Inkambo Yokuthungatha
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngisho nangaphandle kweqhwa lasebusika, ingozi yokuwa iyakhula kancane. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezizathu ezilandelayo:
• ukufuduka kwendawo yedonsela phansi ngenxa yokungaziphathi kahle kwangaphakathi;
• kunzima ukubukeza okuqondile ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakho, ngenxa yesisu esikhulu;
• izinguquko ohlelweni lwezinzwa zamantombazane abakhulelwe ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormone emzimbeni (ukuvila, ukuzibamba, ukungabikho komqondo, ukunciphisa izinga lokuphendula ngokushukumisayo kwangaphandle);
• Ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormone, ukuhamba kwemigqa namajoyini kunyuke, okwenza kube lula ukuhamba emilenzeni, ukuphazamisa kalula ibhalansi.
Ngakho-ke, kuyacaca ukuthi ubusika nemigwaqo yayo ehambayo, izimo eziqhwaqhwa ngeqhwa kanye neqhwa kakhulu kwandisa ingozi yokuwa nokulimala okuhlobene nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukuwela emgwaqeni ophuthumayo kungabangela izivunguvungu, ama-fractures, ama-sprains. Izibonakaliso ezinjengalezi ezilimalayo zibuhlungu endaweni yokulimala, kunzima ukuhamba, ukuvuvukala kwezicubu. Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zenzeka, kubalulekile ukudala ukungahambi kahle kwesilwane esilimele futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ngaphambi kokufika "usizo lokuqala" ungaphuza i-paracetamol, evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele uzame ukulungisa ilungu elikhuthele ngokwakho, uma ulimaza umlenze wakho - gxuma emlenzeni owodwa, wenze ukunyakaza okukhaliphile, uhambe ngesilonda esilimele, noma ulinde ethembeni lokuthi "lizodlula ngokwalo". Ukuwa kungase kubangele ukucubungula kobuchopho, izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuthi ukulahlekelwa isikhathi esifushane, ukukhanda ikhanda, ukucabangela ukuhlanza nokuhlanza, ukuphazanyiswa kwesikhala noma isikhathi. Endabeni yezibonakaliso ezinjalo, ngisho noma kungakhulumi kakhulu, udinga ukubona udokotela - shayela i-ambulensi.
Izingqinamba zokuvimbela izinkinga ezingathuthuka ngenxa yokuwa zihlanganisa ukuthungatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwe-placenta, usongo lokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuphuma kwe-amniotic fluid. Inqola yangaphambi kwesigcawu se-placenta esivamile iyinye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, i-placenta ihlukaniswe nodonga lwe-uterine esigabeni sesithathu sokusebenza, ngemuva kokuzalwa komntwana. Ngenxa yesenzo somonakalo (ukuwa, isiteleka esiswini kwesimo esibucayi), i-placenta ingahlukanisa ne-fetus esibelethweni, ehambisana nokuphuma kwe-intrauterine. Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yokuphazamiseka okungakapheli kwe-placental kuyanda kwezwi lesisu (ukuphindaphindiwe kwesisu, ukuhambisana nokuzwa "kokukhululeka" esiswini esingaphansi kwesisu), ukuphuma kwamanzi okuphuma emzimbeni wesisu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus hypoxia (i-oxygen starvation) ngenxa yokukhubazeka okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kwe-placenta . Ezimweni ezimbi, ngendawo enkulu yokulwa namasosha, ukufa kwangaphakathi kwe-intrauterine kungase kwenzeke. Kodwa-ke, amathuba okuba nale nkinga ekwindla incane kakhulu.
