Izinguquko zeSomatic
Ngenxa yokufuduka komgogodla womzimba ngenxa yokwanda kwesibeletho nokunyuka kwezimpawu zamagundane, omama abazayo bavame ukubuzwa ubuhlungu. Phakathi namasonto wokugcina okukhulelwa, abesifazane abaningi bagubha izimpikiswano okuthiwa i-Frexton-Hicks - iziphazamiso zokulungiselela zesisu. Ahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzwana engama-30 futhi ngokuvamile ayedlula owesifazane okhulelwe. Ngesikhathi samasonto angaba ngu-36, lapho ikhanda lomntwana liwela emgodini wezintambo, owesifazane uqala ukuzizwa ekhululekile, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
Isikhathi samahhala
Abesifazane abasebenzayo ngesonto lama-32 lokukhulelwa bavame ukuhamba ngekhefu lokubeletha. Kwabaningi, lesi sikhathi yithuba elilodwa lokuzivocavoca. Abanye besifazane basebenzise ngobuhlakani, befunda izincwadi noma bathole izinto zokuzilibazisa ezintsha, okwakungekho nhlobo ngaphambili. Futhi yisikhathi lapho imibhangqwana ingakwazi ukuphuma iphinde ijabulele ithuba lokugcina lokuba yedwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane.
Ubuhlobo ne-fetus
Ukuba nesikhathi samahhala kunika lona wesifazane ithuba lokucabanga ngezingane zakhe zesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kuqinisa ubuhlobo obusasa phakathi komama nomntwana. Ngenyanga yesithupha yokukhulelwa, ingane iqala ukuzwa, futhi abazali abaningi bazama ukuxhumana nomntwana, ukufunda kuye, ukulalela umculo noma ukukhuluma naye. Ngesikhathi se-trimester yesithathu, imibhangqwana esevele inezingane kufanele ibalungiselele ukubonakala komzalwane noma udadewabo. Izingane ezincane zidinga indlela encane - zidinga ukujwayele umqondo wokwengeza emndenini. Izingane kufanele zibandakanyeke ohlelweni lokukhulelwa - isibonelo, kufanele zivunyelwe ukuthi zithinte isisu sikamama uma ziba zikhulu, bese uvumela ingane ukuba ihambe. Iwukuphela kwengane emndenini osetshenziswe ukuthi bonke abantu abadala bayayikhathalela, bangazizwa benqatshiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukubizwa okuthiwa ukuvuselela (isibonelo, lapho abantwana beqala ukuhamba babuyela ekuziphatheni izingane, bayeke ukukhuluma noma ukusebenzisa ibhodlela ukuheha abazali babo.
Amalungiselelo okugcina
Ngendlela yokusebenza kwabesifazane abaningi, "ukusikeka kwemvelo" kubonakala lapho bezwa ukukhulelwa ngokungazelelwe kwamandla nomdlandla futhi balungiselela indlu ukuvela kwamalungu omndeni omusha. Lesi sikhathi singasetshenziselwa ukulungisa igumbi labantwana futhi uthenge konke okudingayo ingane, isibonelo, isihlalo sobuhlalo, isikhala kanye nezingubo, uma kungakenziwa ngaphambili. Ukuze ugweme ngokweqile, abesifazane kufanele bathengise ingane kancane kancane. Kubalulekile ukubamba iqhaza kubaba - lokhu kuzomvumela ukuba azizwele ukuhileleka ekushintsheni okuzayo futhi azilungiselele.
Izinqumo ezibalulekile
Abazali bekusasa kudingeka bathathe izinqumo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Omunye wabo ukukhetha igama lomntwana ozayo. Kumele bajabulise abazali bobabili, futhi ingane enayo kufanele ikhululeke kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila. Kubantu abaningi, amagama ahlotshaniswa nemifanekiso ethile noma izinhlamvu. Abazali bathemba ukuthi igama elikhethwe yilo elihle kumntanakho. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi imibhangqwana ivame ukuqala ukuxoxa ngokusabalalisa kwemithwalo yemfanelo yokunakekela izingane. Obaba bangase badinge ukuxoxa nabaphathi babo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba bahlale eholidini isikhathi esithile ekhaya beza ukunakekela ingane esanda kuzalwa.
Ukunakekela
Ngendlela yokubaluleka kosuku olubalulekile, abesifazane abakhulu kakhulu bavame ukukhathazeka ngemicimbi ezayo. Ngokukhulelwa okuphindaphindiwe, ukukhathazeka kungenzeka uma ukuzalwa kokuqala kungakahambi kahle. Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kokuqala, abesifazane bavame ukukhathazeka ngokuthi bazokwazi yini ukukhuthazelela ubuhlungu. Abaningi besaba ukuthi uma behluleka ukuzilawula, bazokhamuluka noma, ngesikhathi sokuzama, ukuhlukunyezwa kuzokwenzeka. Owesifazane angase akhathazeke nokuthi ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuyoba nesidingo se-episiotomy (ukusika kwe-perineum ukuze kube lula ukulethwa kwezidingo). Kunzima ukuba bacabange ukuthi yikuphi ukulwa, okuwukuphela kokuhlangenwe nakho okuqondile okungabanika isithombe sangempela kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nokwesaba ukuba nesimiso somama nokuthi ngabe umama angakwazi yini ukubhekana nengane.
Uhlelo lokuzalwa
Ukuthola ulwazi olwanele mayelana namathuba okukhetha indlela yokuzalwa kusiza abazali besikhathi esizayo bazizwe beqiniseka kakhulu. Lo mbhangqwana udinga ukunquma indawo yokudiliva (esikhungweni sezokwelapha noma ekhaya), ukusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia nendlela ingane edla ngayo (i-thoracic noma yokufakelwa). Kubalulekile ukuba ulungele kusengaphambili ukuthi ngesikhathi sokubeletha kungase kube nesidingo sokungenelela okuhlinzekwayo.
Ukufundisa izisekelo zokunakekela izingane
Ngemva kokufunda izincwadi ngokukhulelwa nokubeletha, owesifazane okhulelwe angase alahlekelwe yizinto eziyisisekelo zokunakekela ingane esanda kuzalwa. Emva kokuzalwa komntwana, kunesikhathi esincane kakhulu esisele kulokhu. Amantombazane asevele enezingane angasiza ekuqeqesheni amakhono okunakekela ingane. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukukhungatheka uma izimpawu zomsebenzi zingekho ngemuva kosuku lokulethwa kwezinsolo. Kuphela ama-5% wezingane azalwa ngosuku oluhleliwe. Uma ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka isikhathi eside kunalindelekile, owesifazane angase athuthukise ukucindezeleka. Ku-harbingers kokubeletha okuzayo ukuhamba kwesikhwama esimangcwaba, esihlanganisa umlomo wesibeletho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokujwayelekile, kuyinto ecacile, ngokuhlanganiswa kwegazi. Ukuhamba kwesikhwama semali ekhombisa ukuthi ukulethwa kungenzeka kwenzeke ezinsukwini eziyi-12 ezizayo. Manje siyazi ukuthi i-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa iqala nini, futhi yiziphi izinguquko emzimbeni zilindele umama ngamunye ngalesi sigaba.