Manje kuphela abavilapha abazange bazwe nge-sushi. Nakuba abantu abaningi banomqondo ophansi kakhulu ngalesi sidlo. Okungcono kakhulu, igama elithi "sushi" liyingxube yerayisi nemifino ehlanganiswe nezinhlanzi eziluhlaza nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezithosiwe, ziqukethe insizi noma isabi. Kodwa lokhu isidlo yiyona ehlukahlukene kakhulu, inezinkulungwane zezindlela zokulungiselela futhi inezinto eziningi eziwusizo. Uma ubhekisela kwenye indawo izitsha zokudla zaseJapane - uSushi uzohlale ebizwa ngokuthi "ikhadi lokubiza".
Umlando wezwe
Ukuqala komlando wezwe kusekhona ekhulwini lesine BC e-Southeast Asia. Izinhlanzi lapho zazivame ukusetshenziselwa ifomu ekheniwe - usawoti futhi unomnandi - ngelayisi nemifino futhi kwakuwumthombo obalulekile (futhi njalo kuphela) wamaprotheni ekudleni. Wavala zonke izitsha zendabuko etafuleni. Ngemuva kokuzikhethela, inhlanzi yayigcinwe elayisi, ukuze izinqubo zemvelo zenzeke ezinqolobaneni, zisiza ukugcina inyama ihlanzekile. Kancane kancane kwavela kanye nezinhlobo zokuqala zezwe zanamuhla - zushi. Kuyiqiniso, ngakho-ke bebengakaze basakazeke kakhulu. Lesi sidlo sizalwa ngenxa yenqubo yokwenza irayisi izinyanga ezingaba ngu-2, emva kwalokho izinhlanzi zathola ukunambitheka okukhethekile, nelayisi - izakhiwo ezikhethekile.
Njengoba kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyisimangaliso, lesi sidlo sasiwazisa okokuqala eJapane ngekhulu le-8 BC. Wabe esethiwa yi-zushi futhi wathandwa ekupheleni kwesikhathi seMuromachi. Lolu hlobo lwe-sushi lwaluqotshwa ngesikhathi lapho inhlanzi yayiphekwe khona, futhi irayisi elibilisiwe alizange lilahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwalo. Ngakho uSushi uye waba esinye sezidlo ezisemqoka embonini yaseCapinary yaseJapane. Kamuva, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuvotela irayisi, ilayisi yaqala ukuxuba uviniga futhi ayihlanganisi nje ngezinhlanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi imifino eyomile nezinye izithako. Futhi namuhla esifundeni ngasinye eJapane kukhona namanje okulondolozwe izindlela zokupheka, okwenza izindlela zokupheka ezihlukahlukene ze-sushi zihle kakhulu komunye futhi zidluliselwa kuzo izizukulwane eziningi.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho iTokyo iba yinkampani enkulu yokudla, amaqembu abadayisi abahambahambayo ayengavamile, lapho kutholakala khona izindlela ezintsha zokupheka komhlaba, njenge-nigiri-zushi, lapho izinhlanzi zazihlanganiswa khona kanye nolwandle. Kwakuvela kuye ngemuva kwalokho futhi waya ezindleleni eziyisisekelo zokwenza sushi. Emva kokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu eKanto ngo-1923, abapheki abanolwazi abalungiselela ama-nigiri-zushi bahlakazeka kulo lonke elaseJapane, ngesikhathi belahlekelwa imisebenzi yabo. Ngakho ezindaweni eziningi ezikude iresiphi ye-sushi yalethwa ngendlela esiyazi ngayo manje.
Ema-80s, ekuqaleni kokuqwashisa ngokuphumelela kwezempilo, i-sushi isibe esinye sezidlo ezinempilo kakhulu, okwakunakekelwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ekuqaleni, kuphela abaphathi abanolwazi abanokuhlangenwe nakho abangase bahlanganyele ekwenzeni i-sushi, eyabalwa ngesisindo segolide. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokufika kwemishini ye-sushi, ukukhiqiza okuningi kwafaka amakhono obucayi bama-landmasters, futhi ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwe-sushi kwatholakala kubantu abaningi kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba.
