Izidakamizwa yizitshalo ezinomsoco, zifinyelela ku-60-80 cm ukuphakama; ezikhula iminyaka eminingi. Abameli baleli gciwane banezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezinamaqabunga e-ayisikhilimu, ama-pink ne-green ahlala eceleni kweqabunga. Iqabunga leqabunga liqondiswa njalo elangeni.
Ama-stromants adinga izimo ezikhethekile zokulondeka, azibekezeli ukushisa okubandayo, angabeki ukushisa okuphansi, isibonelo, ngezansi kwe-18 ° C, uhlupheka ngaphansi kwezimo zomoya omile. Iningi lezitshalo ezincane ziyizitshalo ezinkulu, ngakho zikhula ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu nezindawo zokuhlala.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa.
Ukukhanyisa. Izitshalo zangaphandle ze-stromant ezifana nokukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, entwasahlobo nasehlobo azidluliselanga imisebe yelanga. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okuhle. Khumbula ukuthi umbala nosayizi wamahlamvu we-stromant kuxhomeke ekuvikelweni kwesitshalo kusuka elangeni. Ngakho-ke, ngokukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, noma ngokuntuleka kwayo, amaqabunga angalahlekelwa umbala wawo wemvelo, futhi indawo yeqabunga leqabunga lizokwehla. I-Stramanta ikhula kahle emafasiteleni asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Endabeni yokukhula eduze kwefasitela eliseningizimu, qiniseka ukudala umthunzi. Lezi zindlu ziphendula ngendlela evamile ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo. Kutuswa ukusebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent ngamahora angu-16 ngosuku.
Umbuso wokushisa. Etshaleni nasehlobo, izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke le-plant elimangalisayo libhekwa njenge-22-27 ° C, ubusuku kufanele bube buhle kakhulu. Esikhathini esibandayo, izinga lokushisa lihle kusuka ku-18 kuya ku-20 ° C, hhayi ngaphansi. Ukuhlukunyezwa kuyingozi empandeni, ngakho-ke isitshalo sonke. Ama-stromants awabekezelelani ama-drafts nezinguquko zokushisa.
Ukunisela. Amanzi kufanele abe abanzi, enikeza ungqimba ophezulu we-substrate owomile. Ebusika nasekwindla, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise. Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele, athambile, agcinwe kahle. Ungagodli, ungasondeli inhlabathi. Ungagcini i-supercool uhlelo lwempande le-stromant.
Ukungcola komoya. I-stromant - izitshalo ezikhetha umswakama ophezulu womoya - 70-90%, ngakho-ke kufanele uzifafaze ngezikhathi ezithile nge-spray encane kulo nyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi agcinwe kahle noma ahlungiwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Uma ubeka ibhodlela ngesitshalo, khetha indawo lapho umswakama womoya uphezulu khona. Uma igumbi lomoya omile kakhulu, i-stromant idinga ukufakwa izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku. Ukuze ukwandise umswakama eduze nesitshalo, faka ibhodlela epanethi egcwele i-claydite emanzi, ama-moss noma amatshe amatshe ukuze phansi kwamanzi kungathinti amanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi isikhwama seplastiki sifakwa esihlahleni sobusuku ukugcina umswakama uphakeme. I-Stromanty izwa kahle ezinhlelweni eziqhamukayo, izindawo ezincane zokugcina izithombo, izindawo zasendle.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenzeka ngenkathi kuphuma entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla ngxube lwezinyosi ezimbiwa ngamaminerali ezihlanjululwe izikhathi ezingu-2, ngoba i-stromant ibucayi kakhulu ngokweqile emhlabathini, kuhlanganise ne-calcium. Isikhathi sokugqoka okuphezulu - izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zitshalwe njalo ngonyaka. Kubantu abadala kuwanele ngeminyaka emibili, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthululela inhlabathi entsha embizeni njalo ngonyaka. Inqubo yokufakelwa yenziwa ehlobo noma entwasahlobo, isusa amahlamvu endala afile. Isiqukathi se-stromant kufanele sikhethwe phezulu, ngokuya ngobukhulu besistimu yempande. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe namahlaya, ingabonakali, ibeke kahle kakhulu, isabela ngendlela encane (pH ngezansi 6). Ingxube ehlanganisa umhlaba weqabunga, isanti ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso se-2: 1: 1 kufanelekile. Kuyo, amalahle achotshoziwe uyanezelwa. I-substrate nayo isetshenziselwa kusuka kuma-humus (ingxenye engu-1) neqabunga lomhlaba (1 h), isihlabathi (0.5 h) ne-peat (1 h). Kusukela ekuxukeni kwezentengiselwano, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-substrate ye-manate noma izaleas. Abanye abalimi batusa ukuxuba okulungiselelwe kwezindebe. Kudingeka amanzi ahlanzekile: 1/4 womthamo.
Ukukhiqiza. I-stromant ikhiqiza izitshalo ngokwemvelo ngokuqothula ama-cuttings nokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ukuhlukaniswa kwehlathi kuqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha: izibonelo ezinkulu zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela zibe izitshalo ezintsha ezingu-2-3. Zama ukungalimazi izimpande. Bese etshala endaweni engaphansi kwe-peat futhi kuphuziswa kakhulu ngamanzi afudumele. Ukuchelela okulandelayo kuyenziwa ngemuva kokumiswa kwengqimba engenhla ye-substrate. Izimbiza zimbozwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki, zibopha, zifaka endaweni efudumele ukuze lesi sitshalo siqinise futhi sinike amaqabunga amasha.
Ukukhiqizwa nge-cutical cuttings kwenziwa ehlobo noma entwasahlobo. Ukusika amahlumela amancane we-stromant kunqunywa ngale njongo. Ukusika ngamunye kufanele kube ngu-7-10 cm ubude futhi uthwale amaqabunga amabili. Ukusika kwenziwa kancane ngaphansi kweshidi. Bese usike ama-cuttings abekwe esitsheni samanzi. Umthamo ngokwawo ungafakwa esikhwameni seplastiki noma ibhulashi elincane. Izimpande zivela emavikini angaba ngu-5-6. Ukuvuthwa komzimba kuhle kakhulu ku-teplichkah enomswakama ophezulu nokushisa. Khona-ke ama-cuttings aqothulisiwe kufanele atshalwe ku-substrate esekelwe ku-peat.
Izinkinga zokunakekelwa.
- Uma iziqu ziba yi-lethargic futhi ziqala ukubola, khona-ke izinga eliphezulu lokushisa elinomswakama ophezulu.
- Uma amathiphu amaqabunga abe mnyama futhi asomile, futhi ukukhula kwesitshalo kunciphisa, kusho ukuthi igumbi lomoya omile kakhulu. Esinye imbangela singase sibe umonakalo omkhulu nge-spider mite.
- Uma amathiphu amaqabunga athola i-hue enombala obomvu, khona-ke isitshalo sinomuzwa owengeziwe noma ukuntuleka kwezakhi.
- Uma kukhona amabala emaqabunga, futhi avaliwe, bese ukuphuza, akwanele. Inhlabathi akufanele ibe ngamanzi, kodwa kuphela emanzini.
- Uma amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala futhi aqala ukuma, khona-ke ukukhanya kwelanga kukhulu kakhulu ngenxa ye-stromant.
- Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuwa, kusho ukuthi igumbi kungaba umoya omile kakhulu noma ukuchelela okunamandla. Lesi sitshalo asibekezelelisi umhlabathi we-silt.
- Izinambuzane: isikhumba, isicabucabu, i-whitefly, i-mealybug.