Izinyanga zokulinda ezikhathele ziphela, omncinyane kunawe uhlukaniswe nomhlangano nomntwana. Into kuphela ephazamisa ukulindela okujabulisayo yisidingo sokubhekana nobuhlungu. Ngisho namakhelwane "abalungile" bavuka, bathi, ubuhlungu ekubelethweni - okubi kunamazinyo. Ungethuki kusengaphambili, uzidwebe isithombe esabekayo sokuzalwa okude, okubuhlungu. Okokuqala, ukuthi ukukhuthazelela kangakanani ukulwa, kuyovezwa kuphela "kumzuzwana X". Indlela yokwazi, ngokuzumayo uzowela kwinani labantu abanenhlanhla elibeletha kalula futhi elibuhlungu? Futhi okwesibili, namuhla kunezindlela eziningi ezisiza ekunciphiseni isimo sowesifazane osebenzayo.
Umqondisi wakho siqu
Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuzisiza, lokhu kufundiswa ekulungiseleleni izifundo zokubeletha. Phakathi kwezinqubo zemvelo eziqinisekisiwe - i-yoga kanye namaqoqo akhethekile okuvivinya umzimba, okuvumela ukuba ulawule imisipha ye-pelvic ngesikhathi esifanele kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa ubuhlungu futhi ukusheshisa ukulethwa kwezidingo zokuphumula okuphumuzayo (ungaphazamisa isisu sakho, izinqulu, uphansi noma uzibeke ezandleni ezithembekile zomyeni wakho, umama) nokuphefumula okulungile ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ngisho noma ngokumangalisa ukhohlwa konke okwelulekwa ngumama abanolwazi noma ofundiswe kulezifundo, ulalele ngokucophelela imiyalo yesithifiketi - futhi uzophumelela! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungalahleki lapho uqala khona ukuhlala, uhlezi ngemuva kwesihlalo, uhlezi eceleni kwakhe noma umane uguqulwe ukusuka ngezinyaweni kuya emanzini - umzimba ngokwawo uzokutshela ukuthi yikuphi ukukhululeka kakhulu ukubhekana nokuzama ukubhekana nemizamo. Uma izinhlangothi zibuhlungu kakhulu, isigaba sokudla sikhombisa, noma uma kunezinye izinkomba zezokwelapha lapho uMama engafuni ukubekezelela imizamo eqinile nobuhlungu (isibonelo, myopia), ukusetshenziswa kwe-drug anesthesia.
Ukulala okuthula
Indlela yokuqala ye-analgesia yezidakamizwa emisebenzini i-anesthhesia engenangqondo noma yangomzimba. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenzisiwe ezinomthelela olula wokuguqula emzimbeni, ngokuvamile ama-analgesics ama-narcotic (Fentanyl, Promedol). Kule nkinga, akuyona nje kuphela isivikelo sobuhlungu esinciphile, umama osemncane angakwazi nokulala kancane. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uphumule emsebenzini. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela inomphumela omkhulu: ukucindezela komzimba komama kungakwazi "ukuwa" kangangokuthi ukusakazwa kwe-utero-placental kuyaphazanyiswa, ngenxa yalokho ingane ithola oksijini encane. Futhi lokhu kugcwele indlala yomoya-mpilo (hypoxia) we-fetus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma i-anesthesia yenziwa ngokuphuzile kakhulu futhi umphumela walesi sidakamizwa awunaso isikhathi sokuya ku-cha, ingane izalwa esimweni sokucindezeleka okungokwempilo. Ngakho-ke, maduzane, "ukuthandwa" okukhulu kakhulu kokubili odokotela naphakathi kwama-parturients usebenzisa indlela ehlukile - i-epidural anesthesia (EPA). Unika amathuba amaningi okubeletha umntwana onempilo, ekhohlwa ubuhlungu nokwesaba.
Iyini i-anesthesia ye-epidural?
Njengamanje, lena yindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ye-anesthesia (emazweni amaningi, isibonelo, eFrance, i-USA ngaphansi kwe-EPA ivela ku-70% kokuzalwa). Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lena yindlela kuphela ye-anesthesia, evunyelwe iSonto LamaKatolika. I-epestural anesthesia yenziwa ngokuvumelana nalolu hlelo. I-anesthesiologist yenza i-puncture ye-epidural space (igobolondo elinzima lomgogodla) ngenaliti ekhethekile ezingeni le-3-4 vertebrae esifundeni se-lumbar. Khona-ke, ngokusebenzisa inaliti, udokotela ufaka i-catheter (inaliti isusiwe), lapho isisombululo esidingekayo sokuxazulula izinzwa esenziwa khona. Ngemuva kwenqubo enjalo, i-"neutralization" yeziphetho zezinzwa, eziholela esibelethweni, ngezinga elithile livela. Imisebenzi yemisipha yesibeletho njengomphumela ingaguquki, futhi umama ngeke azizwe ubuhlungu. Akudingekile ukudidisa i-epestural anesthesia kanye ne-analgesia ye-epidural. Nge-anesthesia ye-epidural, isisombululo esicacile se-anesthetic sijojelwa endaweni yezintambo zomgogodla ngamanani amancane. Ukuphela kwezidakamizwa ezingeni le-lumbar kulahlekelwa ukuzwela cishe ngokuphelele, kuvinjelwe, owesifazane akakwazi ukuzwa ukuphambana, imilenze yakhe ikhungathekile. Owesifazane ubeletha elele eceleni kwakhe noma emhlane, ephakamisa isibani sakhe. Ukuhlukumeza okusobala kwalendlela kuwukungahambi kahle kwesifazane ekubelethweni, okungewona iqhaza kwisakramente lokubeletha. Futhi ngokwengqondo, akuwona wonke owesifazane ongavumela isimo esinjalo ngokuvamile. Kodwa nge-analgesia ye-epidural, i-anesthetic egxilile kancane ijojowe ngevolumu enkulu. Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bezinsipho kwenzeka ngokulinganayo njengowesifazane okhululekile ukuba abe nokubeletha. Umama angazizwa elwa, ehamba ngokukhululekile futhi athathe isikhundla esithile ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha. Ngemva kwesikhashana, i-anesthetist ineza enye umthamo wokuzibulala. Ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwalendlela ukuthi owesifazane uzizwa inqubo yokuzalwa futhi uyakwazi ukuyilawula ngokuzimela.
