Uma impendulo yombuzo obangelwa ngumntwana ibangela ubunzima, ndawonye ubuke noma ufunde incwadi ngesihloko esithakazelisayo, lokhu kuzobangela isithakazelo somntwana ekuqhubekeni kokufunda okuthile.
Ukubuka izilwane zasendle, ingane ivame ukuzibuza ukuthi kungani izinyoni zihamba futhi zingawi, kungani umuntu engakwazi ukuhamba? Ngicabanga ukuthi ngingachazela kanjani izingane ukuthi kungani izinyoni zihamba? Yebo, uma une-encyclopedia enhle mayelana nezwe eliphilayo noma izinyoni, ukuze ingane iphendule umbuzo wayo ngokubukeka, ibonise imifanekiso nezithombe. Sondela ekukhetheni kwezincwadi ngokujulile nangokucophelela. Ukuze ufunde ingane nezwe elizungezile, thatha izincwadi ngokudweba kahle nemifanekiso ecacile.
Ezweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-9,800 zezinyoni futhi cishe zonke, ngaphandle kwezinye, zingahamba. Okokuqala, tshela ingane mayelana namadivaysi endiza ezindizayo. Cishe zonke izinyoni zinamaphiko. Iphiko lenyoni alinayo indawo ephahleni, kodwa indawo ephihliwe, uhlobo lusehlele ngokukhethekile ukuze iphiko lenze iqhaza eliphikisana namanye amandla - amandla adonsela phansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugeleza komoya okuzungeze iphiko kufanele kuhambisane nomzila omude eduze nengxenye ephezulu yephiko kunalokho okuphansi. Njengoba ingxenye engezansi kwephiko i-concave, umoya ogeleza ngaphezu kwephiko uzohamba ngokushesha kunaphansi kwayo. Lokhu kudala ukucindezela okuhlukile phezu kwephiko nangaphansi kwalo, ngaleyo ndlela kudala amandla aqondiswe phezulu, abuye aphikisana negunya lokuvuthwa. Idivaysi elandelayo yokushayela yimiaphiko. Inhlanzi iyakheka kakhulu isikhumba, ilula kakhulu futhi i-airy.
Ngenxa yempaphe, umzimba wenyoni uhlala ubushelelezi futhi ubalekela umoya ugeleza kalula kuwo. Futhi, ngosizo lwezimpaphe, inyoni ingakwazi ukulawula nokushintsha ukuqondisa kwendiza. Izimpaphe zigcina kalula ukushisa, zakha ungqimba oluvikela inyoni ezindaweni ezilimazayo zemvelo, kusuka ebanda, kumanzi, umoya nokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nyoni ingahamba ngenxa yesakhiwo samathambo. Amathambo asezinhlathini zezinyoni ahlanganiswa ndawonye, okwenza kube lukhuni kakhulu. Uma emasendeni ezincelisayo izifuba zomgogodla ziqukethe ama-vertebrae ahlukene, okwenza uchungechunge, khona-ke emasendeni enyoni aphikisana ngokuqinile. Amangqamuzana ezinyoni anomzimba omncane futhi onobugovu, ngenxa yokuthi isifuba sezinyoni sikhanya kakhulu. Lapho le nyoni ibamba umoya, ingena ngokushesha ngama-bronchioles aya emaphashini, futhi kusukela lapho kuya emasakeni e-air. Umoya ophumayo, ubuya kusuka esikhwameni sezindiza emaphashini, lapho kusetshenziselwa ukushintshwa kwegesi. Ukuphefumula kabili kunikeza umzimba nge-oxygen, ebaluleke kakhulu endizeni. Inyoni inenhliziyo enkulu, futhi lokhu kuvumela igazi ukuba lijikeleze ngokushesha ezitsheni zenyoni. Inani elikhulu lamaseli abomvu egazini lezinyoni livumela ukudluliselwa okungaphezulu kwe-oksijini, okudingekayo ngesikhathi sezindiza. Inhliziyo yenyoni iyancipha ngesilinganiso sezinsimbi ezingu-1000 ngomzuzu, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni zine-high blood pressure, cishe 180 mm. i-gt; Art. , uma kuqhathaniswa, ukucindezelwa komuntu kungu-100-120 kuphela. Ngenxa yezinhlelo zokuphefumula nezokujikeleza kakhulu, le nyoni inokushisa komzimba okuphezulu kanye nesimiso esincane se-metabolism. Ukuze uthole amandla amaningi, le nyoni idla ukudla okuningi, tshela ingane ukuthi kungani kubalulekile ukondla izinyoni ebusika, lapho ukudla okungokwemvelo kungenalutho futhi usesho lwakhe luvinjelwe. Ngisho nasesimweni sezinzwa zezinyoni kune-cerebellum enamandla, enesibopho sokudidiyela ukunyakaza, okudingekayo endizeni.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izinyoni ezihambayo. Isibonelo, ama-penguin. Lona kuphela inyoni engakwazi ukuhamba, kodwa iyakwazi ukugebha. Bahlala ikakhulukazi emanzini futhi amaphiko abo abe njengamahlumela, agibele kuwo. Inyoni enkulu kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ayikwazi ukuhamba. Ingulube, inzima kakhulu yendiza.
