Ukugoma izingane ngokumelene nomkhuhlane

Izinsana zingenakudliwa yigciwane lesandulela ngculaza, lokhu kubangelwa ukutholakala kokuzivikela, okwakutholakala kumama. Uma umama engenawo ama-antibodies avikelayo, ingozi yokuthola umkhuhlane emantwaneni uyanda. Izindlela ezingavamile zokuvimbela umkhuhlane aziletha umphumela. Ukugonywa kwabantwana ngokumelene nomkhuhlane kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela lesi sifo. Kuze kube manje, imishanguzo engavumelekile isetshenziselwe le njongo.

Imithi yokulwa nomkhuhlane

I-Vaksgripp - umgomo wokuhlanzwa (ohlanjululwe ungasebenzi ) okhishwe inkampani yaseFrance Pasteur Merri Connaught. Omunye umthamo we-inoculation uqukethe ubuncane be-micrograms ye-hemagglutinin H3N2-influenza A, 15 μg (hhayi ngaphansi) H1N1-umkhuhlane we-hemagglutinin virus, i-hemagglutinin engama-15 μg (hhayi ngaphansi) ye-virus ye-influenza B. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo wokugoma uqukethwe encane inani le-formaldehyde, i-merthiolate, imidwebo ye-neomycin ne-buffer solution.

I-Grippol iyi- vaccent trivalent vaccine (eyenziwe yi-Institute of Immunology, Russia, Moscow, Russia), equkethe ama-antigens aphezulu e-influenza A (H3N2 ne-H1N1) nomkhuhlane B, futhi iqukethe ama-antigens ahlanganisiwe ne-polyoxidonium immunostimulant. Konke lokhu ngokutholakala kwamanani ama-antigens okulinganiselwe okuncane kakhulu kunweba kakhulu imithi yokugoma.

I-Fluarix iyimithi yokuhlanza imfucuza engahlanjululwa , engakhiwe eBelgium (Smith Klein Beecham). Iqukethe ama-micrograms ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye we-haemagglutinin uhlobo olulodwa lwegciwane lesifo sengculaza, i-sucrose, i-phosphate buffer, imidwebo ye-formaldehyde ne-merthiolate (yonke imithi iphakanyiswa yi-WHO).

I-INFLUVAC , i-subunit engasetshenziselwa ukugoma komkhuhlane we- influva evezwe eNetherlands (Solvay Pharma), iqukethe ama-antigens ehlanzekile e-neuraminidase ne-hemagglutinin, etholakala emithonjeni ebalulekile yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, eyethulwa yi-WHO, ngokucabangela ukungazinzi kwegciwane.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa

Uma kunokwenzeka, ukugonywa ngokumelene nomkhuhlane kufanele kutholakale yibo bonke abantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ubudala, kodwa ukugoma kubhekwe ikakhulu phakathi kwezingane ezisengozini. Lawa yizingane:

Ukugonywa kwezingane okuphoqelelwe kwenziwa ezikoleni zasenkulisa, ezindlini zezingane nasezikoleni zokugibela. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu kugonywa kwenziwa kuphela ngentando kanye nemvume yabazali (ngaphandle kwalokho yilekhaya lomntwana).

Isikhathi sokugoma

Ukugonywa ngokumelene nomkhuhlane kuyenziwa kungakhathaliseki isikhathi sonyaka, kodwa kungcono ukuyichitha ngoSepthemba-Novemba (ngalesi sikhathi isikhathi se-influenza siqala). Kubantu abadala, umuthi wokugoma ongaqediwe ulawulwa kanye, izingane ziphathwa kabili (emkhatsini wemigomo, isikhatsi semalanga langu-30).

Ukuqapha nokuqapha

Imithi yokugoma ephilayo engenakwenziwa iphikisana nabantu abane-hypersensitivity yenkukhu kanye ne-egg squirrel. Ukutheleleka okunamandla kungaba yinkinga yesikhashana. Abantu abane-immunodeficiency bayagonywa ngegciwane elingavumelekile ngokusho kwemithetho ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, imishanguzo yokwahlukaniswa (i-Fluarix, i-Vaxigrip), imithi ye-subunit (Agrippal, Influvac) ilawulwa kuphela eneminyaka eyisithupha. Ukuvikela ingane engakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, bonke abazungezile bayagonywa.

Ukugonywa kwe-Influenza ezinganeni ezinezifo ezinzima zenziwa kuphela ngokugonywa kwe-subunit split. Amalungiselelo alandelayo afanelekile: Imishanguzo yokuhlanza i-trivalent split Influvac, Grippol, Vaxigrip, Fluarix.