Ukukhulelwa akuyona nje isikhathi esijabulisayo, lapho umama olindelayo elindele ukuzalwa kwezikhukhula zakhe ezilinde isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kokulindela okujabulisayo, le nkathi ivame ukugcwala izinkathazo nokukhathazeka, ngoba wonke umama ufuna umntwana wakhe azalwe enempilo futhi ekhathazeke kakhulu uma izinkinga ziqala ngokungazelelwe. Enye yezimanga ezingathandeki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungase kube izindaba zokubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus.
Njengoba ungakwazi ukuqagela egameni ngokwayo, le nkinga ingenxa yokugaya kwengane yomntwana, osesiswini. Phakathi kodokotela, lezi zingane ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi "ezincane". Ngokuvamile, lezi zinsana zizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunesidingo ngenkambo evamile yokukhulelwa. Njengomthetho, iminyaka yobugayi ayifinyelele emavikini angu-36. Kuzo zonke izingane ezinokubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni i-intrauterine, kuphela ama-5-6% azalwa okwamanje.
Izinhlobonhlobo nobukhulu bokuphuza ukukhula kokukhula komntwana
Ukulibaziseka ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus kungalinganisana noma ku-asymmetric. Ngokulibaziseka okulinganiselwe , ubukhulu bomzimba buhambisana nokukhula komntwana. Okungukuthi, uma kunesidingo esisisindo somzimba, khona-ke inhlangano-nhlangano ayitholakali kancane. Ngamanye amazwi, ingane yonke iyathuthukiswa ngokuvumelana, okuncane kakhulu kunalokho okumele kube khona, ngokusho kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa kowesifazane.
Njengoba kunomthamo wokuthuthukiswa okungajwayelekile, umntwana uthuthukiswa njengoba kunqunywe isikhathi sokukhulelwa kwamanje, kodwa kunesisindo emzimbeni wakhe. Ngamanye amazwi, uvame ukukhula nokujikeleza kwekhanda, kodwa ulinganisa kakhulu kunalokho okufanele. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokusho kokubonwa odokotela, ukuphungulwa kwe-asymmetric yentuthuko ye-fetal kuvame kakhulu kuneyodwa.
Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zezilwane, ukungalashwa kwe-intrauterine (HRV) nakho kuhlolwe ngobuqili. Ukuphakama izinga le-RVRP, kuyingozi nakakhulu impilo, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nangomntwana wengomuso.
- I-degree - i-fetus ibambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni kwayo amasonto amabili
- I-II degree - le-fetus ibambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni kwayo ngesonto eli-3-4
- I-III degree - le-fetus ibambezelekile ekuthuthukiseni isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amane.
Kungani kukhona ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus
Yiqiniso, i-fetus ingahle ibambezele ekuthuthukisweni akulula. Kunezizathu zento yonke futhi lesi simo akuyona into ehlukile. Ake sicabangele izimbangela eziyinhloko zokulinda ukukhulelwa kwentombazane:
- isisombululo sokuphazamiseka kwesisu;
- ukudla okubi kakhulu kwabesifazane;
- Ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngobuningi bemama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kumaqoqo ama-chromosomes;
- ukudluliselwa ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (ikakhulukazi i-herpes, i-toxoplasmosis ne-rubella);
- Umsebenzi ongajwayelekile we-placenta (ukungeneli okwanele kwengane enezakhi zomzimba). Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungumphumela wesigestosis esinzima;
- umthelela omubi wendawo (imvelo engcolile, amazinga aphezulu emisebe, njll);
- Ukwamukelwa okungalawulwa kwemithi ethile.
Uma ukubhema, ukuthatha utshwala nemithi eqinile, kanye nemimoya embi engokwemvelo, cishe akungabazeki, ngoba noma yimuphi umama ozayo uzoqonda ukuthi lokhu kungaholela ekuhlukunyezweni okuhlukahlukene ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus, ezinye izizathu kufanele zibhekwe ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-placenta, kanye nodokotela bokukhuluma, ukungakwazi ukuhamba ngokulinganayo kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-ZVRP.Nje lokhu kuvame ukukhathala ukukhathala okwenziwe ekuthuthukisweni. Ngenxa yokuthi i-placenta ayikwazi ukunikeza ingane izakhi ezinomsoco, ingane ayinayo ithuba lokuthuthukisa ngendlela evamile. Ukungakwazi kahle kwe-phytoplacental kungathuthuka ngenxa ye-gestosis, futhi kusukela ekuthuthukisweni okubi kwe-cord umbilical. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuningi.
