Lapho sikhuluma ngezingane, inkulumo ethi "ukugwinya egumbini lamanzi" ayizwakala ingenangqondo kakhulu. Uyomangala ukuthi izinto eziyingozi zingabantwana kanjani, esizibheka ukuthi ziphephile ngokuphelele. Yini engaba ingozi yangempela empilweni nasempilo yezingane - lokhu futhi ukhulume.
Vula ilanga
Umthamo obulalayo we-ultraviolet wengane amahora amahlanu ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo. Ngolunye usuku lwangoJulayi, oluchitha ngaphansi kwelanga laseGibhithe, lingase libe ngowokugcina empilweni yengane. Kwanele ukuhlala amahora amabili kuya kwangu-4 phansi kwelanga ukuze uthole ukushaywa komshini. Ukubonakaliswa kwayo kokuqala ubuthakathaka, isiyezi, ukukhanda ikhanda, umsindo ezindlebeni. Khona-ke izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphukela cishe ku-40 ยบ C, ukushaywa umoya nokuphefumula kuyashesha, ingane iqala ukuhlukumeza. Khona-ke umfutho wegazi wakhe uzowa futhi uzophelelwa amandla. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa izimpawu zokushaywa kwesibindi ezinganeni ezincane ezingakwazi ukusho ukuthi ziphikisayo. Yebo, futhi umthamo welanga obulalayo wezingane ezinjalo ungaba ngaphansi izikhathi eziningana kunabantu abadala. Gcina ithrekhi yombuso wengane yakho ekubeni ilanga elivulekile. Ezweni lokushaqeka okushisayo, izingane eziningi zifa kunalokho ucabanga.
I-Nicotine
Akukona ngisho nezingozi zokubhema ingane. Abaningi babo "baphefumula" i-nicotine ukuze bafe. Umthamo obulala umuntu omdala ungama-cigaretti angama-85 ngesikhathi. Futhi ingane iyokwanela futhi ishumi. I-Nicotine yisifo esibi kakhulu. Ngisho namagundane aphikisana nalesi sifo ngokuvamile abulawa yi-nicotine ngomthamo we-50 mg nge kilogram yesisindo esibukhoma. Ngokwezifundo zamuva, ngomzimba womuntu, le datha iyancipha kakhulu futhi iqala kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-1 mg ngekhilogram yesisindo. Inkinga yukuthi okuthiwa "ukubhema ukubhema" ingozi yangempela empilweni nempilo yengane, kuyingozi nakakhulu kunokubhema okusebenzayo. Ngemva kokukhipha ugwayi ugwayi, umuntu obhemayo uphonsa into enobuthi emoyeni - igesi le-nicotine. Ithalela kalula emaphashini, ngokushesha isebenza ngokuqondile ebuchosheni. Umthamo wayo omncane ukwanele ukwenza umntwana alahlekelwe ulwazi noma ahlaselwe ukuhlushwa. Uma ugcina ingane egumbini elibhemayo isikhathi eside - lokhu kuzobangela izinqubo ezingenakuguquka emzimbeni wakhe futhi zingaholela ekufeni.
Utshwala
Umthamo obulala umuntu omdala yizikhumba ezingu-3 ze-vodka. Ngabantwana, isimo kulula kakhulu ukuba ingane encane ibe nengilazi yobhiya ukuze ithole utshwala obuqine kakhulu futhi ifane. Utshwala lusebenza kumntwana ngisho nangaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe, uma umama, ekhulelwe, ephuza utshwala. Sekuvele kusenesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, utshwala bulimaza ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlelo kanye nezitho zomntwana, kubangela ukungalungi okukhulu nokushintshashintsha. Umzimba wengane encane ayihambisani nokuqeda ubuthi (okunamandla kunabo bonke utshwala), isibindi sakhe asikakwazi ukuhlanza igazi ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Ngisho nesilinganiso esincane sokuphuza utshwala, uma singabulawa, khona-ke sinomonakalo impilo engcono yomntwana. Futhi mhlawumbe impilo yami yonke.
