Njengamanje, inani elikhulu labantu abanakho i-folic acid, kodwa ezimweni eziningi abazi lutho ngakho. Kodwa i-folic acid (noma, ngenye indlela, i-vitamin B9) iyisici esibalulekile kakhulu emzimbeni, kubaluleke kakhulu i-vitamin. Kuvezwe ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwaleli vithamini kubantwana nakwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukuntuleka kwevithamini B9 kuvame ukugeleza ngokungapheli. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umuntu uyathukuthela, ukukhathala kwanda kanye nesifiso sinciphisa, bese kuhlanza, isifo sohudo singase senzeke, futhi ekugcineni izinwele ziphuma, kanye namafomu emlonyeni. I-Folic acid iyinhlangano eminingi eyenzekayo emzimbeni: ukwakhiwa kwama-erythrocytes, ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-cardiovascular, ne-nervous and immune, izinqubo zokuxuba umzimba, umsebenzi wezinambuzane zamathumbu. Njengoba kunesifo esibi se-folic acid, i-megaloblastic anemia iqala, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi iholela ekufeni.
I-Vitamin B9 ihlakazeka emanzini, umzimba womuntu awuklanyelwanga, ufika nokudla, futhi ungakhiqizwa nezincane ezincane emathunjini amakhulu.
Imisebenzi ye-Vitamin B9
Izakhiwo ze-folic acid ziningi, ngakho kubalulekile:
- ubamba iqhaza ekufaniseni, ezokuthutha kanye nokubola kwama-protein;
- kuthuthukisa ukusebenza ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo;
- ubamba iqhaza ezinkambisweni zemithi;
- kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqalisweni kwe-RNA ne-DNA, okuyiyona eyabangela ukugcinwa nokudluliselwa kwezici zefa;
- ikhuthaza ukufaniswa kwama-amino acids kanye noshukela;
- kuvimbela ukwakheka kwezidumbu;
- unethonya lomzimba;
- iqhaza ohlelweni lokubunjwa kwamangqamuzana egazi (i-leukocytes, i-erythrocytes nama-platelets);
- kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis;
- ishesha ukuvuselela (izinyathelo zokuphulukisa);
- kujwayelekile ukusebenza komgudu wokugaya ukudla;
- kunomthelela ekwandeni kokhiqizwa ubisi.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuba nesisindo esidingekayo samavithamini kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba i-vitamin B9 ayihilelekanga kuphela ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukiseni i-neural tube ye-fetus, kodwa futhi ibangele ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-placenta.
Ukudla okuqukethe i-folic acid
I-folic acid ingatholakala ekudleni okuhlukahlukene: lezi yizinto zomkhiqizo wezilwane nezilwane.
Eyokuqala yilezi: imifino eluhlaza (ulethisi, i-parsley, anyanisi oluhlaza, isipinashi), ubhontshisi (ama-peas aluhlaza, ubhontshisi), ezinye okusanhlamvu (i-oat ne-buckwheat), i-bran, ubhanana, izaqathe, ithanga, imvubelo, amantongomane, ama-apricot, ama-orang, amakhowe .
Eminye imikhiqizo yezilwane ezivela emlonyeni: inkukhu, isibindi, inhlanzi (i-salmon, i-tuna), iwundlu, ubisi, inyama yenkomo, ushizi, amaqanda.
Ukungabi ne-folic acid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuntuleka kwevithamini B9 kungaholela emiphumeleni engaphenduki:
- i-hernia cerebral;
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu ngokukhulelwa;
- i-palate yempisi noma lip lip;
- ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- i-edema yengqondo (i-hydrocephalus);
- ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi;
- ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni kwengqondo kwengane;
- spina bifida emntwaneni;
- ukubeletha nokukhipha isisu;
- ukungabi khona kwengqondo (anencephaly);
Ekuhluphekeni okukhulelwe kakhulu kungaboniswa ifomu:
- Toxicosis;
- ubuhlungu emilenzeni;
- ukucindezeleka.
Isidingo se-folic acid ngosuku
Isidingo somuntu omdala nsuku zonke singu-400 mcg. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, imfuneko kaningi kabili - 800 mcg.
Ukwengeza, ukutholakala kwamavithamini kufanele kuqalwe uma kwenzeka:
- isidingo esikhulu se-folic acid (isikhathi sokulahlwa, ukukhulelwa, iminyaka yezingane (isikhathi sokukhula), ukuthatha izinkinga zokukhulelwa, abantu abanomdlavuza);
- ukutholakala ngokwanele kwezinto ezinokudla;
- ukuphazanyiswa kwenqubo yokumuncwa emathunjini.
Izikhathi zokuthatha i-vitamin B9 kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kuyisimo lapho owesifazane eqala ukuthatha i-vitamin ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhulelwa. I-folic acid ekhulelwe iyalwe ngesikhathi sokubeka nokubunjwa kwe-neural tube ye-fetus, okungukuthi, emasontweni okuqala angu-12-14. Ukwamukelwa kokuvikela kunciphisa amathuba okuthuthukisa amaphutha we-neural tube kanye nokubonakala kwezimo ezihlukahlukene.