Ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba kwengane ezinyangeni ezingu-5 kungenziwa ngezimiso ezimbili: ukuthuthukiswa kwe-anthropological kanye namakhono emoto. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-anthropological kubhekisela ekubhalweni kokuphakama, isisindo kanye nesimo sekhanda kumazinga ezempilo. Amakhono emoto afaka ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba kwezingane. Ukunakwa sicela! Lesi sihloko sibonisa izindinganiso ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa kwezingane ezinyangeni ezingu-5, okuphakanyiswa yi-World Health Organization (WHO).
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-anthropological yengane ezinyangeni ezingu-5
Ngo-2006, i-WHO yasungula izindlela ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa kwe-anthropological. Izindinganiso zangaphambilini zenziwe eminyakeni engu-20 eyedlule futhi ziphelelwe yisikhathi kakhulu. Ngokwezifundo ezinkulu, amanani wangaphambilini avuliwe ngama-15-20%! Babesebenza ngokuvumelana "nabakhi" abathola ngokushesha isisindo. Futhi abantwana ekunceliseni ibele babesengozini. Ngenxa yalokho, omama belusebele, odokotela belulekisele ukuzondeza izingane ngezingxube zokufakelwa, izinkinga ezivusa ukugaya nokunciphisa umzimba. Kuyamangalisa, kodwa abaningi bezingane zasemakhaya abasazazi imithetho emisha! Kubangelwa ukukhubazeka okungenakukhona kwentuthuko, inikeze izincomo eziyingozi, kuphinde futhi bakhathaze abazali.
Etafuleni elingezansi, isisindo esiphezulu, ukuphakama, kanye nomjikelezo wekhanda kuhle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuvumelana nezingane ezizalwe ngesisindo "esihle" esingu 3.2-3.4 kg. Uma izinkomba zezingane zihambisana phakathi kwemingcele ephansi nangaphezulu, lokhu kuyinto evamile. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amanani aphansi ayingxenye yezingane ezalwa ngokuntuleka kwesisindo (ngaphansi kuka-3 kg). Futhi izindinganiso ezingenhla zingenxa yezingane ezinkulu. Uma umntwana ezalwa enesisindo esingu 2.4-4.2 kg, kodwa angangeni ezindinganisweni, kubalulekile ukuwuhlola kusuka ochwepheshe.
egcwele izinyanga ezingu-5 | value value | umkhawulo ophansi wendabuko | umkhawulo ongaphezulu wejwayelekile |
isisindo samantombazane | 6.8-7 kg | kusuka ku 5,4 kg | kufika ku-8.8 kg |
isisindo sabafana | 7.4-7.6 kg | kusuka ku-6 kg | kufika ku-9.4 kg |
ukukhula kwamantombazane | Amamitha angu-64 | kusuka ku-59.5 amasentimitha | kuze kube ngu-68.5 cm |
ukukhula kwabafana | 66 cm | kusuka ku-61.5 amasentimitha | kuze kube ngu-70 cm |
ikhanda lokukhanda emantombazaneni | 41.5 amasentimitha | kusuka kumamitha angu-39 | kuze kube ngu-44 cm |
ikhanda lesikhulu kubafana | 42.5 amasentimitha | kusuka ku-40 cm | kufika ku-45 cm |
Amakhono emoto omntwana ezinyangeni ezingu-5
Esikhathini sendawo yezemoto, inqubekela phambili enkulu kakhulu ibonakala. Imisipha ephuma hypertonicity ekugcineni ikhishwe futhi iqala ukwenza ngendlela ehlelekile ngendlela ehlelekile. Ingane iqala ukuvuthwa - okungukuthi, ukunyakaza okujwayelekile komzimba, lapho cishe yonke imisipha ibandakanyeka. Yiqiniso, izingane zingasusa umzimba wonke ekuzalweni. Kodwa kuphela ngenyanga yesihlanu imilenze, izingalo, emuva nangentamo isenzo ekhonsathini, ukulalela umgomo owodwa.
Ezinyangeni ezingu-5, iningi lezingane selivele liziphendulela emathunjini abo ngemuva. Ezinye izingane sezivele zikwazi ukuphendulela kusukela emuva kuya esiswini. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingane ziyakwazi ukuchitha isikhathi esithile endaweni ehleliwe. Ngakho ingane kulula ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani nxazonke futhi uxhumane nabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, akukhuthazwa ukubeka ingane efenisha elithambile noma ukubeka umcamelo ngaphansi. Ubuso kufanele bube bunzima kakhulu, ngethempelithi ekhululekile. Kumntwana akalulali intamo futhi akayikuguqa, uyitshale endaweni elula yokubukeza.
Izinguquko eziphawulekayo zenzeka ekutheni ingane ikwazi ukuhamba ngesimo esiswini. Izingane zithatha i-frog, zishaye ngezinyawo ziqhube phambili. Ezinye izingane zikhahlela kuphela ngosizo lwezandla. Kwenzeka ukuthi ingane iqala ukubuyela emuva, kodwa kamuva iqala "ukuhamba phambili".
Ingxenye yeselula yomzimba yizandla zomntwana. Bahlale behamba. Ingane ifinyelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezihloko futhi izama ukubamba. Noma kunjalo, ukuxoshwa kwesenzo akuvumelekile, akukho inkululeko eyanele yokunyakaza komunwe. Izingane esikhundleni se-zagrebut kunezinto ezithandekayo ze-vzbmut.
Izimpawu zokubonakaliswa ngokomzimba:
- Ingane iphenduka;
- Ungalala esiswini sakhe wenze "ukugwinya": udonsa imilenze bese uphatha, ugoba futhi uphakamise ikhanda lakhe;
- Ugcina ikhanda lakhe kahle uma ehlezi ngokusekelwa komuntu omdala;
- Uyazi ukuthi ungabamba kanjani ibhodlela ngezandla zakhe bese ubamba umama kunina;
- Uphumelela ezinyaweni zeminwe;
- Ngokuqiniseka ngokwanele ngale ndaba, ngentshisekelo yokudlala ne-rattle.