I-Rubella
Lesi sifo sithinta ikakhulukazi izingane ezineminyaka emihlanu kuya kwemihlanu (ngokuvamile i-rubella igula ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-7). Isigameko sezinga eliphezulu siwela entwasahlobo. Umama ozayo angenwa igciwane, isibonelo, kusuka kumntwana omdala noma kubangani bakhe. Lesi sifo sithunyelwa kalula ngamaconsi amancane noma ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile ngamathe noma ukuvimba okuvela ekhaleni lesiguli.
Izimpawu: Ziyabonakala kuphela amasonto amabili emva kokutheleleka. Kukhona i-malaise ejwayelekile, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ubuhlungu bomzimba nobuhlungu, kanye ne-conjunctivitis. Kamuva, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-5, kukhona ukuqhuma (ngemuva kwezindlebe, bese uhlala esitokisini nasemlenzeni). Konke lokhu kuhambisane nokukhukhuma kwama-lymph nodes entanyeni nasezintanyeni zentanyeni.
Uma uhlangane nesiguli ne-rubella - bheka udokotela ngokushesha. Ngeshwa, azikho izidakamizwa eziphumelelayo ngokumelene negciwane le-rubella, kodwa kukhona into enjengokuthi "ukuvimbela okuncane". Uma kungabikho ama-antibodies ethize e-immunoglobulin, ngeshwa, akukho ukuvikeleka okuphelele ekutheleleni ukutheleleka ebusweni. Kufanele futhi uhlole izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwegciwane egazini (mhlawumbe phakathi kwamasonto wesithathu nesine kusukela ngosuku lokuqala kwezimpawu zokuqala).
Kunokuba kuyingozi enganeni: Ngeshwa, kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukutheleleka kwe-intrauterine kungenzeka kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhulelwa, kodwa ingozi inkulu kakhulu kuze kube amasonto angu-17 (ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, iyanciphisa kakhulu).
I-Rubella iyingozi, njengoba igciwane linqoba i-placenta futhi lingena ngqo ezingxenyeni zengane, kubangele bayilimaze. Ungakhathazeki ngomntanakho uma ugula nge-rubella ebuntwaneni noma ugonywe (lena yindlela kuphela yokuvimbela lesi sifo.) Emhlabeni, ukugonywa okunjalo kunconywa ezinyangeni eziyi-15 (umgomo wokulwa nesigqebhezana, amaconsi kanye nerubella), bese kuthi kumantombazane 13-14 futhi abesifazane abangenawo ama-antibodies omzimba. Uma ufuna ukuba umama futhi awuzange ugonywe futhi ungenawo ama-antibodies egazini lakho - ugoma okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okuhleliwe.
I-Herpes
Lokhu akuyona nje isici esiyinkimbinkimbi yesimonyo esibonakala emehlweni. Lesi sifo esibi sikhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili ze-herpes simplex virus kanye ne-herpes genitalia. Owokuqala unesibopho sokutheleleka kwesikhumba kanye nezibungu zamangqamuzana zomzimba ophezulu, kanti okwesibili - ngokunqotshwa (ukukhomba) kwezidalwa zobulili. Uma amagciwane angena emzimbeni, ahlala kuwo njalo. Bahlala esimweni esivelele esifundeni sezinzwa. Ukuze uzisebenze, udinga ukuwohloka kokuzivikela, imfiva, ukuvezwa ngokweqile elangeni noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu.
Izimpawu: Ngokuvamile, lezi yizibungu ezomile masinyane bese zakha ama-crusts ezindebe. Kodwa i-herpes ingase iqhubeke ngaphakathi emanzini we-nasal, conjunctiva kanye ne-cornea (okubangela ukuvuvukala), kanye nezitho zangasese. Uma usulelekile nge-herpes ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, ungakhohlwa ukubonana nodokotela wakho. Mhlawumbe uzokuthuthela esibhedlela ukwelashwa. Vakashela ihhovisi lochwepheshe uma ukutheleleka kubonakala futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Udokotela uzobeka i-Acyclovir - imithi elwa namagciwane ephumelelayo, evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Kunokuba kuyingozi enganeni: I-herpes virus iyingozi kakhulu emntwaneni. Ukwelashwa esikhathini esizayo kungabangela ngisho nokukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke lapho owesifazane ene-herpes ngokocansi ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa. Kulesi simo, odokotela ngokuvamile banikeza isigaba sokugcina. Ungalungiseli ukukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka kwanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka, ngoba i-herpes ephindaphindiwe ngokuvamile ivela lapho ukumelana komzimba kwehla. Ukukhulelwa okwesikhashana kwenza buthakathaka ukuzivikela - ngesikhathi sokugula kungabulala ingane. Ngemuva kokubeletha, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngokuhlanzeka, ungathinti izigaxa futhi ugeze izandla kaningi. Uma une-herpes ezindebe zakho - ungamanga ingane! Futhi awukwazi ukuncelisa isifuba ngenkathi yinkinga yesifo. Xhumana nodokotela wakho - uzokutshela uma ungaqala ukudla.