Nokho, ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukusungula imbangela ye-ZVRP. Odokotela bangenza izicabango ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyeni okuvamile kwezikhalazo zesifazane. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni akubangelwa yinye, kodwa izizathu eziningana.
Izimpawu zokulinda ukukhulelwa kwesisu
Ngeshwa, lesi sifo asinayo izimpawu ezinjalo ezaziwa ukuthi owesifazane angakwazi ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukhona. Kunesikhathi sokubona ukuthi ingane ayifuni kahle, kungenzeka kuphela ukuvakashela odokotela njalo.
Kubantu ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlangabezana nombono onjalo ukuthi uma owesifazane ngesikhathi ekhulelwe ezuza isisindo esincane kakhulu, khona-ke isithelo siyaphuthuka ukuthuthukiswa. Eqinisweni, lesi akusona isitatimende sangempela. Kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona abesifazane abathola isisindo esiningi ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingane isalindile ekuthuthukisweni. Nakuba kunezimo ezibucayi, lapho owesifazane okhulelwe ngokuzumayo ethatha isinqumo sokulahlekelwa amakhilogremu amaningi futhi uzohlala ngokudla okuqinile. Lapha, noma yikuphi umuntu ozoqonda ukuthi umama wesikhathi esizayo kulesi simo uyingozi kakhulu impilo yengane yakhe engakazalwa.
Isikhathi esithile sokubambezeleka ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa ukuthi kunjani nokuthi ingane ihamba kangakanani esiswini. Uma owesifazane eqaphela ukuthi umntfwana waqala ukuhamba kancane kakhulu futhi ukuzamazama kwawo kwaba buthakathaka, ngakho kufanele ngokushesha ubize i-ambulensi bese uhlola.
Ukuhlolwa kanjani?
Okokuqala udokotela uhlola njalo lona wesifazane. Uma kuqaphele ukuthi le nsikazi incane kunesayizi ebekwe ngesikhathi esinikeziwe, khona-ke ithumela umama wesikhathi esizayo ku-ultrasound, ngoba kukhona ukucabanga ukuthi ingane ingaphansi kunalokho okufanele ibe khona.
Ngesikhathi se-ultrasound, ochwepheshe bazokwazi ukulinganisa umjikelezo wekhanda nesisu somntwana, kanye nobude bethanga lakhe. Isisindo esilinganiselwe somntwana sizobalwa.
Ngemuva kwe-ultrasound, umama olindelekile angabuye athunyelwe ukuhlolwa kwe-dopplerometric. Ngiyabonga, odokotela bazokwazi ukuhlola isimo sezimpahla ze-placenta kanye nentambo yomzimba futhi banqume ukuthi kukhona yini okungavamile kwesikhumba. Okokugcina, i-cardiotocography ye-intrauterine fetus izokwenziwa, ngenxa yokuthi odokotela bazokwazi ukunquma ukuthi yimuphi umntanakho manje, futhi ukuthola ukuthi i-hypoxia ikhona yini.
Indlela yokwelapha ukuthuthukiswa kokufelwa kwe-fetal?
I-IRRT kufanele iphathwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uyivimbele ukuba ingaba yizinga elibi. Isikhathi esithile udokotela angalinda kancane ngokuthatha izinyathelo ukulibazisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus ngesonto elilodwa, kodwa akukho nhlobo ngaphezulu. Kodwa ngisho nakulokhu, udokotela angayibona ingane engapheli izinsuku ezingu-5-7, futhi uma engekho ukuthuthukiswa, kufanele aqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Ukwelapha ngemithi
Ukuze kuqedwe ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus, udokotela, njengomthetho, ubeka imithi, isenzo esilandelwa yi-nato ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwegazi ku-placenta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile i-kursitamins enqunyiwe ukusekela umama nengane.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla
Ukudla kwesifazane okhulelwe kumele kube nokulinganisela ngokuphelele. Emenyu kufanele ibe khona imifino, izithelo, kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi. Kunconywa ngokukhethekile ukuba udle ukudla okunamaprotheni, njengoba isidingo sabo sizokhula kakhulu.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa komntwana akuyona isinqumo kunoma yikuphi. Le nkinga ingaqedwa uma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iphenduka ukungabi nalutho futhi iqhuba ukwelashwa okufanele.