Ngendlela yokuphefumula, isikhumba, uhlelo lokugaya, izinto ezinobuthi zingangena emzimbeni womuntu.
Izinto ezinobuthi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu
Iqembu elilodwa - izinhlanganisela eziyingozi kakhulu: izinhlayiya zezilwane, amagesi anobuthi, amakhemikhali omkhaya, imikhiqizo yezolimo, amakhowe kanye nezitshalo, izinhlayizi zezimboni.
Amaqembu amabili - amakhemikhali ayingozi: izitshalo ezinobuthi ezinomsoco, amakhowe aphethwe ngokomzimba. Utshwala, izinto zokwelapha.
Izinhlanganisela ezi-3 ezinamaqembu asemzimbeni: isikhunta esidliwayo, izitshalo ezingekho ezinobuthi. Amakhemikhali angajwayelekile angabuthi angathola ubuthi, uma imithetho yokupheka noma isitoreji iphulwa, lapho izitshalo zikhula ezweni elingcolile, uma zingelashwa ngendlela engafanele nge-pesticides. Leli qembu lingabandakanya isikhunta, esingagcina izinto ezinobuthi.
Ingane ingaphila kuphi futhi kanjani?
Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokugaya, uma wamukela:
- amajikijolo anobuthi namakhowe,
- imifino, izithelo, izitshalo ezithwala izinambuzane, futhi zingasuswa ngokuphelele, ngaphambi kokuba zisetshenziswe ukudla,
- ukudla, noma ukudla okungenamsoco, njengama-toxins e-staphylococci ekudleni okuphekiwe ayamelana nokushisa okushisa,
- imithi egcinwe endaweni efinyelelekayo yengane,
- izidakamizwa nokuphuza utshwala,
- izindlela zamakhemikhali zasendlini, isibonelo, ukugeza izitsha, umanyolo, izinhlayiya ezivela ezinambuzaneni kanye namagundane,
- uviniga essence ekhishini, uphethiloli egaraji,
- Isidakamizwa esangena ebisi likamama, lapho esondla umntwana,
- izimonyo - ama-cream, lipsticks, shampoos.
Uma ingane ingena ngaphakathi kwendlela yokuphefumula:
- ukuvuthwa kwezitshalo ezinobuthi,
- i-solvents, amapende, i-varnishes, i-acetone, i-parafini, uphethiloli nezinye izinto ezikhulayo,
- I-Carbon monoxide.
Ngesikhumba, emva kokuxhumana:
- amafutha ezingane, ngokusetshenziswa kwawo okukhulu,
- amadayi ayingozi,
- umanyolo, izinhlayiya zezimboni kanye nezokulima.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala zobuthi
Ubuhlungu esiswini, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, lezi akuzona izibonakaliso ezigunyazayo zobuthi. Uma imbangela ye-malaise inobuthi, khona-ke abazali abangenalo ulwazi olukhethekile futhi abasoli ukuthi yisiphi isizathu sokugula kwengane egulayo. Udinga ukwazi zonke izibonakaliso zokuthi ubuthi, ukuze phakathi kwezinye izifo kufanele ukwazi ukubona ubuthi ngesikhathi bese usiza ingane.
Ukushisa ubuthi ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ukudla okunama-stale kunezibonakaliso zezici: ukuhlanza, ukunxanxathela, isifo sohudo ngaphandle kwegazi, ubuhlungu besisu, ukwenqaba kwengane ukudla, ukwehlisa amandla, ubuthakathaka.
Izimpawu ezinzima zibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubuthi:
- ukuguqulwa, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukubambelela kokuphefumula,
- ukwandisa bese wehlisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi,
- i-pulse ebuthakathaka, ukwephula isigqi senhliziyo,
- ukuvinjelwa noma injabulo ngokweqile,
- i-cyanosis ne-pallor yesikhumba,
- ukwephulwa kokuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza,
- ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda, ama-cramps,
- ukuqoqa, ukulala, ukuvimbela.