Usongo lokuqeda ukukhulelwa lungabangela ngqo ngethonya elibuhlungu endaweni yangasese, noma ngenxa yokwehla kokucindezeleka (ukwesaba, injabulo, ukwesaba kokukhulelwa komphumela, njll). Ukubonakaliswa kokusongela kokuqeda ukukhulelwa kuyanda kwezwi lesisu, ukudonsa, ukukhukhumeza, ukuhlunguphaza esiswini esiswini, kwezinye izimo - ukubona indawo ephuma emzimbeni wesisu. I-spasm (constriction) yezimpahla ohlelweni lwe-mother-placenta-fetus njengomphumela wokucindezeleka nokunyuka kwezwi lesisu kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoxia ye-intrauterine fetal (ukungabi ne-oxygen). Ukwelashwa kwe-intrauterine ye-fetus kungabonakaliswa ngokukhuphuka noma, ngokuphambene, kunciphise emsebenzini wayo wemoto. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwezinye izimo, izimpawu ze-hypoxia zingatholakala kuphela ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokucwaninga ezengeziwe (i-ultrasound, i-Doppler - ukuhlolwa kwejubane kanye nemvelo yokugeleza kwegazi ezitsheni zesimiso se-mother-placenta-fetus, ukubhekwa kwe-CTG yezinhliziyo zenhliziyo), okusho isidingo sokuba udokotela ukuphepha, noma ngabe uzizwa kahle emva kokuwa. Ukuphuma kokuqala kwamamidiotic uketshezi kungenzeka ngenxa yokugxuma okubukhali ekucindezeni kwe-intrauterine ngesikhathi sokuwa. Uma i-amniotic fluid isiphuphuma, iziqhumane ezinomsoco ezihlukahlukene ezibonakalayo zivela endaweni yokuhlanza - kusukela endaweni encane enomanzi kuya ezichichimayo kakhulu.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze?
Uma ukuphuma okungavamile okuvela emzimbeni kubonakala (igazi, ukusola ukuthi amanzi ageleza), ubuhlungu besisu, ukuziphatha okungavamile kwengane (ukuqhutshwa kwemoto ngokweqile noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukunyakaza okulukhuni nokubuthakathaka), kubalulekile ukuphuthuma esibhedlela sokubeletha, okungcono kutholakale esibhedlela esikhulu esibhedlela, noma ubize i-ambulensi. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokuwa, ukuhlukumezeka okuhlangene kungafakwa ngaphandle, kufaka phakathi izinkinga ze-obstetric ne-non-obstetric. Uma kukhona ukusola kokuvuza kwe-amniotic fluid, kufanele ukhumbule ngokucacile isikhathi lapho uqaphela ukukhishwa, futhi usebenzise ngokunenzuzo i-gasket eyenziwe ngendwangu yokotini, enamacala omabili ngensimbi eshisayo, ngoba kuyoba lula ngodokotela ukucacisa uhlobo lokukhishwa.
"Gcwalisa utshani"
Ukushiya ebusika emgwaqweni, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokuphepha ezosiza ekugwemeni izinkinga ezinkulu:
• Ukuphendula kakhulu ukukhethwa kwezicathulo zasebusika: Yiqiniso, izikhumba eziphakemeyo zizokhohlwa okwesikhashana, izicathulo ezingadingeki esikhulwini esinyene, njengoba kunengozi eyengeziwe yokweqa umlenze. "Izembatho ezinhle" zasebusika zomama ozayo kufanele zibe nesithende esiphezulu esingaphansi kuka-3-4 cm; i-sole ezinzile enezindawo ezinhle zokulwa nesibhamu - okungukuthi, noma ukugcoba okujulile noma ngesimbozo esikhethekile sokugqoka. Futhi, lapho ukhetha isicathulo sasebusika, kubalulekile ukuba unake ukuthi uyilungisa kahle hhayi unyawo nje kuphela, kodwa futhi endaweni ehlanganisiwe yama-ankle, njengesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngenxa yokuhamba okuhlangene, kulula ukuvula umlenze nokuwa.
• Cabanga ngokucophelela ngomzila wakho, gwema imigwaqo emincane, ama-slides, emigwaqweni emigwaqo ehambayo. Bheka ngokucophelela izinyawo zakho.
• Ngenkathi uhamba phansi emgwaqeni, ungabamba izandla emaphaketheni noma emgqeni wesikhwama - kungcono ukuwahambisa eceleni. Hamba emgwaqweni wobusika kungcono kancane ("semenyaschim") isinyathelo, ngezinyawo ezincane ezigobile emathangeni amadolo.
• Ukuhla noma ukugibela izitebhisi, ubambe ngokuqinile ekuthukeleni, khetha umgwaqo onjalo, uhamba lapho, uma kunesidingo, ungathatha noma yikuphi ukusekelwa (ucingo, isitimela, njll).
• Isimo sezulu esingalungile (ibhilidi eliqinile, iqhwa elisanda kwenzeka, lapho amathrekhi agcwele kakhulu iqhwa, iqhwa, i-sleet noma imvula, njll.), Kuhle ukuba uhlale ekhaya ngezizathu zokuphepha. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlehlisa ibhizinisi, zama ukuthi othile ahambe nawe endleleni, asekele isandla sakho.