Qaphela: izinkinga
Naphezu kokusetshenziselwa kabanzi eNtshonalanga nasezikhungweni zokuvimbela izisu, i-epestural anesthesia inezinkinga eziningana. Phakathi kwemiphumela emibi engavamile ngemuva kwenqubo - ushintsho oluthile lokucindezela kwegazi ezigulini, kanye nezinsizwa kanye nemigraines, engathuthuka ngisho nezinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngemuva kokungenelela. Futhi ezimweni eziningi, izinkinga azihlobene nekhono le-anesthesiologist kanye nohlangothi lobuchwepheshe lwenqubo ngokwayo. Ngokuvamile, ikhanda lenziwa ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili:
- kulezi zindawo izidakamizwa zesikhala esidalwa yi-epidural zifakiwe ezingenzelwe ukubulawa kwe-epidural anesthesia. Ukunciphisa izindleko ezijwayelekile zenqubo zisebenzisa i-anesthetics eshibhile ngezinga eliphansi lokuhlanzwa - kodwa kulokhu, ukugcinwa okunjalo akufanele kube khona;
- Amasethi omgangatho omubi asetshenziselwa ukuqhuba i-EPA. Kodwa ngisho namaphutha amancane ezinaleni (ama-burrs noma ngisho nezinsimbi zensimbi ezingase zihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope) zingalimaza ubuchopho. Lapho inaliti isusiwe, ingxenye yalokho okuqukethwe komgogodla womgogodla (flow cerebrospinal fluid) ugeleza, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwengcindezi kuyo. Lezi zimbangela zezinkinga zaqedwa ngokubonakala kwezinaliti eziphezulu eziphethe ukucima ipensela (ngesimo se-cone), okwakususa kuphela amacilongo ama-meninges (khona-ke ahlala endaweni yawo yasekuqaleni ngokuphepha) - ngenxa yalokho, inqubo ihamba ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa ukwehla kwengcindezi ezithombeni ezifuywayo nge-EPA kubangelwa kuphela ukusabela komzimba komzimba. Njenga-anesthesia, ezimweni ezingavamile, i-epidural ingamvusa i-hypoxia ye-fetus, ngakho kubalulekile ukuqapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane ekubelethweni, hhayi nje nge-stethoscope, kodwa ngokuqapha komzimba.Uma zonke izikhathi ezikhulunywayo zicatshangwa futhi zigcinwe, ukubeletha nge-EPA kuyoba lula ngawe , futhi ungabeletha umntwana onempilo ngaphandle kobuhlungu futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
I-Afterword
Namuhla, izifo eziningi zesayensi-gynecologists ziyavumelana: I-EPA isengenye yezindlela zanamuhla zesifo sokubulala izinzwa ekubelethweni. Noma kunjalo, akuyona into enhle, uma kuphela ngenxa yokwandisa kakhulu izindleko zokubeletha. Kodwa isayensi ayimi, izithiyo zezinambuzane azimeli lapho futhi ziqhubeke nokufuna ukunakekelwa okungcono kwabesifazane ekubelethweni. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, manje eNgilandi ukuzalwa kuyanda kakhulu ... ngaphansi kwe-hypnosis. Okuyinhloko yale nqubo yilokho ososayensi bezokwelapha abanolwazi "bahlolisisa inhlabathi" kusengaphambili ukuthi owesifazane angakwazi ukugonywa, isigaba ngesigaba ukulungiselela umzuzu obalulekile phakathi nokukhulelwa. Ngemizimba yamasimasa yesikhathi esizayo, amakilasi aqhutshwa ukwethula i-trance, okuholela ekutheni amakhono asanda kutholakala asiza ukubeletha umntwana onempilo ngaphandle kokuhlupheka nobuhlungu. Indlela yokwazi, mhlawumbe, le ndlela esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kuyoba yinto efanelekile yokuthola i-epestural anesthesia. Isikhathi sizokutshela.