Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi enganeni: izimpawu

Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu (isifo sofuba) yisifo lapho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka khona emathisini emaphaphu. Kungabonakala njengesifo esizimele, futhi ngesimo sezinkinga zomunye, isibonelo, isishukela, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela, nokunye. Lesi sifo sinengozi ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, ngenxa yezici zomzimba zomzimba wengane.

Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi enganeni, izimpawu zazo ezichazwe ngezansi, kuvela lapho izinhlobo eziningana zegciwane ne-microbes zihlangana. Inendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo idlala yizimo zokuphila ezimbi, ukungondleki, i-hypotrophy, i-diathesis exudative, i-rickets, i-hypovitaminosis nezinye izifo eziningi.

Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-pneumonia emntwaneni zibonakala ezinsukwini ezingu-2-7 emva kwesikhathi sokutheleleka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ama-microbes akhula emaphethelweni okuphefumula. Izimpawu zokuqala zifana nokushisa: ukunyuka okuncane kwezinga lokushisa, ukungqubuzana komzimba, impumu egijima, ukukhwehlela okuncane, ukubomvu komphimbo namehlo. Phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-2-4, lezi zibonakaliso zisehla noma zidlula. Futhi ukuvuvukala kwengane kungaqala ngaphandle kwempawu ezingenhla.

Ngokuphathelene nezici ezikhethekile zesakhiwo sokuphefumula kwezingane, i-pneumonia ebantwaneni abancane ingenzeka ngesimo esibi. Iphunga ne-nasopharynx ezinganeni zincane, futhi izingxenye zomlomo nezinduku zincane, ngakho-ke umoya ohoxisiwe awuhlanjululwa kahle futhi ufudumele. I-trachea yezingane ne-larynx inemikhanyane emincane. I-bronchi yezingane inezintambo ezincane ezithintekayo, okubangela ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala kuzo.

Lapho usemncane, ukuvuvukala okunzima ngesimo esibucayi kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, kanti izimpawu zincane. Uma ingane inezibonakaliso ezinjengokushisa okuncane, i-cyanosis encane emlonyeni nasemphunjini, ukuphefumula, ukuphuza komzimba, abazali kufanele baphenduke kudokotela wezingane. Ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, uma nje ingane isungulwe kahle futhi iqinile, izobhekana nesifo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-12.

Uma ukwelashwa kohlobo olumnene lwe-pneumonia aluqali ngesikhathi, ifomu lesisindo esinzima noma esinzima se-pneumonia lingase likhule. Izimpawu zendlela elinganiselayo ye-pneumonia yinkinga engapheli yengane, i-pallor yesikhumba, ubuso obusobala obusobala, ukuphefumula okukhulu, ubuthakathaka, ukukhwehlela. Kukhona nokuphazamiseka esigqumeni sokuphefumula, okubonakala ngokungahambi kahle kwayo, kuba ngokoqobo futhi kuvamile. Ukushisa komzimba kuphakama ku-37.5-38.5 degrees. Inkambo yesifo sale fomu (enokwelashwa okwanele) ihlala amasonto 3-4.

Ukwelashwa okungenakwanele nokunganele ngokwanele kwengane kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezimbi ze-pneumonia. Ibhekwa yi-fever ephezulu, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuveza ukuboshwa, izindebe ze-cyanotic, impumulo, izindlebe nezipikili.

Ngenxa yokuphefumula, umntwana uthola indlala ye-oksijini, okuholela ekuphazanyeni kwezinqubo ze-metabolic ezithombeni nasezicukeni. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuvuvukala okuhlanzekile kwama-meninges, pleura.

Ukuvuvukala okunzima kakhulu futhi okunzima kwamaphaphu kwenzeka ezinsaneni ezingakabiphi. Lesi sifo singathwala ngisho nengozi yokuphila kwengane. Kulokhu, izimpawu ze-pneumonia ezinganeni ezinjalo ziboniswa amandla futhi zingabonakali ngabazali abangazazi. Izingane zingenqaba ukuncelisa isifuba, zine-cyanosis ngesikhathi sokudla, azizuzi isisindo esikhulu. Isibonakaliso saleso sifo siwukuphefumula njalo, ukubonakala ezindebeni zamanzi abizayo. Ingane isuke ibuhlungu, ithambekele, ilele, noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ijabule ngokweqile. Kulesi simo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba livame ukungena emkhawulweni. Uma, lapho kutholakala izimpawu ezingenhla, ungaqali ukwelashwa okusheshayo, bese kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-2-3 isimo somntwana singashuba kakhulu.