• Uma ugqoka emgwaqweni, qiniseka ukuthi indawo yesisu ivikelwe kahle yizingxenye zokugqoka: lokhu kungenza umsebenzi omuhle, kunciphise kakhulu umthelela uma uwela.
• Uma unomuzwa wokuthi uwela, kufanele ukwenze "ngokuphumelelayo": iqembu, gqoka izingalo zakho nxazonke zakho (ukuvikela kusuka ekubethweni), uguqe amadolo bese uhlala "eceleni". Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukuphakama kokuwa, ngakho-ke ingozi yokulimala. Lapho ewela akunakwenzeka ukuveza phambili ngezandla ezandisiwe, njengalolu cala amathuba okuphuza aphezulu.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzizwa kahle kangakanani, ngesikhathi ukhulelwe ihlehlisa ukuzijabulisa kwebusika yendabuko - ukuhamba nge-slides, izikebhe nezitifiketi.
Sizivikela ekuziphatheni kwe-hypothermia
Enye ingozi yasebusika ingozi ye-hypothermia (imiphumela ephansi yokushisa emzimbeni wonke) noma i-frostbite (isenzo eside esibandayo emzimbeni owodwa). Amathuba okugcoba i-subcooling akhula ngomswakama ophezulu, umoya oqinile. Izitho ezinamakhaza (ikakhulukazi iminwe, ehlobene nokuzikhethela kwegazi lawo) zivezwa ngokushesha kakhulu, kanye nesikhumba sezingxenye ezivulekile zomzimba - ubuso, impumu, izindlebe. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuqina kwamakhomikhali emzimbeni kuyanda, okuholela ekukhunjeni ngokweqile, futhi ngakwezinye - ukwehlisa ukuzwela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba babanda: bavame ukukhononda ukuthi bashisa, cishe ngeke baqedwe, okuyinto ngezinga elithile ukwandisa amathuba okubanda . Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypothermia jikelele yomzimba yi-pallor nobandayo kesikhumba, ukwehla kokushisa komzimba ngaphansi kuka-36 ° C. ubuthakathaka obuningi, ukwethembeka nokunganakwa, ukwehlisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi nokwanda kwenhliziyo, ukulala nokudumazeka kungase kuthuthuke. Izibonakaliso zokuqala zama-frostbite ziyizwa yokugubha endaweni engathintekile yomzimba, ukuzwa okuvuthayo nokuhlunguphazeka, isikhumba sithola ukubonakala okuphaphathekile, okubonakalayo.
Ngomzimba omningi wokugcoba umzimba, umama olindelekile kufanele abekwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ekamelweni elifudumele, efudumala phezulu - mhlawumbe ngamanzi okufudumala noma eshaweni (ngesikhatsi semaminithi angu-40-40) noma ehlanganiswe ngengubo efudumele, embozwe ngama-warmer, anike itiye elishisayo elishisayo nokudla okushisayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ashisayo ukufudumala isikhumba esineqhwa akuvumelekile, njengoba ukufudumala kwezicubu ezibukhali kuholela ekusebenzeni ngokweqile kwezinqubo zokuxuba umzimba, okungabangela i-necrosis - necrosis yamathissi, okuyinto ekhubaza kakhulu ukubikezelwa nokuvimbela ukwelashwa. Ngokufudumala kancane kancane, ukubuyiselwa kwemisipha ethintekile kuhambisana nokujwayelekile kwemisebenzi yabo ebalulekile, okugwema imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-frostbite. Uma kubanda, kubalulekile ukuthi ususe ngokucophelela isilwane esithintekayo kusuka izingubo noma izicathulo bese ufudumala kancane kancane futhi kancane kancane, okuyinto indlela engcono kakhulu efudumele (hhayi eshisayo!) Amanzi, izinga lokushisa okumelwe likhule kancane kancane kusuka ku-30 kuya ku-40-45 ° C. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungagubha abathintekayo ukuphela, ngoba kuhlanganiswa ama-microcrystallite yeqhwa lapho kuthiwa, lapho ehlutshulwa, elimaza isitho esithintekile, esenza isimo siphumelele futhi siphuthukise ukuphulukiswa okuqhubekayo. Emva kokufudumala, indawo ethintekile isuliwe isomile, isuliwe utshwala ukuvimbela ukutheleleka futhi isebenze ibhande elomile elomile (uhlaka oluqinile lwengubo yekotini kanye nebhandeka eliyinyumba). Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulayo lapho ukufudumala, isikhumba sihlala siphahlakile futhi sibanda, udinga ukuphuthumayo ukuya emnyangweni wezilonda ezishisayo, umnyango we-purulent-chirurgical or traumatologic, ngoba lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukujula okukhulu.