I-Chickenpox
Igciwane lezinkukhu (inkukhu yenkukhu) lingelaqembu elifanayo njenge-herpes virus kanye ne-cytomegalovirus. Njengomthetho, i-ingulube iyagula kusukela esemncane. Kuzingane, igciwane ngokuvamile alilimazi, kodwa ukutheleleka emntwaneni ongakazalwa kungabangela ukungalungi okukhulu.
Izimpawu: I-Chickenpox iqala ngokukhathala okujwayelekile nomkhuhlane, khona-ke isibindi, ubuso, izitho, izinambuzane zomlomo zomlomo kanye nomphimbo zimbozwe ukushona okukhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo esikhumbeni ungabona zonke izigaba zokubonakaliswa kwegciwane: ama-papules wokuqala, ama-vesicle, ama-pustules nama-crusts.
Kunokuba kuyingozi enganeni: Inkukhu yezinkukhu iyingozi kakhulu engxenyeni yokuqala yokukhulelwa - ingane yakho ingase ibe nezinkinga zokuzalwa. Engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa, ingozi iyancipha, kodwa isigaba esiyingozi kakhulu sibonakala futhi ngaphambi nje kokuba kuzalwe futhi maduze. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukubonakaliswa kwegciwane lesibungu lesikhuhlane kungase kungabi yingozi kuphela kumntwana, kodwa kwezinye izimo umama ngokwakhe.
Uma uxhumane nesiguli esinenkukhu, buza udokotela. Abantu abaye baba ne-inkukhu ngokuvamile abakusengozini. Uma ungabaza, hlola igazi nje kuphela. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ungenalo igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, uzodlula i-immunoglobulin yokugcoba ukunciphisa ingozi yegciwane eliphuma nge-placenta. Kungcono ukuthatha ngosuku lwesine ngemuva kokuxhumana nesiguli. Uma ukhulelwe futhi kufika ekutheleleni, udokotela uzoqapha ukuthuthukiswa kwengane ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kufanele ugonywe. Yenza okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
I-Cytomegaly
Igciwane liyadluliselwa ngamathe, igazi, ukuthintana ngokocansi. Ukutheleleka kungaba nemiphumela emibi uma igciwane lihlasela ingane engakazalwa.
Izimpawu: Lesi sifo singaba nesimiso noma senze isikhathi eside sokuphumula. Ngokuvame ukubonakala ngesimo sokushisa "ukujula", umkhuhlane, ikhanda, umlomo, ukukhwehlela nokuvuvukala kwamakhemikhali ekhanda entanyeni. I-Cytomegaly igciwane eliyingozi, kepha ngenhlanhla ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyinto engavamile. Naphezu kwalokhu, buza udokotela uma wazi ukuthi uxhumana nomguli. Ungahlola igazi bese ubona ukuthi unama-antibodies. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi ukuba khona kwabo akuvikeli ingane ekutheleleni - ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuqhuba izifundo ezinjalo njalo. Geza izandla zakho njalo ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Gwema ukuxhumana nomchamo kanye namathe ebantwaneni abancane.
Ukwelapha amagciwane kanye nezifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, odokotela bazama ukusebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokukhulelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akusizi ngalutho futhi kufanele uthathe izingozi, ubeke izidakamizwa ezinamandla. Kodwa kufanele wazi ukuthi ukungabi khona kokwelashwa, kunoma yikuphi, kuyingozi kunokuthatha izixazululo ezinamandla. Amagciwane kanye nezifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ziyingozi futhi kufanele ziphathwe yizo zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo.