Kuyaziwa ukuthi wonke amantombazane akhathazekile ngezimbali. Abanye bayayithanda lapho isixha sinikezwa othandekayo. Futhi abanye ngokwabo bakhulisa izimbali eceleni kwezindlu zabo, endlini yangasese noma ezweni. Ngosuku ngalunye lwama-frosty alukho luhlobo olusondeleyo olusondela entwasahlobo. Futhi kufanele ukhethe kusengaphambili ukuthi imibala kulo nyaka sizohlobisa umbhede wembali. Ezinye zezimbali ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezingenakuzithoba ziyi-irises. Ngakho-ke, sikhula irises kwi-plot of land.
Ulwazi mayelana nama-irises.
Irises - enye yezitshalo endala kunazo zonke. EGibithe lasendulo bahlakulelwa emasimini aseCleopatra. Olimini lwesiGreki igama elithi "iris" lisho "umnsalo". Ukubonakaliswa kobugovu emlandweni kwakuyizintombikazi u-Iris, isithunywa sabonkulunkulu, umhumushi wokuthanda kwabo.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-irises zensimu yizona ezidume kunazo zonke phakathi kwabaflorisi, lawa yizintshebe ze-iridescent. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu. Lezi zingaphansi: i-flower stem ifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-25 kuya kwangu-36 amasentimitha. I-Sredstar: 37-70 amasentimitha. Futhi amade amade angaphezu kwamamitha angu-70. Uma u-irises ekhulayo kulesi sakhiwo, khumbula ukuthi inkathi yezimbali zazo incike ezimweni ezihlukahlukene nokukhula. Ingahlala emavikini amabili kuya enyangeni eyodwa.
Irises inenzuzo eyodwa: e-bouquet, wonke amafihlethi atholakala ku-peduncle ahluma kusukela e-cut irises. Ubukhulu bembali ngayinye buyi-10-15 noma ngaphezulu kwamentimitha ububanzi. Ngomusa wefomu, izimbali ze-iris zingancintisana ngisho nezimbali ze-orchid. Umbala we-perianth uhlukaniswa nemibala ehlukahlukene emangalisayo. Izingxenye ezingenhla ze-perianth, ngaphezu kwalokho, zingaziqhayisa ukukhanya kwe-iridescent. Futhi amacembe aphansi abonisa isakhiwo se-velvet. Izinhlobo eziningi zinephunga elimnandi elimnandi.
Khetha indawo ye-irises yokutshala.
Uma utshala irises, ukukhetha indawo kubalulekile. Lezi zimbali ziyakudinga ukushisa kwelanga ekuseni. Lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe. Ukuze ujabulele izimbali eziningi, ungabatshali eduze nezitshalo ezinkulu. Izihlahla nezihlahla zizosusa umswakama wazo. Kunconywa ukuba ususe izindawo ezixilisiwe, ezibheke kahle, lapho iqhwa lingabhubhisi khona ebusika. Ukuphambuka okuncane emkhakheni oseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga kuyamukelwa. Kunconywa inhlabathi eyakhiwe kahle yokubunjwa okukhanya. I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele isondele nakancane. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kwemishini ye-loamy nenhlabathi, ngaphambi nje kokumba kwekwindla, umquba noma i-peat kufakwa kuwo. Ukubala kanje: 1-2 amabhakede omquba ngamamitha square kanye nebhakede lomfula wesihlabathi. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi kungcono ukwengeza izinto eziphilayo kanye nesibalo esincane sobumba.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kwenziwa amasonto amabili noma amathathu ngaphambi kokutshala. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ngu-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Uma amanzi ehlala ezindaweni ezihlala entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ama-irises kufanele atshalwe emibhedeni ephakeme. Uma kungenjalo, izitshalo zisongelwa ukufa.
Sitshala irises.
Uma utshala irises, izimpande zazo kufanele zisatshalaliswe ngokukhululekile emhlabathini. Ama-Rhizomes ngesikhathi esifanayo kumele afakwe endizeni enezingqimba futhi ehlanganiswe nenhlabathi engabi ngaphezu kuka 2-3 cm. Izitshalo ezingcwatshwe kakhulu zingase zingabi namahlumela we-vegetative. Okusho ukuthi ama-buds lateral athuthuka kabi futhi angase angaqhakazi ngisho nokuqhakaza. Ama-Irises awela emuva ekukhuleni isikhathi sonke semifino.
