Esihlokweni esithi "Ukukhulelwa kwengane kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala" uzothola ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu kuwe.
Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa
Ngokujwayelekile isibonakaliso sokuqala sokukhulelwa ukulibazisa esikhathini. Uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka, owesifazane uvame ukuhlola ukukhulelwa. Lokhu kuhlola kunquma ukuba khona komchamo we-hormone ethile - i-gonadotropin ye-chorionic (hCG) yomuntu, eqala ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha nje kokufakwe embindi. Nakuba ukuzwela kwalesi sivivinyo kuphezulu kakhulu, ukukhulelwa kumele kuqinisekiswe udokotela. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, udokotela uzothumela lo wesifazane ekuxoxweni kwabesifazane.
Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha
Yonke imisebenzi yokuphatha ukukhulelwa yenziwa ngokubambisana kwabesifazane kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwesigqila-gynecologist, umbelethisi futhi, uma kunesidingo, ezinye izazi. Isimiso esihlanganisiwe sokuhlinzekwa kokunakekelwa kokubeletha sekuthuthukisiwe, okungahle kwenzeke, kungafani nemininingwane yokubonisana kwabesifazane abahlukene. Ububanzi bezivivinyo futhi buxhomeke emlandweni wesifazane okhulelwe, izifo ezihambisana nezifiso zesiguli.
Izinhloso zokunakekela izingane ngaphambi kokubeletha:
• ukuxilongwa kokuqala kokukhulelwa;
• ukuhlonza izimo ezingozini zomama nengane;
• ukuhlonza noma yikuphi ukwephulwa;
• ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwezimo ze-pathological, ukuzimisela izinga lokubeka ingozi ngokuhlinzeka ngezinga elifanele lokunakekelwa kokubeletha.
Ukufundisa umama ozoba khona
Ukwenza ukukhulelwa kusho ukuhlinzeka ngomama ozayo ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokukhulelwa, isimo sempilo yakhe kanye nengane. Owesifazane okhulelwe unethuba lokubuza imibuzo mayelana nokuhlola izivivinyo, indawo kanye nendlela yokulethwa kwezindlela zokwehlisa isenzo sobulili. Inkambo yokukhulelwa igcinwe ngokucophelela kuzo zonke izinyanga ezingu-9. Kuhlolwa okuningi, okufaka:
• Ukuhlolwa komzimba ukukhomba noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo kumuntu okhulelwe, kanye ne-anomalies yomlomo wesibeletho kanye ne-pelvic. Futhi unqume isikhundla nokuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus;
• ukuqapha ingcindezi yegazi - ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe kungakhuluma ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-pre-eclampsia;
• Ukulinganisa - ukuzuza ngesisindo ngenye yezinkomba zombuso womama kanye nomntwana.
• ukuskena kwe-ultrasound ukuqinisekisa isikhathi sokuzalwa, ubukhulu be-fetus noma izithelo ekukhulelweni okuningi;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola ukutholakala kwegazi okungenzeka;
• ukuzimisela uhlobo lwegazi, kufaka phakathi i-Rh factor. Uma unina uneqembu legazi elingenayo i-Rh, ukungahambisani negazi lomntwana kungase kwenzeke;
• Ukuhlaziya izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs), ezingathinta kakhulu ingane;
• Ukuhlaziywa komchamo kokuqukethwe ushukela (ngesifo sikashukela) kanye namaprotheni (okutheleleka noma preeclampsia);
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinkinga zokuzalwa ezingenayo ingane (i-ultrasound, i-amniocentesis, i-chorionic villus sampling, ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-collar zone kanye nokuhlaziywa kwegazi lomama).
Nakuba ngokuvamile ukukhulelwa kuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa izinkinga, ezibandakanya, ikakhulukazi:
• Ukuhlupheka
Cishe u-15% wabo bonke abakhulelwe baphela ekukhipha isisu; Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka phakathi kwamasonto amane nesama-12 okukhulelwa (ukuqala kwe-trimester). Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kuyisivivinyo esinzima kubo bobabili abalingani. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze kuhlangane nokulahlekelwa kwengane engakazalwa, usizo lwe-psychologist liyadingeka.
• Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic
Ngokuvamile kunenkinga yokuphila esongela ukuphila, njenge-ectopic pregnancy, lapho iqanda elikhulile lifakwe ngaphandle kwesibeletho. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufika isikhathi esifanele, kungenzeka ukuhlakulela ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi ngokusongela impilo yowesifazane.
• Ukuphuza
Ukukhipha igazi kungabonwa esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-placenta previa (iphansi kakhulu). Kulesi simo, ngokuvamile kuvela ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi kusuka odongeni lwe-uterine ekukhulelweni kwesikhathi eside.
• Ukulethwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi
Ngokuvamile, ukukhulelwa kuthatha amasonto angama-40 kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokugcina esikhathini. Ngezinye izikhathi umsebenzi wezisebenzi uqala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokulethwa okulindelekile. Uma ukuzalwa kusenesikhathi kwenzeka kuphela amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwesimiso, ingane ijwayele ukuvumelanisa futhi ikhule ngokujwayelekile kamuva. Izimpumelelo ezenzweni zesayensi yezokwelapha manje zivumela izingane ezizalwa ngesikhathi sokutholwa kwamaviki angu-25-26 ukuhamba.
• Isethulo sePelvic
Kwezinye izimo, ingane ephethe isikhundla esibelethweni lapho kuphele khona ukuphela komzimba we-fetus kubhekene ne-pelvis esikhundleni senhloko. Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zendawo engekho emfashini ye-fetus, engasetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokulethwa kwesigaba se-cearean.
• Ukukhulelwa okuningi
Ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa okuhlukahlukene kungahlanganiswa nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ukubeletha ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezikhathini zangaphambili futhi kudinga umzamo omkhulu kumama.