I-genre Streptocarpus iningi futhi inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zezitshalo, zingabomndeni wakwaGesnerian. Ukusatshalaliswa kwabo kwamukelwa e-Asia, e-Afrika, nasesiqhingini saseMadagascar. Yaziwa le genus inezinkulungwane ezingu-150. Phakathi kwalolu hlobo lwezakhi ungathola kokubili izitshalo ezincane nezihlahla zezitshalo ezinomsoco, ezinezitshalo elilodwa kuphela kuya kumitha eyodwa ubude nezimbali ezincane ku-peduncle. Kunezikhathi zombili zonyaka nezikhathi zokuphela. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zesikhathi eside, isibonelo, i-streptocarpus yasebukhosini, okuyi-progenitor yenani elikhulu lamafomu hybrid.
I-Streptocarpus isitshalo se-rosette, esenza, njengeSenpolia, sinomphumela omfushane. Amaqabunga awo asuke ashicilela kakhulu, aphikisiwe futhi avulekile ngosayizi: ububanzi bufinyelela ku-7 cm ubude futhi ubude bube ngu-30 cm ubude. Imibala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-mottled. On peduncles high kukhona izimbali, eyodwa noma ezimbili, kule axils amaqabunga, zingasetshenziswa ukusika. I-corolla ingaba ngu-2 cm ububanzi, okwenziwe umculi we-tubular. Ezitshalweni ezibandayo, izimbali zivame ukukhudlwana, ububanzi buba ngu-4 cm, nalabo abane-bend - kufika ku-8 cm, nakuba kunezici ezincane. I-Corolla emihlanu eboshwe nge-lobes engalingani, ezimbili ezincane ezingaphansi kwezintathu eziphansi. Umbala wakhe u-lilac ophaphathekile, kodwa ngezimpawu ezibomvu ezibomvu emqaleni nasemgodini. Njengamanje, ezinye zezilwane kakade zinemibala emhlophe ehlanzekile ngeso eliphuzi, elibomvu, elibomvu ngisho nembala emibili. Ngezinye izikhathi kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinemiphetho ye-wavy emagumbini, noma i-terry.
Ukunakekela isitshalo
Ukukhanyisa. Ezikhathini zasehlobo, izitshalo zasendlini ze-streptocarpus zikhetha ukukhanya okukhanyayo kakhulu futhi okusabalalisa, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhula nokucwilisa. Njengezitshalo eziningi, zikhule kahle kumafasitela asentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Ehlangothini oluseningizimu, isitshalo sidinga ukuthunjwa, futhi ohlangothini olusenyakatho, kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kube nokukhanya okwanele.
Umbuso wokushisa. Ukushisa kwemoya embi kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti kufanele kube kufudumele kakhulu - + 20-25ะก. Phakathi nonyaka wonke, izinga lokushisa liyancipha libe ngu-15-17C.
Ukunisela. Esikhathini esifudumele nesentwasahlobo, izitshalo ze-streptocarpus ziyanciphisa kancane, okuvumela inhlabathi ukuba yomile kancane ebhodweni, kodwa akufanele kube khona ukudoba isikhathi eside. Kusukela ngo-Septhemba, ukuchelela kusancipha, futhi ebusika kukhona ukuphuza kakhulu. Amanzi okunisela anomphela, izinga lokushisa kwalo kufanele lifana nokushisa ekamelweni. Ukunisela i-streptocarpus kumele kube yinto enembile kakhulu, njengoba kungavumi ukubekezelela amanzi.
Ukunciphisa. Uma umoya ohlala endlini usomile, khona-ke amathiphu amaqabunga angase aqale ukoma. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kumele bathelelwe ummese obukhali, bebeke phezu kwendawo ephansi. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa izikhali, njengoba zifake ishidi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-Streptocarpus - izitshalo zifuna kakhulu ukudla kwazo. Uma kunenkathi ekhulayo, kubalulekile ukutshala umanyolo obunzima wamaminerali, udle zonke izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Kuyinto efiselekayo kuma streptocarpuses amancane ukwenza ukufakelwa njalo ngonyaka, entwasahlobo. Abantu abadala kuphela njengoba kudingeka, kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya emine.
Izimbiza azisebenzisi ngokujulile futhi ngobubanzi obubanzi.
Ngokuqondene ne-substrate, ingenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Indlela yokuqala iyinhlanganisela yomhlaba ohlaza (izingxenye ezimbili), i-turf ekhanyayo (ingxenye engu-1) nesihlabathi se-half-piece. Indlela yesibili enezithako ezifanayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukwengeza enye ingxenye yomhlaba we-humus, futhi i-sod yokwandisa ibe izingxenye ezintathu, udinga isihlabathi esincane kakhulu - ingxenye eyodwa. Esikhathini somxube womhlabathi futhi emanzini okudinga kuyadingeka ukwengeza amalahle. Uma ufisa, ungasebenzisa ingxube esitolo, isibonelo, ingxube ye-senpolia ifanelekile. Uma isitshalo selincane, akusikho isidingo sokwengeza ingxube ye-sod.
Ukukhiqiza. Lezi zindlovu zivame ngezindlela ezimbili - izitshalo nezitshalo.
Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukaniswa: Kubalulekile ukukhipha isitshalo esikhulile emhlabeni omanzi, unqume ingxenye yayo, lapho kuzoba khona amaqabunga kanye nezimpande ezigxilile. Sika indawo ukuze uyomile bese ufafaza ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Esigodini ukugcwalisa i-substrate entsha, kancane ngaphezu kwesigamu, ufake i-outlet ehlukile futhi uthele inhlabathi ezingeni lempande, ngenkathi isitshalo kumele sibe ne-dent and water. Ekuqaleni, izitshalo ezitshalwe zihlanganiswe nefilimu ukuze zithuthukiswe kangcono. Amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu kufanele asuswe noma ancishwe isigamu. Lokhu kuzokwenyusa ukukhula kwamaqabunga amasha amasha. Isikhathi esincane sizodlula futhi izitshalo ezincane zizoqhakaza.
Uma usakazwa yizimbewu , ke lokhu kwenziwa ngendlela elandelayo: imbewu ihlwanyelwa ebhodweni elincane; Ukutshala okujulile akudingekile, vele utshale phezu kwe-substrate; bese igcwele ifilimu. Nisela amanzi epanini. Isiqukathi kumele sifakwe endaweni ekhanyayo nendawo encane, lapho ihluma khona. Nsuku zonke, ibhodlela kufanele liphuze umoya, njengoba amahlumela adinga oksijini. Ukushisa okudingekayo ekudubula okuhle kuyinto + 21C. Ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa okufanako ekhaya kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke amathreyi anezinhlamvu afaka iphepha elingaphezulu. Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwifasiteleni kuzobe kunjalo, ngakho-ke kuyisifiso sokufaka isitsha ngenhlumela ebusini ngaphansi kwezibani.
Inyanga nengxenye ngemva kokuvela kwamahlumela, le filimu ishukumiswa, bese ihlanzwa ngokuphelele. Izithombo zidinga amakhekhe. Ukukhethwa kokuqala kwenziwa esitsheni esikhulu, lapho izitshalo zitshala khona ukuthuthukiswa kwazo mahhala. Ukuqoqa izitshalo ezincane kufanele kube ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwempande. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-spatula yamapulangwe ene-slot. Isiqu sesitshalo sokubamba iminwe asikhuthazwa, ngoba sengozini enkulu ngale ndlela. Emva kokufakelwa kabusha, inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo iyahlanganiswa. Ngemva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo sinisela futhi siswe endaweni efudumele, futhi siphinde sihlanganiswe nefilimu. Uma kukhona ukhetho lwesibili, kuyadingeka ukutshala kakade emabhokisini ngamanye. Uma kukhona igumbi elanele ekamelweni, ukukhethwa kokuqala kungenziwa kakade ezimbizeni ezihlukene, kudingekile ukuthi ushintshe inani le-substrate. Ukukhula kwezithombo kuthonywa kakhulu ngokudla. Imbewu ingatshala izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, futhi isitshalo singakhula ezinyangeni ezahlukene. Uma isitshalo siphelile ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari, ngo-Julayi-Septemba i-streptocarpus izoqhakaza, uma itshalwe ehlobo, izobe ikhula ngo-Ephreli noma ngemuva kwesikhathi esincane.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
- Uma i-streptocarpus ibonakala ibolile, cishe, isitshalo sinomswakama okweqile.
- Uma izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe liphezulu ngokweqile, khona-ke amafihlethi abe mnyama.
- Uma amathiphu amaqabunga abhakawa, khona-ke akukho umswakama okwanele, noma ukuchelela okuningi.
- I-spider mite, i-scutellum, i-thrips, i-whitefly noma i-mealybug ingalimaza isitshalo.