Uma itshalwe kahle, ibanga eliphakathi kwe-irises emgqeni kufanele libe ngu-30-35 amasentimitha. Ngonyaka wokuqala, ukuvikela ngokumelene nesithwathwa, ama-irises anezintambo ezibuthakathaka kufanele ahlanganiswe ne-peat ene-weathered. Isendlalelo sePeat - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-3-5 centimeters.
Irises varietal irises ehlukanisa izihlahla. Isitshalo esihlose ukuhlukaniswa singcono ukumba ngemifoloko yegadi. I-rhizome kufanele ikhunjulwe kusuka emagqumeni omhlaba futhi inqunywe ukuze ukukhula konyaka kube neqembu lamaqabunga. Ukuze unciphise ukufudumala komswakama, amaqabunga anciphisa izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ubude, futhi izimpande ziyingxenye yesithathu. Izingxenye ezindala ze-rhizome, ezingenazo izimpande ezinhle namaqabunga, akufanele zilahlwe. Amafihlezi okulala, okuphezu kwawo, emva kokutshala angaqala ukukhula futhi anikeze izinto eziningi zokutshala ezengeziwe. Kufanele zicutshungulwe kanye namahlumela asele. Hlola izingxenye ezilimele. Zonke izicucu kumele zenziwe ngommese obukhali ukuze ubuso obunqamule bubusheleleke. Ukuze uthole ukungenwa yi-disinfection, ama-fresh tice cut for 10-15 imizuzu efakwe kwisisombululo esimnyama se-potassium permanganate. Yabe isomile futhi ingcwatshwe ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Ukunakekela irises.
Ukunakekela irises kuqala ngokushesha lapho imibhede yembali ingenaqhwa. Okokuqala, indawo yokukhosela isusiwe, uma ikhona. Izinsalela zemfucuza ziqoqwe ngokucophelela futhi zishiswe. Masinyane uqale ukondla kumanyolo wamaminerali. Ukubala kanje: 20 g we-nitrogen kanye no-15 g we-phosphorus umquba. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, enye i-5 g ye-nitrogen fertilizer kufanele ifakwe. 10 g we potassium kanye no-10 g wamanyolo we-phosphorus - emva kokuzimbali.
Ukuze izitshalo, inhlabathi evulekile ngaphandle kokhula iyadingeka. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi ikhululiwe njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-12. Ukuphuza irises kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi lapho kuvela amahlumela, ukukhula okujulile, kanye nokucubungula.
Ukuvikela ngokumelene nezilokazane nezifo, ukunakwa kumele kukhokhwe, okokuqala, ukuvimbela. Lokhu kufaka hlangana ukutjhugulwa okukhatjhelelweko kweemfucuza zezitshalo, ukulawula ukhula. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (lapho iqhwa licibilika). Futhi ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuba lesi sitshalo singene e-hibernation. Ehlobo, uma kukhona "amachashazi" emaqabunga, ukuhlunga okubili noma abathathu kwenziwa nge-Bordeaux ingxube. Ukumiswa kwe-sulfur colloidal kuyasiza. Uma ama-rhizomes ehlaselwa yi-bacteriosis, kufanele aome, izicubu ezonakalisiwe zisuswe futhi ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate sombala obomvu obomvu.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ulahlalisa amathuluzi ngaphambi kokusika izimbali, uma uhlukanisa ama-rhizomes namaqabunga okusika. Ukwehla njalo kunomthelela ekulwa nama-aphid kanye ne-thrips. Kusukela kumagqabi amaqabunga kuyadingeka ukuba ufafaze irises ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nge 0.4% zineb, 0.1% chlorophos.
Ama-irises ekhulayo endaweni yomhlaba uyohlobisa indlu yakho ngemibala ekhanyayo, engenakho. Lezi zimbali ezinjengezinye azifanele ukukhulisa ngasemuva. Futhi ukwenza irises izwe kahle futhi ikujabulele iminyaka eminingi, sebenzisa lezi zeluleko.