Usizo lokuqala lokudla ubuthi
Uma kukhona izinsolo zokufaka ubuthi, lezi zenzo ezilandelayo kufanele zithathwe:
- Shayela i-ambulensi, ngemuva kokuba isishiyagalolunye isishiyile, ungathola ukubonisana ngocingo nodokotela,
- Umntanakho udinga ukuhlinzeka ngesimo esihle, ukubeka nokumlinda njalo ngaphambi kokufika kodokotela.
- Uma ingane ihlanza, idinga ukufakwa noma ukuguqa phansi, kungcono ukubeka i-pelvis, ukuze ukwazi ukunquma ukukhishwa kwe-toxin.
- Uma ingane ingenalutho, kufanele ibekwe eceleni kwayo. Gcoba umunwe wakho ngehekhi bese uhlanza umlomo wakho wokuhlanza, qaphela isicanucanu esingaphazamise ukuphefumula.
Zama ukuthola ukuthi yini imbangela yobuthi, uma ingane ingachaza, cela ingane, ihlole ubuso, izingubo, umzimba ngokushisa kwesikhumba, ubomvu, amabala kanye nezinzwa ezithile.
Hlola izindawo eziyingozi zendlu yakho, igumbi lokugcina kanye namakhemikhali asekhaya, ithuluzi lokuqala lokusiza, izimonyo.
Qaphela ingane, ngoba lezo zinguquko ezenzeka naye, ngakho-ke ungasungula izimbangela zobuthi.
Izidakamizwa ezahlukene zingabangela izimpawu ezehlukene, futhi ukuhlanza kungase kube noma kungabi khona.
Lindela udokotela, futhi ungenzi umuthi. Uma i-ambulensi ayikwazi ukufika masinyane, shayela futhi uthole iseluleko ku-toxicologist nezingane, bese ulandela iseluleko sabo.
Uma umntwana enobuthi ngokudla
Uma umntwana ekwazi, usizo lokuqala luzoba yisisu esiswini nokuphuza okulandelayo. Ikhiqizwa izikhathi ezimbili kuya kweziyisihlanu.
Lapho uketshezi lokudla, okuhambisana nokuhuda, ngokuhlanza okukhulu, udinga ukuphuzisa ingane kulo lonke ukugula kukaRefidron, isisombululo se-glucose-saline yengane. Imvamisa yokwamukelwa kanye nesilinganiso izotholwa udokotela.
Ukudla kufanele kube nesigamu somqulu ojwayelekile, ukondla kaningi, kodwa ngezingxenye ezincane. Ukudla kufanele kube yi-liquide, i-puree, amazambane ahlambulukile emanzini, i-cereal evumayo, imifino yemifino, izimbali zemifino, khona-ke inhlanzi kanye nenyama enomzimba.
Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa nodokotela kuphela. Futhi uma ingane yakho ihlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, hhayi nje uhudo, udinga ukushayela udokotela ngokuphuthumayo ukuthi ungabandakanyi izifo eziyingozi nokufakwa kwesisu.
Uma ingane ingcoliswa yizinto ezingamakhemikhali
Uma ubuthi buvela emgodini ngezidakamizwa, ungafaki ukuhlanza, uma uketshezi kudlula ngokuphindaphindiwe, kuzokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kubangele ukuthi izicubu zishise.
Udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi. Uma unobuthi nge-alkalis noma ama-acids, unike ingane ukuthi iphuze amafutha omquba: kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu udinga ukuphuza isipuni 1, uphuze i-dessert spoon, futhi uma ingane iseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-7, bese unikeza isipuni esingu-1 samafutha yemifino.
Uma ubuhlungu obunobuthi buye kwenzeka ngesikhumba. Udinga ukususa izingubo zakho futhi ugeze umzimba wakho wonke ngamanzi afudumele namanzi asozini.
Uma iso elimnyama likhungathekile, lihlanjululwa ngesisombululo setiyi elimnandi kusuka emsizeni noma emanzini afudumele. Udinga ukuhlanza umlomo wakho, ugeze impumulo yakho, unike umlomo wakho kanye nekhasi isitibhisi esincane esiswakanyiswe ngamanzi afudumele.