Izinhlobo zomhlaba
Ngegama elithi "sushi" abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi inhlanzi eluhlaza. Kodwa lokhu akunjalo. Eqinisweni, uma uya endaweni yaseJapane ye-sushi bese ubuka izinhlanzi zezinhlanzi, bambalwa kuphela abazoba nenhlanzi eluhlaza. Kodwa ngisho noma kubonakala kuluhlaza, uqale wangena esikoleni se-canning, i-blanching, ingena kuzixazululo ezikhethekile nokuqhwaqha. Kunezinto eziningi ezenziwa ngezinhlanzi ngaphambi kokuba uSushi ulungiselelwe kuwo.
Okokuqala, i-sushi ingubuciko. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu nezithandwa kakhulu ze-sushi:
- I-sashimi: inhlanzi eqoshiwe ifakwe ngendlela ekhangayo. Okunambitheka, inhlanzi ephekwe noma ekheniwe inqunywa zibe izingxenye ezingu-3-5. Ukuvame ukukhonza nge-sauce yasabi no-ginger.
- I-Nigiri: izingcezu zezinhlanzi zihanjiswa ngelayisi ngesimo sebhola, ngezinye izikhathi nge-nori egosiwe (uhlobo lwe-algae). Ubuchwepheshe bokupheka lesi sidlo kuhloswe ekusebenzisaneni kwelayisi nenhlanzi nokuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwabo nokubukeka kokubukeka. Enye yokukhonza iqukethe amabhola amabili.
- I-Gunkan Nigiri: enye yezinhlobo ze-nigiri. I-Gunkan ihunyushwa kusukela eJapane ngokuthi "esikebheni". Igama laleli zwe livela endleleni yokulungiselela, lapho isithako esiyinhloko irayisi, esakhiwe ngesimo somkhumbi. Izinhlobo ezintathu ezintathu ezisemqoka yi-Gunkan, i-Irkur ne-Yuni. Enye yokukhonza inezingxenye ezimbili.
- Hosomaki: izingcezu ezincane eziboshwe ngezinhlanzi ngelayisi encane kakhulu. Igobolondo langaphandle liqukethe i-nori. Ingxenye ye homosaki ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye ezingu-6.
- I-Futomaki: I- sushi ebanzi ehlanganiswe i-sushi igcwele izithako eziningi, izingxenye zayo ezizimele zikhulu kakhulu. Enye yokukhonza iqukethe izingcezu ezingu-4 - 10.
- I-Yuramaki: lolu hlobo lwe-sushi luthandwa kakhulu emiphakathini ye-sushi yase-America. Abanye bathi lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi ama-algae afihliwe ngaphakathi kwendwangu, futhi ukuqala abathandi be-sushi ngeke "bakhathazeke" ngokuthi ngabe kufanele yini ukudla. Enye yokukhonza iqukethe ama-6 noma ama-8 ama-pcs.
- Izihloko: i -sushi ene-algae ehlanganisiwe, edliwa ngezandla, njenge-ice cream cone. Ingxenye eyodwa inekhampasi egcwele izithako ezihlukahlukene.
I-Sushi energy value
Wake wake wazibuza ukuthi mangaki amakhilogrekhi akhona ekusebenzeni okulodwa kwe-sushi? Ngenhlanhla, ngokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwe-sushi - lokhu akusona isidlo, ngenxa yokuthi ungasisindo. I-rich rice, i-carbohydrate eyinkimbinkimbi, ngisho nengxenye ejwayelekile yomhlaba ingaba ukudla okunempilo kakhulu, ingashiyi ukuphrinta okuhlala njalo nokubonakalayo kumfanekiso wakho.
Ngempela, ukudla okutholakala nge-calories-okusobala okuvame ukukhohlwa ngokungafanele. Uhlobo olufanayo lwe-sushi lungaqukatha isamba esihlukile sezithako zomuntu ngamunye, ngakho-ke, kunokuqukethwe okukodwa kwekhalori, amafutha, i-carbohydrate nokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni. Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, i-sushi ingabhekwa njengomkhiqizo wokudla.
