Incazelo.
I-Basil, noma elinye igama layo, isitshalo sonyaka owodwa wemindeni enobuhle. Unomnikelo ovuthayo onobuciko obumnandi, isakhiwo esihle kakhulu se-branched. Impande ikhona emhlabathini nasemhlabathini nje. Ifaka kuze kube ngu-60 cm high, i-tetrahedral. Amaqabunga amancane, ubude obuyi-5 cm, oblong, i-ovoid in shape, inzima, ngamazinyo amancane ezinhlangothini zawo. Umbala wamaqabunga u-violet-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obonakalayo. Izimbali zitholakala eziqongweni zeziqu ezincane, ezimhlophe, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu, ezincane. Isithelo yizintambo ezine ezibomvu ezihlukanisiwe ngemuva kokuvuthwa.
I-Basil itshalwa eningizimu yeRussia, eCaucasus, endaweni ephakathi: ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma emithambekeni eningizimu, lapho kufudumala khona. Ingabe isitshalo sezitshalo. I-basil yasendle ikhula eMelika Ephakathi, e-Asia nase-Afrika.
Ukuqoqwa kwe-basil kwenziwa ngenkathi yezimbali, ikakhulukazi esimweni esishisayo esomile. Khona-ke utshani obuqoqiwe bumisiwe ekamelweni elihle emoyeni ekushiseni okungabi ngaphezu kwama-35 ° C, kude nelanga eliqondile. UBasil unikeza izitshalo ezimbili utshani ngonyaka. Ngemuva kokumiswa, umbala weqoqo kufanele ube wendalo. Izitshalo kumele zibe yizibhamu, kanti amaqabunga nezimbali zingahle zibe yi-powder. Gcina esitsheni esivaliwe.
Enye indlela yokugcina i-salting. Ukuze wenze lokhu, utshani kumele buhlanjululwe kahle, lube yizicucu, lufakwe esitokisini esingenakilasi, lithele utshani ngosawoti. Usawoti ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 5, okungukuthi, izinkezo ezinhlanu zamakhambi ngamakhemikhali angu-1 ngosawoti. Lapho ukhetha, i-basil ayilahlekelwa yizindawo zayo.
Ukwakhiwa.
Ngokomzimba, i-basil ayiqondi kahle. Iziqu kanye namaqabunga asitshalo aqukethe amafutha abalulekile, ama-tannins, ama-glycosides, ama-saponins, i-vitamin complex - i-vitamin C, i-carotene, i-rutin, isethi yamaminerali, ushukela, i-phytoncides. Izithelo ze-basil, ngaphezu kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe kakade, ziqukethe amafutha emifino eningi kakhulu.
Cishe zonke izimfanelo zokwelapha ze-basil zithathwa ngamafutha abalulekile esitshalo. Amafutha aqukethe i-eugenol (i-odoriferous substance), i-methylhaekol (i-carcinogen eningi kakhulu, futhi iphunga elimnandi), i-camphor (i-stimulator enhle kakhulu yenhliziyo kanye nenqubo yokuphefumula), i-linalool (into ephethe iphunga le-lily of the valley), nezinye.
Basil ekuphekeni.
Ngenxa yephunga elimnandi kakhulu elimnandi nokunambitheka okungavamile, i-basil isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni, embonini yokudla. Ekuphekeni, i-basil ingeziwe ku-seasonings, amasoso, isobho, inyama nokudoba izitsha. Ubuningi bamaqabunga omisiwe kanye neziqu ze-basil zisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ama-marinades ahlukene, ngeziphuzo zokunambitheka okunezici. Emigqumeni yezimboni, i-basil isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kokudla okuhlukahlukene okusemathinini, ama-sausage nemikhiqizo yenyama.
I-basil esetshenziswe kakhulu ngokuhambisana namanye amakhambi: i-thyme, i-rosemary, i-mint, i-parsley. Ukunambitheka kwalezi zinhlanganisela kuhluke kakhulu: i-pepper - exutshwe ne-rosemary, ukubukeka kutholakala ngokuxuba i-basil ne-thyme.
I-Basil ikhiqiza amafutha abalulekile nama-camphor, asetshenziselwa kakhulu amafutha, izidlo kanye nezimboni zemithi.
Izakhiwo zezokwelapha.
I-Basil inemithi eminingi yokwelapha: iyakhuphula izinsalela zemisipha, izitsha; kunciphisa amagesi emathunjini; ikhuthaza ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo kwamanxeba ngenxa yokucwiliswa nokususwa kokuvuvukala, kuqinisa umzimba.
Umthombo wezinamba zamavithamini C, P, A, utshani obungaphansi kwe-basilica. Lawa mavithamini athuthukisa isimo sesikhumba, izinwele nezipikili, ukuqinisa imithwalo yegazi nokuthuthukisa umbono.
I-Basil nayo ibalulekile ngoba iqukethe i-camphor, enezindawo zokuzondla izikhungo ezicindezelekile zokuphefumula nokusabalalisa. Futhi, i-camphor isetshenziselwa ukuphulukiswa ngemva kokugula okukhulu kanye nokuhlinzwa okukhulu.
Emithi yokwelapha, izakhiwo ze-basil zitholile uhlelo lokusebenza ezifweni zesimiso sokugaya, ukuvuvukala kwe-urinary tract, i-dysbiosis ngenxa yemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antispasmodic.
Ukumnika ubusika basil kuyasetshenziswa ngaphandle - ekwelapheni amanxeba, izilonda, ukuhlanza ngezifo zomlomo womlomo. Umthelela omuhle kakhulu unotshani lwesibhakabhaka esikhumbeni, uma uyifaka ebhodini.
Indlela yokupheka ukumnika ubusika obuncane: udinga ukuthatha isipuni esisodwa se-basil esomisiwe, uthele amanzi abilayo (1 indebe), ubambe isigamu sehora. Uthole umthamo we-infusion bese udla indebe ye-1/3 kathathu ngosuku.