Uma ingane ixiliswa ngokukhuphuka ketshezi ukuze isuse i-lacquer, i-acetone, i-carbon monoxide njalonjalo, kufanele ikhishwe noma ithathwe emoyeni omusha, uma ishintsha ukuqonda nokubonakala komkhuhlane, kudingeka udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi ngokuphuthumayo.
Uma ingane ingcoliswa amajikijolo anobuthi, amakhowe, izitshalo
Udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi, ukuthola okuvela emntwaneni lokho akudliwayo, ukugcina okusele, uma kukhona, kulabo ababhekene nezidakamizwa, zama ukuhlanza, bese unikeza i-enterosorbent.
Kwezinye izitshalo ezinobuthi - i-cowworm noma i-buttercup, akunakwenzeka ukuba uthintane, ngisho nokungabi iphunga, kubangela ukucasuka kwamangqamuzana omzimba ngaphambi kokushisa, futhi kungabangela imiphumela ehlukile.
Uma umntwana eqoqa isixha, bese egcoba amehlo akhe noma lapho efuna ukuvuthwa isitshalo, ijusi lishaya esikhumbeni, udinga ukwenza njengokungathi ubuthi ngamakhemikhali. Ukushisa kusuka ekuguleni kumele kuhlanjululwe, bese kugcozwa ngesidakamizwa kanye nezinsuku ezimbalwa udinga ukuvikela isikhumba elangeni.
Uma ingane inetyhefu ngezidakamizwa
Lolu hlobo lwe-poisoning luvame kakhulu emibhalweni yobuthi futhi kuyingozi kakhulu. Izidakamizwa zivame ukukhohlwa, zishiywe, zilahlekile, zisesidlangalaleni. Akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola ukuthi kunani, futhi yimiphi imithi ingane enobuthi. Ngakho-ke, uma usola ukuthi ingane isetshezi ngemithi, shayela odokotela ngokushesha, bese usebenza, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zobuthi. Qaphela ingane, ngokuphefumula, ukwazi, zama ukuhlanza, unike isiphuzo esiningi.
Lapho kungenzeki ukuhlanza?
Ungafaki ukuhlanza ngenkathi ubuthi bezinye izihlanza zangasese, i-ammonia, i-bleach, i-acetic essence, i-acids eqinile, i-alkalis, i-polish yomshini noma ifenisha, i-turpentine, i-parafini, i-petroli.
Ungafaki ukuhlanza ezinganeni ezingenalwazi, futhi uma ungazi ukuthi yini ingane yakho engase ibe nobuthi, futhi azikho izibonakaliso ezibonisa isizathu esithile. Kuzo zonke izimo ezinjalo, ukuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe odokotela basebenzisa iprobhethi engakwazi ukunciphisa izinto ezilimazayo, ngakho-ke fonela ngokushesha i-ambulensi.
Yini okungafanele ukwenze ngobuthi obuhlungu
- Ungamniki imithi yengane ngaphandle kokumisela udokotela, kanye nokwelapha. Ubuhlungu esiswini akufanele banikezwe abanikazi bama-painkillers. Mhlawumbe ubuhlungu buhlotshaniswa nesifo esibi kakhulu njenge-appendicitis. Ukususwa kwe-anesthesia kuzokwenza kube nzima ukuxilongwa.
- Awukwazi ukupholisa noma ukufudumala indawo embi ngaphandle kokumisa udokotela.
- Akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela sokunikeza izingane ezidambisayo.
- Khohlwa ngawe. Uma ingane yakho isetshezi ngezinto ezinomsoco noma zamakhemikhali, kuzomele uzivikele ngaphambi kokumsiza, okungukuthi uvule amawindi, gqoka amagilavu ​​njalonjalo. Lokhu akuwona ukubonakaliswa kobugovu, kodwa ukunakekela ingane, uma uhlupheka, ngubani ozosiza ingane?
Uma ingane ihlanza, kungani ubiza udokotela?
Ukunciphisa izinamba ezinobuthi kuphela uphawu oluyisisekelo, hhayi uphawu lokuthi umzimba womntwana ususe ubuthi. Izinhlayiya ezengeziwe ezingabonakalisa zingabonakalisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngokuzumayo, isikhathi sabo esifushane singaba ngamahora angu-15 kuya kwangu-20.