Ama-multivitamini
Uyomangala, kodwa amavithamini ngokujwayelekile amelela ingozi yangempela empilweni nasezempilo zezingane. I-dose ebulalayo yengane ngamaphilisi angu-500 ngosuku. Yiqiniso, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abagcina lezi zilungiswa ekhaya ezinengi, kodwa, ngenxa yobuthi obunzima, inani elincane kakhulu elanele. Yebo, amavithamini angasongela ukuphila. Noma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypervitaminosis kuyingozi nakakhulu kune-avitaminosis engapheli kakhulu. Lezi zinsuku zingelashwa ngokuthatha i-vitamin therapy, kodwa ngokubonakala kokubili akunakwenzeka ukubhekana nalokhu. Ngenxa yobuningi bamavithamini, umntwana uqala ukwenqaba izitho ngamunye: kuqala isibindi, izinso, isisu, amathumbu. Izimpawu zokuqala zokudlula ngokweqile kwamavithamini yizi: ikhanda, isizungu, ukuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda kanye nokuhlukunyezwa.
Ukudlulela ngokweqile kwe-vitamin B1 kubangela ukungasebenzi kwesibindi nezinso, i-vitamin B12 - ekukhuphukeni kwengozi yenhliziyo eyingozi, ukuvinjelwa kwegazi ngokushesha, ukoma, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane, ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kancane. Ukwedlula u-vitamin E emzimbeni wezingane kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwamagciwane, i-thrombophlebitis, i-necrotic colitis (ukwehluleka kwezintuthwane, ukubola kwesibindi, ukushaya kwesifo esibi kakhulu).
Kodwa amavithamini namanje asewusizo kakhulu kunokulimaza. Uma ubathatha ngendlela efanele, emalini ekhonjisiwe emiyalweni, amavithamini ngeke alethe ingozi empilweni nasezempilo zezingane.
Usawoti
Cishe wayengazi lokhu, kodwa umthamo wokusawoti obulalayo wengane ungama-gramu ayi-100 ngesidlo ngasinye.
Izilinganiso zenziwa kwamakhompi abonisa ukuthi amagremu ama-3 kasawoti nge kilogram yesisindo esibukhoma angabulala izilwane. Kodwa akusikho konke okungaqondakali. Umbuzo oyinhloko wukuthi lezi amagremu angu-100 zizodliwa kanjani. Uma nje futhi ngaphandle kwemanzi - ingane okwenza lokhu akunakwenzeka ukuba usinde. Ngenxa yokuthi usawoti owedlula ngokweqile uphakamisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, okuyinto ngokwawo kakade kuyingozi kakhulu empilweni nasezempilo zezingane! Kodwa akusikho konke - ukudliwa okwedlulele ngokweqile kuvame ukuhambisana nokuvuvukala okukhulu (1 g usawoti kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwe-100 ml of fluid emzimbeni). Kodwa eyingozi kunazo zonke i-edema yobuchopho namaphaphu, ngenxa yalokho ukufa okuzofika nakanjani.
Ikhofi
I-dose ebulalayo yabantwana yizinkomishi ezingu-50 ze-espresso eqinile. Uyamangala? Lokhu kuyinqobo eqinisiwe yesayensi: umthamo obulalayo we-92 mg nge-1 kg wesisindo bukhoma. Kuye ngesisindo nokuzwela komuntu ngamunye nge-caffeine esithombeni somuntu esivela ku-150 kuya ku-200 mg. Ngakho umthamo obulalayo omuntu omdala uzoba yi-12 amagremu we-caffeine, kanye nengane-izikhathi eziningana ngaphansi. I-espresso eqinile neyiqiniso ivela e-Italy, kodwa ekugcineni kwethu akuvamile. Umzimba wethu awuhambisani nokudla ama-dose amakhulu e-caffeine. Eqinisweni, lesi sici sinjenge-adrenaline, futhi kuyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni. Yebo, futhi kubantu abadala kuyingozi yangempela. Phela, izinkomishi ezingu-150 zekhofi (lokhu kuphela amalitha angu-4.5 kuphela) okwanele ukubulala umuntu.