Ithonya elibi le-hypothermia emzimbeni wengane ekhulelwe neyesikhathi esizayo ingabonakalisa, okokuqala, njengokwenyuka kokugula okungapheli noma ukuvela kwezifo ezivuthayo ezinjengezifo (njenge-pyelonephritis - ukuvuvukala kwezinso, sinusitis - ukuvuvukala kwesono se-maxillary, i-tonsillitis - ukuvuvukala kwamathoni, i-cystitis - ukuvuvukala kwesisu, njll), futhi okwesibili, ngendlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoxia (oksijeni yindlala) ye-fetus ngenxa yokwephulwa kwegazi kwe-uteroplacental.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuncibilika ngokweqile noma iqhwa:
• Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kwe -20-25 ° C, zama ukuphuma endlini. Uma kwenzeka ukuphuthumayo, cela ukuthi izihlobo noma abangane bakuthathe endaweni endaweni yemoto, shayela itekisi.
• Ungahlali emoyeni obandayo isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esiphezulu. Endleleni, hamba esitolo, cafe, ungavumeli i-hypothermia.
• Kubalulekile ukugqoka kahle: uma izingubo zifudumele kakhulu, hamba ezokuthutha noma ekamelweni, ungathuthumela. Izembatho ezingamukelekile nezingavamile kakhulu, okuyinto i-hypothermia eyingozi. Qinisekisa ukugqoka isigqoko, amaglavu, isambatho, izingubo zasebusika kufanele kube okungenani izinga lesikhubeji.
• Ukuvimbela ukuqhwaza nokukhukhumeza okwedlulele kuzokusiza ngezansi zangaphansi zokushisa (T-shirts, T-shirt, socks, leggings), kuluhlu olwanele olwethulwa ezitolo.
• Izinwele kumele zibe nesisindo esihle (amabhuzu aqinile noma amabhuzu, kanye nezicathulo ezinezinyosi ezincane, zenze ukuba kube khona amaqhwa njengoba kukwandisa ukujikelezwa kwamalungu angaphansi). Ezikhwameni ezikhethiwe kahle, ungakwazi ukuhambisa kalula iminwe yakho. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi izinyawo zakho azimanzi. Uma ufika ekhaya, qaphela ngokucophelela izicathulo zakho.
• Uma uphuma, sebenzisa izici ezikhethekile zokuzivikela ubuso nezandla. Ukufeza umphumela wokusebenzisa ukhilimu olwa nesithwathwa kungcono kusengaphambili, ngo-z ° ~ 4 ° amaminithi ngaphambi kokuphuma. Umthelela we-protective creams ngokumelene nesithwathwa usekelwe ekwakheni ifilimu evikelayo esikhwameni, ngokuvikela ngokuphumelelayo umphumela wokulimaza komoya kanye nomoya, futhi ekukhuphukeni okujulile kwesikhumba. Ukuze ukhilimu usebenze ngempumelelo, ungene emigqeni ejulile yesikhumba futhi udale ifilimu, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa kusengaphambili.
Indlela yokugwema i-SARS nomkhuhlane?
Izifo ezivamile zasebusika ziyi-ARVI (izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula okunamandla), ingxenye enkulu ye-influenza. Umthombo wesifo uba ngumuntu ogulayo, indlela yokudlulisa isuke yomoya. Isiguli sifaka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-5 ukuqala kwesifo (ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala emva kokuqala kwezimpawu), lapho ukukhwehlela nokukhipha kanye namaconsi amagciwane e-mucus akhululwa ngenkuthalo endaweni yangaphandle. Abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu ye-influenza kanye ne-ARVI, njengoba ukuzivikela komama abakulindele kuncishisiwe, okuyimfuneko yokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo. Leli qiniso liholela engozini enkulu yokutheleleka, futhi kuyingozi ngokwemikhuba eqinile ye-influenza kanye nokutheleleka okuthelelekile kokuphefumula kwamagciwane ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi (i-pneumonia - ukuvuvukala kwemaphaphu, ukushisa kwe-bronchitis - ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi), ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezingapheli ezikhungweni zabafazi abakhulelwe, njll.