Uma udokotela engabizi izimpawu zokuqala, ukwelashwa ngeke kuqalwe ngesikhathi futhi kuzodinga izinyathelo eside futhi ezinzima. Uma ushevu kungcono ukubiza udokotela kunokuba ungenzi kanjalo.
Shayela udokotela lapho:
- uma isakhi esinobuthi singaziwa,
- uma isimo somntwana siqhubeka,
- ingane inomkhuhlane oqinile,
- ukwephulwa kokuphefumula, kushintsha ubukhulu bezingane, kushintsha ukushaywa komzimba, kunobuthakathaka obunamandla obukhulu,
- isifo sohudo nge-mix of blood,
- izinga lokushisa lomzimba landa,
- Ingane encane kakhulu.
Emkhakheni wezeMpilo ekhaya kufanele kube:
- "Regidron" noma isisombululo se-glucose-saline yezingane,
- manganese,
- i-carbon activated,
- Smecta,
- amalungiselelo afana ne "Hilak ne" Bactisubtil "- buyisela i-microflora yamathumbu ngemuva kwesifo.
Ukuvimbela ubuthi
Awukwazi ukubeka yonke indawo "umbhede wombhede", kodwa emandleni ethu ukunciphisa amathuba okudla ubuthi obuntwaneni. Yini okudingeka uyenze lokhu?
Ekhishini
- Qaphela ngokucophelela izithelo nemifino ngamanzi abilayo, noma uzihlwithe, ugcine ukudla esiqandisini, ubukele impilo yesheluli yemikhiqizo, udle, upheke futhi ugcine ukudla ngokuhambisana namazinga enhlanzeko,
- ungadli amazambane "aluhlaza" kubantwana, iqukethe i-solanine, amakhowe awunconywa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 noma emihlanu ubudala, ungadli ukudla ngenxa yesitoreji esingalungile.
- hhayi ukudla, hhayi ukuqoqa, hhayi ukukhula amakhowe, amajikijolo, izithelo ezikhula eduze imigwaqo noma enhlabathini ezingcolile ne zinambuzane,
- ungathengi izithelo, amajikijolo, amakhowe akenzi okwenziwe ngefektri,
- Izingane azidingeki ukudla okusheshayo emgwaqeni, iningi lilungiselelwe ngaphandle kokuhambisana nemigomo yokuhlanzeka, kudingeka udle ukudla ezindaweni zomphakathi ezihloliwe. Uma ulala nendlala, uthengise imikhiqizo evalwe ngokuqinile. Futhi nakuba ibhakhodi le-chocolate ayilusizo kakhulu kune-apple, kodwa i-apula engashuki ingenza umonakalo omkhulu.
Ikhaya
- ukuba nomakhalekhukhwini ophuthumayo, isikhungo sezokwelapha, imithi edingekayo.
- ukufundisa umntwana ukuba abize i-ambulensi, bafunde ndawonye ifoni nekheli,
- bamba umdlalo nezingane ongenakuzithatha, zama. Ukufundisa ukuthi awukwazi ukudlala esitolo, ikhemisi, isibhedlela, ukulungiswa ngamakhemikhali asekhaya, imithi yabantu abadala, amapende, ama-varnishes njalonjalo,
- gcina zonke izinto eziyingozi ezingenakubalwa kwezingane, ungashiyi ingane eyodwa kuphela ngezinto ezinjalo,
- Thenga imidlalo kanye namathoyizi avela kubakhiqizi abaziwayo, khona-ke kuzoba neziqinisekiso eziningi ukuthi ngeke zibe nobuthi.
Ngaphandle
- ungashiyi izingane ezingalindelekile,
- Ukufunda nezingane izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinobuthi nezingozi, amajikijolo, amakhowe, ukufundisa izingane ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuzama izitshalo ezingajwayelekile, futhi kungcono ukuzizama emva kokuvunywa kwabantu abadala.
Manje siyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lokuqala lwezinyosi ezinganeni. Kudingeka uqaphele ukuthi ungathembeki ngokuthi "mhlawumbe" bese ubuntwana bamadodakazi akho namadodana akho uzobe ethule futhi uphumelele.