Amanzi
Lokhu kuyamangalisa ngempela, kepha umthamo wamanzi obulalayo omuntu omdala ungama-8-10 amalitha ngosuku. Izakhamuzi zithi uma udla amakholori angu-1000, ilitha lamanzi kufanele lidakwe. Umphakathi omdala udla ama-kilojoule ka-2000 kuya ku-2500 ngosuku ngesikhathi sokudla, ngakho ngesilinganiso adinga ukuphuza kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-2 amalitha amanzi ngosuku. Ukudlula ngokweqile kwamanzi izikhathi ezingu-3-4 kungaholela ekuthiwa yi-poisoning ngamanzi noma ukudakwa, okubangelwa ukuphulwa komzimba wamanzi usawoti emzimbeni.
Endabeni yezingane, konke kuyingozi kakhulu. Izinso azikwazi ukuhambisa amanzi amaningi ngokweqile, ukugxila kasawoti kunciphisa kakhulu, futhi amanzi aqala ukugcwalisa isikhala se-intracellular. Ngenxa yalokho, konke lokhu kuholela ekuvupheni kobuchopho namaphaphu, futhi maduzane sekuzofa. Futhi okubi kakhulu ukuthi uma kwenzeka ubuthi ngamanzi, cishe akukho lutho olungenziwa. Ukwenza umzimba ngokushesha ususe amanzi angaphezulu akunakwenzeka.
Ugesi
Leli phuzu, mhlawumbe, akekho ongabaza. Umthamo obulala umuntu omdala ungaphezu kuka-0.1 ampere. Ingane iyaneliseka kakhulu. Ukuqhathaniswa: ngesikhathi sokushona kwezihlalo zikagesi, okugcina ukuhambisana kwawo okungenani eziyisithupha zase-US, okwamanje isetshenziswa kuze kufike ku-6 amps! Umphumela wamanje uhlala emasekhondini angu-20, ngokufa kuvele ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa indlu kagesi nayo iyingozi kakhulu. Ngokweqikithi, uma uthatha isikhali eside eside ngezandla ezimanzi bese uphonsela ekhoneni, lapho i-voltage engu-220 volts, uzothola ukukhishwa kagesi kusuka ku-0.1 kuya ku-0.2 amperes. Ngemuva kwemizuzwana 1-3 umoya wakho uzophelelwa amandla, inhliziyo yakho iyoyeka, ukufa kuzofika. Akudingeki ukuthi, uma kwenzeka izingane zikwazi ukukwenza lokhu le mbono. Ungathembi ngisho nezingane ezindala (iminyaka engu-7-9 ubudala) ukuze zisebenzise izixhobo zikagesi zodwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke isebenze ngokugcwele, futhi isifunda esifushane singenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Umiyane uluma
I-dose ebulalayo yomuntu omdala ihlaselwa ngamabhiliyoni angu-500 000, kubantwana - 100 000. Futhi lokhu kuphela uma kungekho ukungezwani komuthi wamangqamuzana. Umswakama wesifazane, olinganisa isilinganiso se-2.6 mg, ungasondla igazi njengoba nje ulinganisa, okungukuthi. cishe 5 mg noma 0.005 ml. Igazi liyingxenye engama-7% yobuningi bomzimba womuntu. Emzimbeni womuntu omdala ophakathi kuka-5.5 amalitha wegazi. Ungalahlekelwa ngu-15% wegazi lonke ngaphandle kokuyekethisa impilo yakho, kodwa ukulahlekelwa okuhambisanayo kwamalitha angu-2 kuya ku-2.5 kungabhekwa njengokubulala. Ngakho-ke, uma uhambela ehlathini, uyalunywa ingxenyane yezimiyane eziyizigidi - ibhizinisi lakho libi kakhulu. Ingozi yangempela empilweni nempilo yabantwana imelelwa yizinkulungwane eziyikhulu zokukhala.