Umkhuhlane ubonakala ngamaqembu amabili ezibonakaliso: izimpawu zokudakwa (umkhuhlane, ukubola, ukukhanda ikhanda, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu emisipha kanye namalungu) kanye nezimo ze-catarrhal (ukujula nokuma emqaleni, ukubonakala kokuphuma kwamanzi okuphuma emakhaleni, ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu). Ikakhulukazi engavumelekile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukutheleleka ngegciwane ku-trimester yokuqala (kuze kube amasonto angu-12), njengoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi kukhona ukubeka okusebenzayo kwazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo nokungena kwegciwane, kanye nokukhuphuka kokushisa komzimba ngaphezu kwama-38 ° C okuhlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu kungaba yi-teratogenic umthelela emntwaneni (ukuvusa ukwakhiwa kwezinkinga ezingezansi), okungaholela ekuphumuleni komzimba okuzenzekelayo. Umkhuhlane ngosuku oluthile lungabangela ukungakwazi ukubekezela, ukuphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Uma izibonakaliso zokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza noma i-influenza zikhona, thintana nodokotela ukuze ukwelashwa okudingekayo kunqunyelwe wena. Njengoba kunikezwe umthelela omubi wesifo somkhuhlane ebusweni, kubonakala kubaluleka kokwenza izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezihloselwe ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngalokhu ukutheleleka:
• Ngesikhathi sobhubhane lomkhuhlane kanye ne-SARS, gwema ukuhlala ezindaweni ezigcwele (izithuthi zomphakathi, ama-cinema, izitolo). Uma ngezizathu ezingaphezu kokulawula kwakho awukwazi ukugwema ukuhlangana nabantu abaningi, ungasebenzisa i-mask yesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuvikela i-mask kusuka ekuthelelekeni kwakuphumelele, kufanele ishintshwe njalo amahora amabili.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba kusezandleni zakho ukuthi sithwala izinhlayiya zegciwane (kusuka ezandleni zomnyango, izinkinobho zokuphakamisa, njll) ezingena emzimbeni. Ngenhloso efanayo, hlanza ama-nasal passages: ngale njongo kuhle ukusebenzisa amaconsi ngamanzi olwandle (i-Aquamaris, njll).
• U-anyanisi negalikhi, abacebile ku-phytoncides, baziwa kakhulu ngezindawo zabo zokulwa namagciwane. Ngenhloso ye-prophylaxis, kuyasiza emalini alinganisiwe, kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu kokudla kokudla, nokuphunga okumnandi kwawo.
• Ukuvimbela izifo, ungakwazi ukugcoba ama-nasal amafutha nge-oxolin amafutha, i-Viferon amafutha, i-infagel, futhi asebenzise amaconsi aseGrippferon. Lezi zidakamizwa zivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa. Ukwehla i-Grippferon nakho kungasetshenziswa ekuvinjeni okuphuthumayo komkhuhlane (lapho kwakukhona oxhumana nomuntu ogulayo), njengoba lesi sidakamizwa sigwema ukuphindaphinda kwanoma yiziphi amagciwane ezitholakale embranini yomsindo.
• Futhi, ukulungiselela i-Ocillococcinum yasekhaya kuyisisombululo sokuvimbela nokwelashwa komkhuhlane kanye ne-ARVI kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
• Uma othile emndenini wakho ohlala kwelinye igumbi eligulayo, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa yena noma wena izinsuku ezingu-5. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, sebenzisa imaski ukuvimbela lesi sifo (vumela imaski igqoke isiguli). Kuyinto efiselekayo kubantu abanempilo kanye nezifo ukuba zibe emakamelweni ahlukene. Kudingeka ukuvame ukuvuselela izakhiwo, nsuku zonke ukukhiqiza ukuhlanza okumanzi, ukuhlinzeka isiguli ngezitsha ezihlukile, ithawula, amashekhi atholakalayo. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezibalwe ngenhla. Manje siyazi ukuthi kubanda yini kuyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunokusongela umama wesikhathi esizayo.