I-Davallia isitshalo se-epiphytic esihlala isikhathi eside, i-rhizome yayo enwabuzelayo, eyinyama, ehlangene, egcwele izilinganiso zamafomu ahlukahlukene. Amaqabunga asitshalo asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo, aqinile, ahlambalaza, anesithombeni, angaba nemimoya ehlukene kusukela ezinxantathu ukuya emincane. Ngenxa yokuvela kwamaqabunga, i-davallia ibizwa ngokuthi unyawo lwe-hare. I-Petiolus ende, ibushelelezi. I-sporangia eyindilinga, etholakala enhlokweni yemithanjeni yamahhala; I-goblet isakazeka emaphethelweni amaqabunga.
Izitshalo zangaphandle u-davaliya (i-paw's paw) zikhula kahle ngesimo sezitshalo ze-ampel, ngoba ama-rhizomes ezinwele zezinyosi eziwa ngobomvu bawo abukeka exotic. Ngosizo luka-davallia kuhle ukudala izingoma ze-epiphytic.
Izinhlobo zika-davallia.
Canary davaliya - isitshalo esingapheli esingasetshenziswa (esaziwa nangokuthi i-Canarian Trichomanes). Ikhula eNyakatho Afrika, e-Peninsula yase-Iberia, e-Canary Islands. I-rhizome yesitshalo ilukhuni, iqondile, ihlanganiswe namaqabunga e-subulate asezingeni elimnyama. Amahlamvu anesikhumba, izikhathi ezine kakhulu-ahlukaniswe, ubude bukhula bube ngamasentimitha angu-30-45, ububanzi buyi-22-30 amentimitha. Amagqabha aphezulu kakhulu, ashisa, ahlukaniswe, a-oval-rhomboid. I-petiolus iqonde, ikhula kuze kube ubude bamamitha angu-10-20. I-Sporangia ingenakubalwa, eqoqwe phezulu, ekhona kakhulu, ehlanganisiwe. Umbono wokuhlobisa. Igumbi elipholile lifanelekile kulesi sitshalo.
I-dense davaliya - isitshalo esingapheli esingasetshenziswa. Izwe lomdabu lalezi zinhlobo yiPolynesia, e-Australia, i-Malay Archipelago, i-Malacca Peninsula. I-rhizome i-woody, ilula, ihlanganiswe nama-filiform esikali. Amagqabha ahlangene nantathu, aphindwe kathathu, ubude buba ngamasentimitha angama-30-50, ububanzi buba ngamapentimitha angu-15-25. Amapheshana ahambisanayo, aphethwe kahle; i-dentate, oyinyumba eyonakele; Zine-sporangium eyodwa ku-lobe ngayinye.
I-Quark ensundu, icwebezelayo, ubude bufinyelela ku-30 cm. Izilwane ezihlobisa kakhulu zingasetshenziswa njengesitshalo se-ampel. Ukulima, amakamelo afudumele afudumele afanelekile.
Bubble davalya - isitshalo esingapheliyo. Izwe langokwemvelo lalezi zinhlobo yi-Asia, China neJapane ezishisayo. I-rhizome enwabuzelayo, egcwele izinwele ezimhlophe ezibomvu. Kulezi zilwane u-davallia ushiya izikhathi ezintathu, noma izikhathi ezine ngokuphindaphindiwe-zihlukanisiwe, ubude bufinyelela ku-20-25 amasentimitha, ngobubanzi bama-centimitha angu-15. Amahlamvu afakwa ngokujulile, ajwayelekile, amaqabunga aphezulu awashiwo emaphethelweni. Phezulu kwama-leaf shares sporangia. Lesi sitshalo sinomgqomo. Ukubukeka okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukulima, ikamelo elifudumele nelithambile kuhle.
Ukunakekela isitshalo.
Zonke izinhlobo ze-davallia ezinjengokukhanya okukhanyayo okugqamile, noma kunjalo, kusukela ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngqo isitshalo sidinga ukuvikelwa. Lesi sitshalo sizokhula kahle entshonalanga noma empumalanga. Izimila uDavaliya zingaba nomthunzi othile, kodwa ziyokhula kancane.
Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kwe-dense davallia ne-bubbly davallia yizi-18-22 degrees. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Ukuze i-Canary davallia ebusika kuvunyelwe ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-16 о С.
Ukunisela kufanele kube nokuningi, amanzi afudumele afudumele, amile. Ukunisela kuyenziwa njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi loma. Ebusika, ukuchelela kunganciphisa kancane, isibonelo, hhayi ngosuku olufanayo njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-substrate selomile, kepha ngosuku olulandelayo, akunakwenzeka ukuba umise umhlabathi. Ngokuba ukuphuza i-leuka nge-spout encane kufanelekile, ngakho-ke awugodli i-rhizome engaphezulu ephuma ebhodweni. Ukunisela okuphansi kule nkathi kuzofika ngendlela efanele.
I-Dawallia yizitshalo ezingavumi ukubekezelela umoya omile, ngakho kufanele zikhule ekamelweni elinomswakama ophezulu. Umswakama ungagcinwa ngokupomfa njalo, noma ungabeka ummbila wezitshalo ngamapellets ngolwebumba obunwetshiwe noma obumanzi obunamanzi. Ukufafaza kwenziwa ngamanzi ahlale alula. I-Canary davallia ibekezelela kalula umoya omile.
Umanyolo wenziwa ngumanyolo ohlanjululwe kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSeptemba. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, akukho ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe okudingekayo, ngoba kungabangela isifo esibi esitshalweni.
Lezi zindwangu zingasetshenziselwa ngoMashi-Ephreli njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Ukubunjwa komhlaba kufanele kube ne-peat, i-humus enqabile, isihlabathi somfula (konke okuthathwe ezinxenyeni ezifanayo). Kulesi sitshalo, izimbiza ezinkulu zihamba kahle, ezansi lapho kufanele kube khona amanzi amanzi.
I-Davallia iyanda ngokusebenzisa izingcezu ze-rhizome ngokutholakala kwamaqabunga amabili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ucezu lwensimbi kufanele lwenziwe ngesekelo yensimbi, ngale nsizakalo iba phezu kwenhlabathi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, izimpande zivela.
I-spores ye-davallium ingahlwanyelwa engxenyeni yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngaphansi kwe-polyethylene ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-20.
Izinyathelo zokuqapha: izinhlamvu zezitshalo zingabangela ukusabela kwe-asthmatic.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka:
- Umswakama ophansi ungalimaza isicabucabu.
- Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa ezenza amaqabunga aqhakazile.
- Vikela emisebeni yelanga eqondile ebangela ukushisa.
- Ekwindla nasebusika, ukuze ugweme izifo, ungafaki isitshalo.
- Ukuphila okuvamile kwesitshalo, sebenzisa ama-substrates alula.
- Kulimale: i-whitefly, i-thrips.