Udinga amaphiko amakhulu ukuze ukhuphuke emoyeni unomzimba omningi kangaka. Ngokuvamile, inyoni ingahamba uma ubukhulu bomzimba wayo bungaphezu kuka-20 kg. Ezinye izinyoni zabalekela ngaphambi kokushayela, isibonelo, izinkukhu nezinkukhu. Tshela izingane mayelana nezinyoni zokurekhoda. Isibonelo, intaba yezintaba iyakwazi ukuhamba ngezintaba ze-Himalaya endaweni engamakhilomitha angu-10, lezi zinyoni zibonwe ngisho nangaphezu kwentaba ephakeme kakhulu emhlabeni-Everest. Umnikazi wezindiza eziphakeme kakhulu kwakuyinqaba yeRuppel, lapho ehlangene nezindiza endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaba ngu-11271. I-polar tern iyakwazi ukumboza ibanga lama-40,000 amakhilomitha ngakwesinye isiqondiso, futhi kuzo zonke izimpukane zayo zokuphila, amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingu-2.5. Inyoni ephila isikhathi eside i-cockatoos ephuzi ephuzi. Ukuphila kwakhe sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-80. Ingane izoba nesithakazelo sokuthi izinyoni zinekhefu layo - ngo-Ephreli 1. Lolu suku lugubha uSuku Lwezinyoni Zomhlaba Wonke. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli izinyoni ziqala ukubuya ezihlahleni zazo zasebusika. Chaza izingane ukuthi izinyoni ezindiza ezifundeni ezifudumele ezinkathini ezibandayo, wazi futhi ukhumbule indlela okudingeka zihambe ngayo, ngaphandle kokuthi zikwazi ukukhetha umzila ongcono. Uma umoya udlula, izinyoni zihamba phezulu, lapho umoya uqhuma khona. Futhi uma umoya usufika, izinyoni zivame ukuhamba phansi, zisebenzisa izihlahla nezakhiwo ezinkulu njengoba zigcwele umoya. Ukuhlangana okuhambisana nengane - ithuba elihle lokubona nokukhulisa ulwazi lomntwana mayelana nezwe elizungezile, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukela, ingane ngokwayo ingathola impendulo kanye nokuchaza izinto eziningi ezimthakazelisayo.
Lapho uphendula imibuzo evela kubantwana, ungazami ukubenza baphelele futhi baphelele. Izimpendulo kufanele zibe, okokuqala, ezimfushane, ezicacile futhi ezifinyeleleka, ziqukethe ukuqinisekiswa kwempendulo. Chaza izingane ukuthi zisebenzisa amagama alula aqondakalayo. Vumela impendulo yakho ivuselele ingane ekubonweni okusha nokuzindla, futhi ngezimpendulo zakho hlakulela ukungacabangi nokuzwela kuye. Ungaphathi imibuzo yengane ngenhlonipho, ungazami "ukuhamba" ekuphenduleni, ngoba ukuxhumana nomntwana ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene, ukumchazela izinto ezingenakuqondakala, ukuthuthukisa ilukuluku kanye ne-horizons yengane.