Eminyakeni yamuva, i-sushi isiye idumile kakhulu, kodwa kulokhu kudla kukhona imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezingozi zezempilo zokudla lesi sidlo esiphundu. Iningi lezithako ezisemqoka e-sushi liphilile kakhulu. Inhlanzi yiyona ingxenye enkulu, icebile amaprotheni ne-calcium. Uma ufuna ukuthola isilinganiso esiphezulu seprotheyini, zama i-tuna. Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlanzi ze-oily, njenge-salmon, ukuthi ine-omega-3 fatty acids. Inhlanzi entsha iyinhlangano enempilo enegama elihle kakhulu. I-Sushi enenani layo liphakeme kunamaprotheni acebile namaphesenti angaphansi kwamafutha ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okuyisisekelo ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba. I-sushi ingukudla okunempilo kunokudla kwezilwane zasemhlabeni, ecebile ngamafutha agcwele. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zasolwandle zincane kakhulu ezicebile kuma-omega-3 fatty acids, okudingekayo ekudleni okunempilo, ngoba umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukwenza izinto eziphilayo ngokuzikhiqiza. I-omega-3 fatty acids ekhuluma kakhulu futhi ewusizo yi-DHA ne-EPA, ehambisana nama-monounsaturated amafutha omnqumo kungasiza kakhulu empilweni yakho kunalokho ucabanga.
Omunye wamanzi othosiwe, lapho izinhlanzi zihlanganiswe khona, omunye umthombo obalulekile weprotheyini ne-calcium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banikeza amavithamini amaningi, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezingu-10 zikavithamini C. Le "imvilophu" ye-algae nayo inezinto ezinhle zokugaya ukudla. I-Wasabi sauce inezakhi ezinhle kakhulu ze-bactericidal, futhi iqukethe ne-vitamin C.
Kubuye kuthiwa ukuthi i-sushi ingakusiza uma uzizwa ukhathele futhi uphukile uma unesifo sokucindezeleka noma ikhanda. Isizathu salokhu kungase kube ukwephulwa kwengubo ye-thyroid. I-iodine, selenium ne-magnesium iyadingeka. Njengoba i-iodine itholakala ku-sushi, ama-seafood kanye nama-marine algae, ukusetshenziswa kwale mikhiqizo kuzoholela ezingeni eliphilile lamahomoni e-thyroid wegciwane le-thyroid.
I-omega-3 fatty acids yenza kanjani umphumela omuhle empilweni yethu?
- I-Omega-3 fatty acids, equkethe sushi, yandisa izinga lomzimba we-cholesterol enhle. Lokhu, kungaholela ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol embi egazini. Ngokuvamile, ukuba khona kwala ma-acids kunomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-fatty acids ama-omega-3 kuboniswa odokotela ngeziguli ezine-type 2 yesifo sikashukela, ngoba ama-asidi asiza ekunciphiseni amazinga kashukela egazini.
- Izifundo zibonisa ukuxhumanisa phakathi kokudla kwama-acids ama-omega-3 e-sushi nokuqiniswa kwezindonga zegazi, ukwehla kwegazi, nokuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi.
- Umbiko ophepheni wezokwelapha ohloniphekile ukhombisa ukuthi ama-omega-3 fatty acids anciphisa ingozi yesifo se-Alzheimer. Ukusetshenziswa kwaloluhlobo lwe-fatty acids kunciphisa okufika ku-70% okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni e-amyloid ebuchosheni, okukhulunywa njengenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zesifo se-Alzheimer's.
- Njengoba i-omega-3 fatty acids ibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni okufanele, kuhlanganise nezinsana, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabaqothulayo, kumele badliwe ngokudla. I-Sushi kule ndaba iwukuba "umhlinzeki" ofanele wale nto ewusizo. Namuhla, ama-fatty acids ama-omega-3 abhekwa njengeyona ndlela yangempela yokuphulukisa izifo zenhliziyo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zasolwandle kunconywa odokotela emhlabeni jikelele. Abantu abaningi bathatha i-omega-3 supplements ebizwa ngokuthi "amafutha okudoba". Kodwa-ke ngithanda ukukhumbuza ukuthi inyama yenhlanzi ejulile-yelwandle ewumthombo ocebile kakhulu wama-fatty acids omega-3. Ngokufanayo, le nhlanzi isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-sushi.
Izingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa komhlaba
I-Sushi ibhekwa njengenye yezingubo ezinempilo kakhulu. Kodwa, ngeshwa, futhi unezinselele ezithile. Enye yezinto ezixoxwe kakhulu mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi noma izinhlanzi zasolwandle kungumthamo we-mercury equkethwe kuwo. Enye inkinga inani lamakorikhi. Ingxenye eyodwa yezwe ayinakwenzeka ukuphakamisa izinga layo ngokweqile, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa okuvamile, uzibeka engozini ukuzakhela amakhilogremu ambalwa. Qaphela - ama-kilojoule kulezi zicucu ezincane atholakala ikakhulukazi ngenxa yerayisi, ecebile kuma-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi. 1 ingilazi yelayisi omhlophe iqukethe amakholori angu-160.
I-Sushi inomunye umphumela ophawulekayo - njengezitsha eziningi ezihlanganisa izinhlanzi eziluhlaza, zingaqukatha ama-parasites. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulu ezimweni lapho inhlanzi ihlanjululwe kabi noma ibanjwe ezindaweni ezingcolisiwe zolwandle.
Njengokusetshenziswa kwanoma yikuphi ukudla okuluhlaza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sushi kuthatha ingozi yokuthatha izidakamizwa ze-pathogenic, kodwa ingozi yokwanda kwezinga lokungcola ku-ajenda yezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, impendulo yombuzo othi "Ingabe i-sushi ngumkhiqizo owusizo?" Impendulo iyicacile - "Yebo." Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqonde futhi uhlole ngempela izingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwalo mkhiqizo. Muva nje, abacwaningi baye bakhathazeka ngenkinga yokudoba izinhlanzi ngezinsimbi ezinzima, okungenzeka zikhona kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, izilwane ezinkulu ezifana ne-tuna kanye ne-swordfish. Eqinisweni, ukuphakama inhlanzi esakhiweni sokudla - ukungcola okungaphezulu.
Ngenxa yobungozi bokuba khona kokungcola okunjenge-mercury nama-pathogens, kunconywa ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka bagweme ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu noma noma iyiphi inyama eluhlaza ekwakheni isiJapane. Ukutholakala kwezinto ezinobungozi kwezinye izinhlobo zomhlaba kwafakazelwa, kepha ukusetshenziswa okulinganayo kwalesi sidlo ngeke kube nokuletha usongo oluthile empilweni yabantu. Ngenhlanhla, ukutadisha kwakamuva kwe-Institute of Medicine kubonisa ukuthi ibhalansi ixilongo ngokuqinile ngenxa yemiphumela emihle yokusetshenziswa kwe-sushi.
Ngenhlanhla, amacala okuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa komhlaba ajwayelekile kakhulu. I-Sushi iphephile, njenganoma yikuphi okunye ukudla, uma kusetshenzwa futhi kugcinwe ngendlela efanele. Nakuba abanye abantu kuzodingeka bathathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa izingozi ezithile ezihambisana nesimo sabo samanje. Kubantu abaningi, i-sushi yisidlo esiphephile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyasiza kakhulu. Yiba nokuthula, wazi isilinganiso futhi ungadluli - futhi ngeke kube nezinkinga.
Ukuzikhethela kungokwakho
Ukucubungula izinzuzo kanye nokuqapha kungaphazamisa ukukhetha kwethu ukuthi ngabe singathembeki yini ukudla kwaseJapane kwe-sushi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, odokotela bathi sushi ngumkhiqizo owusizo kakhulu oqukethe izinto eziningi eziwusizo nezingenakuphulukiswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi - ukufakazela ukuthi kanye nalesi sinambitheka singakwazi ukuzivikela nge-parasites eyingozi kanye nemfucuza yamakhemikhali. Ekugcineni, i-sushi inezinselele eziningi, kodwa kufanele uzibuze - ingabe inja eshisayo noma i-cola iphephile kancane? Futhi konke kuyoba khona.