Umlando wesidlo
Umlandeli we-mousaka wamanje yisidlo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Magum, iresiphi yalo egcinwe kuyi-cookbook yesi-Arabhu yekhulu le-13. Lesi sidlo sasendulo sifana nesitshalo seqanda saseGreek. Leli bhuku liqukethe iresiphi ye "musakhan" - isidlo esivela ku-Lebanese cuisine futhi silungiselelwa ezinsukwini zethu eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Noma kunjalo, ayihlangene nhlobo iresiphi ye-classical.
Akunakwenzeka ukusetha usuku oluqondile lokubukeka kwe-moussaka. Kukholelwa ukuthi kungabonakala ekuqaleni kokupheka kwesiGreki sasendulo. Ngakho, umlando walesi sidlo uneminyaka engaba yizinkulungwane ezintathu. Kwase kuyiminyaka eminingi indawo yaseGrisi yayingaphansi kwejoka lamaTurkey, okungeke lilethe isiko labo kuphela, kodwa futhi nemikhuba yamazwe e-culinary. Isidlo saseMpumalanga sathinteka ematheni amahle aseMedithera, okwaholela ekusenikeni kwe-moussaka.
Ngokombiko owodwa, igama elithi "moussaka" livela ku-Arabhu "musaqqa", okusho ukuthi "chilled" (isenzo esithi "saqqa" - ukupholisa). Emazweni ase-Arab, le dish ibizwa ngokuthi isaladi ebandayo yamatamatisi kanye nama-aubergines, afana nesihloko sase-Italy. Kukhona futhi iphutha elithi "moussaka" lisho "amajikijolo", okukhombisa ngokucacile ukuvelela kwesidlo.
Izici zokupheka i-moussaki ezikhungweni ezahlukene zabantu bomhlaba
Izimfanelo zokunambitheka kwe-Turkish and Greek moussaki zihluke kakhulu. AmaTurkey esikhundleni sama-eggplants asebenzisa i-zucchini noma i-peas, futhi imikhiqizo iyabanjiswa ndawonye, futhi ayifakiwe. EMoldova, isidlo esifanayo siphekwe isigamu senyama inyama nengxenye yemifino, nakuba kunemifino yonke yemifino. Kodwa inguqulo yesiGulgaria ye-dish yilezo zonke izinhlobo ze-casserole inyama enobisi namazambane. Isi-Greek moussaka sifana ne-grivech yesiBulgaria, okusho ukuthi "freebie".
EGreece, i-moussaka iyinhlamba ekhukhumeziwe eyenziwe ngegundane, utamatisi nama-eggplants agcwele umsila omhlophe. I-Balkan version ye-dish (eRomania, eSerbia naseBosnia) ayifuni ukusetshenziswa kwe-aubergines - kunokuba ihlanganise utamatisi ovuthiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izitshalo zengezwa ku-moussaka - anyanisi, iklabishi, i-zucchini, amazambane. E-Croatia, kune-noodle namakhowe amaningi engeziwe.
Iresiphi ye-classic mousdovan moussaka
Ukuze ulungise lesi sidlo uzodinga ama-eggplants, u-anyanisi kanye no-utamatisi, okuhlanjululwa ngaphambili nokuhlanzwa. IWundlu yilona isithako esivame kakhulu kule nguqulo ye-moussaka, iningi le-veal, futhi ngisho nangaphansi kancane - ingulube. Isilinganiso sempilo nemifino kufanele kube yi-1: 1. Inyama ehlanziwe yenziwa yizicucu ezincane, njenge-goulash, nemifino - emibuthanweni. Ngezinye izikhathi ku-moussaka ukwengezela ukwengeza noma iklabishi, noma amazambane, noma i-zucchini.
Khona-ke, efomini lokugcoba, okokuqala faka amaqabunga, bese utamatisi, anyanisi, neminye imifino kanye nendwangu yokugcina yenyama, bese uphinda uphinde ubheke zonke izingxenye. Ngemuva kwezingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu, isidlo sinamanzi futhi sophelelwa ngamakhako (igalikhi, i-leaf leaf, i-parsley, i-dill, i-ground pepper). Izingcezu zenyama ziyashukela futhi zihlukaniswe ngokwehlukana. Ingqimba yokugcina yesitsha kufanele ibe yimifino. Konke lokhu kugcwele amafutha yemifino, ukhilimu omuncu futhi uthunyelwe kuhhavini ngehora.
Isitsha sihlanjululwe njengekhekhe kwikhekhe ukuze izingxenye zingahlanganisi. Ngenhla, i-moussaka ithululelwa ngejusi isimo esibhekwa ngaso, ifafazwe ngamagilebhisi amasha. Yidla lesi sidlo esishisayo ngesinkwa esisha nesaladi eluhlaza.
IsiGreki nesiCypriot moussaka
Ukuzikhethela kokupheka i-moussaki eGrisi naseCyprus yilezi zitsha ziphekwa futhi zikhonzwe ngezimbiza zobumba. I-Cypriot version of moussaka ibhekwa njengenye yezinambitheka kunazo zonke. Zonke izithako zendwangu zi-othosiwe ngamafutha omnqumo, bese zihlanganiswa ezimbizeni zobumba zigcwele i-béchamel sauce. Inyama isetshenziselwa inyama yenqama.
EGrisi, i-moussaka ivame ukuphekwa ebhodini lokubhaka elinamacala aphezulu, lapho izingqimba zifakwa khona ngemifino (ungqimba kufanele ube mkhulu) nenyama, iguqule lezi zigaba. Khona-ke isidlo sigcwele ubisi olumhlophe noma ukhilimu omuncu omuncu bese uthunyelwa kuhhavini ngehora elilodwa. Esikhundleni se-sauce, ngezinye izikhathi besebenzisa ingxube ye shizi elijuthiwe namaqanda ashaywa. Lokhu kwenza isidlo sibe isikhanti esinomsoco oqinile.
Kuzo zonke izindawo zokudla zala mazwe ukunambitha imoussaka kuzohluka kakhulu. Kuxhomeke ezingxenyeni ezisetshenzisiwe, ezihluka emandleni kanye nesifiso, kanye neqoqo lezinongo, ukudlala kanye nezinongo ezengeziwe kule dish.