngemuva kokubeletha (nokuvuselela kwendawo yengono) kunomthelela ekwandeni okusheshayo kumthamo wobisi lwebele futhi kunomthelela owenziwe ekunciphiseni isibeletho (ukubuyela kwayo evamile, ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, usayizi), okubaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiselweni okuhambisanayo kwensimu yokulethwa kwezinsikazi.
Okubaluleke ngaphezu kwemoya
Ungakholelwa ukuthi umntwana osanda kubona lutho, angazwanga, akazwa sengathi uyakhulunywa futhi udidekile ngalokho okwenzekile. Mhlawumbe umzimba awusebenzi ngamandla onke, kodwa ingane manje ubumbano, iqoqo lemizwa engavamile, izinzwa nokuhlangenwe nakho. Futhi ukufudumala komzimba kamama, umuzwa wokusondelana naye uyokwenza kube lula ukuvumelanisa ngokushesha futhi kalula nezimo ezintsha zokuphila. Ezinganeni ezisekuqaleni kwemizuzu yokuphila eduze komama wazo ekukhanyeni okuncane nokuthula, ukuphefumula, ukujikeleza kwegazi nokushisa kwesikhumba kuqiniswa. Ngemva kokuphefumula nokuphumula emva kwezinhlobo, ingane iqala ukuguqula ikhanda, ukuhambisa izimbambo nemilenze. Kunconywa ukuba uyifake ngokushesha kumama onqunu esiswini - lokhu kuphendulela ku-reflex yokusesha, futhi inyane lingathola isifuba sikamama ngaphandle kosizo, bese ulusisa. Lena yimizuzu yokuqala yokuzijwayeza, ukuqashelwa komunye nomunye ngamagcekeni amabili omhlaba wonke osanda kuzalwa - umama nengane. Futhi kubalulekile ukuthi okunamathiselwe kokuqala esibelethweni akukwenziwe ngokomthetho (okusetshenziselwa ngokushesha, kususwe masinyane, ngokuvamile kwenzeka). Ngaphambi kwesikhathi, xoxani ngaleli phuzu nabasebenzi bezokwelapha, okwenza umqondo kulesi sici. Kokubili ingane kanye nomama, ukufaka isicelo esifubeni ngesikhathi sokuqala kwemizuzu engama-30 emva kokuzalwa kuyisignali yokuthi "konke kuhle, indiza evamile, zonke izinhlelo zisebenza ngendlela evamile." Kukhona okuthiwa yi-imprinting (i-imprinting esheshayo) - ifomu elisheshayo nelingagwemeki ukukhanda ngekhanda, okubonwa kuphela emahoreni okuqala okuphila. Okwamanje, kusungulwe izibopho eziseduze, lapho kuxhomeke khona ukunamathela kwengane kumama nomqondo womama womama.
Ukusebenza kokuqala
Nakhu ukuthi isethi esimisiwe salokho abasebenzi bekhaya lokubeletha kubonakala kubantwana abasha:
■ ukuhlanza umuthi wokuphefumula, umlomo kanye ne-nasopharynx kusuka kumasiki kanye ne-amniotic fluid nge-catheter ekhethekile;
■ ukunamathiswa kwesibhamu (ukuphoqa) emgqeni we-umbilical, bese uyisisika;
■ ukususwa kwe-lubricant yobudala obuningi bokuqala kusukela esikhumbeni somntwana nge-wipe oyinyumba;
■ ukulinganisa isisindo somzimba nokuphakama, umgogodla wesifuba nentloko yengane;
■ ukugqoka (swaddling) usana olusenayo i-diaper efudumele ukuze ugweme ukuphuza ngokweqile;
■ i-prophylaxis ye-blenorrhea (isifo se-iso esithathelwanayo) - ukugxilwa kwe-albucid noma i-levomecitin yehla emehlweni noma ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okubulala ama-antibiotics;
■ ukufaka amaconsi angu-1-2 kwe-1-2% isisombululo se-nitrate yesiliva emantombazaneni emkhakheni wezocansi;
■ ukuhlola isimo somntwana esikalini se-Apgar;
■ futhi, yebo, ngaphambi, emva noma ngisho nangesikhathi imisebenzi yezokwelapha yezingane ikukhombisa - ama heroines namuhla!