I-Mandarin (i-Citrus reticulata) ingowomndeni wama-rutae futhi uyisihlahla esincane segatsha esinamagatsha ajwayelekile. Shiya i-lanceolate lesikhumba. Isici esiyingqayizivele kukhona amaphiko amancane ahlanganiswe nama-petioles amaqabunga amakhulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila kweqabunga ngalinye liyiminyaka engama-4. Ukuphakama komuthi omdala wama-mandarin, uma uneminyaka engama-90, ungangena ku-3.5 m. Ubukhulu obufanayo buzuzwa ngomqhele wesi-mandarin owawububanzi. Izimbali ze-Citrus reticulata ziyizinsizwa zobungqingili, ubukhulu obukhulu, zibe nephunga elimnandi.
Izithelo zama-mandarin zakhiwa emagatsheni amancane futhi zibhekwa ngamasentimitha amancane (ama-gramu angama-60-80), i-flattened or slightly elongated shape, umbala ogqamile, iphunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okuqabulayo, ukungabi khona kwemikhosi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-orange, i-mandarin ikhasi lihlukanisa kalula kusuka ku-pulp. Akukho bunzima ekuhlukaniseni inyama komunye nomunye.
Izinhlobo ze-tangerines zangaphakathi
I-mandarin ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Unshiu ezingenalutho, ezisakazwa ngokwemifino (ngezingxenye zomoya noma imishanguzo). Amaqabunga asitshalo anesici sokuqothulwa. Asikho isikhathi sokuphumula salesi mandarin, ukuvuselelwa kweqabunga kwenzeka kancane kancane kulo nyaka.
Ukunakekela isitshalo
Ukushisa nokukhanya. Isihluthulelo sempumelelo empilweni yama-mandarini yizinga lokushisa. I-plant yangaphakathi ye-mandarin isifisa kokubili ukukhanyisa nokufudumala. Ngakho izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu ekukhuleni kwefihlekile, izimbali nezimpande eziphumelelayo ziyi-15-18 ° C. Ebusika, kubalulekile ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lika-12 ° C ngokukhanyisa okuhle. Ezikhathini eziphakeme ze "ubusika" lesi sitshalo saphela ukuthela izithelo.
Isitshalo seMandarin sithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Kodwa-ke, ezikhathini ezishisayo zasehlobo kungcono ukufihla isitshalo ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ukubekwa okuthandekayo kuyobekwa ukubekwa kwe-mandarin entshonalanga noma iwindi lesempumalanga.
Ukunisela. Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukuphuza le ndlu indlu ngokuningi ngamanzi afudumele; Ebusika, ukuchelela okulinganiselayo kwanele izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukoma komhlaba ngisho ebusika, okungaholela ekuwiweni okungakapheli kwezithelo namaqabunga. Ukuphuza ngokweqile kuyophinde kuchithe lesi sitshalo. Nciphisa inani lemfuno yokunisela kusukela ngo-Okthoba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinyangeni zasehlobo i-mandarins idinga ukupomfa njalo. Inqubo efanayo kufanele yenziwe uma kwenzeka umoya omile ekamelweni ebusika, kungenjalo isitshalo sinezinambuzane ezinjenge-scabbards kanye nezibungu.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zitshalwe njalo ngonyaka, futhi kuphela lapho izimpande zitshalo zimbozwa kahle ngophuzu lomhlabathi. Uma lokhu kungakaze kwenzeke kakade, kwanele ukufaka izendlalelo zenhlabathi engenhla kanye neyomanzi ngamanzi amasha.
Izihlahla ze-fruiting ezidalwa zifakelwa ngokungajwayelekile - nbsp; hhayi okungaphezu kwesikhombisa eminyakeni engu-2-3. Ukutshala kufanele kube ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula, futhi emva kokuphela kokukhula, lokhu akunconywa. I-clod yomhlaba akufanele ibhujiswe ngokuphelele lapho isitshalo sidluliselwa esidlweni esisha. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-collar yezimpande cishe cishe ezingeni elifanayo njengezitsha zakudala.
Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi okwenzelwe izitshalo ezincane zama-mandarin: inhlabathi enamagatsha, i-humus evela emgodini wezinkomo, i-turf nesihlabathi ku-1: 1: 2: 1. Uma kwenzeka izitshalo ezindala zamaMandarin, isilinganiso sezingxenye zenhlabathi kufanele sishintshwe - 1: 1: 3: 1 - bese ufaka ubumba obunamafutha.
Ukukhiqiza. I-Mandarin isitshalo esasakazwa ngokwemvelo, ngokuhlanganiswa, nge-cuttings kanye ne-cuttings, okungavamile yizimbewu. Ekhaya, indlela efanele kakhulu yi-cuttings. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uvumelanise ngokugcwele isitshalo ezindaweni ezigumbini, kubalulekile ukutshala imbewu bese uyikhulela egumbini. Qaphela ukuthi ukunambitheka okuvuthiwe kwezithelo kubonakala ekamelweni izitshalo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuyadingeka ukondla isitshalo ngokuququza umquba ngoJuni-Julayi, ngaleyo ndlela ukwandisa okuqukethwe kweshukela kwesithelo. Izihlahla ezindala zidinga umanyolo owengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma zingaketshenziswanga isikhathi eside. Ebusika, ama-mandarini kufanele ahlonywe, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha. Okufanele kakhulu kuhlanganiswe umquba wamaminerali kanye namanyolo ephilayo njengendlela yezinkomo.
Izinkinga ezikhethekile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inhlabathi yezihlahla ezincane kunconywa ukuba ilula, futhi kubantu abadala kuyindlala. Izinga eliphezulu le-acidity yenhlabathi liyi-6.5-7.
Ungafaki isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza noma ukufumbaza, lokhu kuzoholela ekuphoqeni kokuqala kokubili kwezimbali nezithelo.
Uma kwenzeka ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomhlabathi emhlabathini, amaqabunga ama-mandarin abe amancane, aphuzi futhi asheshe awa; izimbali azibunjwa, izithelo - cha. Khona-ke kunconywa ukuthi utshale isitshalo bese wenza umanyolo.
Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nombuso wokunisela, njengokunisela okukhulu, amaqabunga emithi angahle aphuzi emaphethelweni bese ewa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ukubonakala kwamakha amaqabunga omile kuveza ukushisa kwelanga noma ukutshala izinambuzane.
Umswakama obuningi kanye nezakhi zomhlabathi, ukungabi nokukhanyisa ebusika nokuphuza ngamanzi abandayo kanye ne-drafts kubhekene nokulahlekelwa okusheshayo kwamaqabunga.
Izinambuzane. Izinambuzane ezivame ukwedlula zonke zase-citrus ziyizicabha. Mayelana nokubukeka kwabo bakhuluma ama-plaque ama-brownish ebusweni besitshalo namaqabunga. Izihlangu zidla phezu kwesisindo se-cell yesitshalo, kanti amaqabunga abuna, aphikisana futhi awa.
Londoloza isihlahla sama-mandarin singaba sishaye ngokugcwele isitshalo nge-insecticide. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa isixazululo esingu-0.15% se-actinic (1-2 ml ngehora elilodwa lamanzi), i-decis noma i-carbofos.
Ezimweni zomoya omile kakhulu, umlenze wesicabucabu uhlala ezindaweni ezitshalweni zesitshalo. Kungathathwa kalula ngokuba khona kwezicabucabu kulezi zindawo. Lesi sitshalo siba buthakathaka, izithelo ziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Impendulo ephumelelayo uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu isiphilisi ngesisombululo esingu-0.15% se-actinic. Kodwa-ke, ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kwanele ukugeza lesi sitshalo ngamanzi asozini.