I-metabolism yizo zonke izimo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka emzimbeni womuntu, lapho kuguqulwa khona izinto namandla. I-metabolism isho ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla, ukuhoxiswa kwamakhemikhali angadingekile, ukuxoshwa kwama-xenobiotics, ukubunjwa kwezinto ezidingekayo, izixhumanisi eziphakathi, njll, okuwukuthi, kuhlanganisa zonke izimo ezithinta ukusabela okwenzeka emzimbeni futhi zihloswe kokubili ukuhlanganiswa nokubhujiswa kwanoma yimaphi ama-compounds. I-metabolism yinkinga ejwayelekile futhi izimbangela zezinkinga ezinjalo zingase zihluke.
I-metabolism iqukethe izinqubo ezimbili ezihlangene - i-anabolism (synthesis reaction) kanye ne-catabolism (ukuguqulwa kwesenzo, ukuhlukanisa).
I-anabolism ihilela ukuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali kanye nezingxenye ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwe-enzymatic. I-Anabolism ihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuqukethe izibopho ze-phosphate ze-ATP.
I-Catabolism, ngokuphambene nalokho, kusho ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokudla ngesikhathi se-enzymatic reaction futhi kuhambisana nokukhululwa kwamandla ngendlela ye-ATP. Okusho ukuthi, ama-enzyme adlala indima enkulu ezinkambisweni zemethamo.
Izimbangela zokuphazamiseka kwamagciwane
Izizathu eziyinhloko zilandelayo:
- Ukuphulwa kwezinhlelo ze-endocrine nezesabekayo zomzimba;
- Ukungabi nama-enzyme ngenxa yokwephulwa kwe-synthesis yabo;
- Ukungabi namaprotheni omzimba omzimba;
- Ukungabi namaprotheni okuthutha;
- Ukushintsha okuphawulekayo ekudleni, okuholela ekungeneni kwezakhi zokulandelela, amavithamini, ama-amino acid abalulekile, amafutha acids;
- Akufanisi ukwakhiwa kwekhwalithi nokulinganisela kokudla ngezindleko zamandla eziphelele emzimbeni;
- Izindleko ezinzima ngokweqile emzimbeni;
- I-Receipt yamakhemikhali angaphandle, ayenobuthi (xenobiotics);
- Ukuhlukunyezwa ezingeni lezakhi, ku-DNA.
Inethonya elikhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwemetabolism kunendlela yokuphila, ukujwayela kokudla okunomsoco, ukudla okukhethiwe kahle, inani lokulala okuvamile, izimo ezicindezelayo, ukudlala imidlalo kanye nokunyakaza okusebenzayo.
Kukhona iphuzu lokuthi izizathu zokuphulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic ziphinde zilandele lokhu okulandelayo:
Ciza izinguquko ekuphileni
Kuye kwavezwa ukuthi abantu abanzima ukubona izinguquko nokuvuselela izimpilo zabo bavame ukubhekana nokukhathazeka komzimba. Izifundo zesikhathi eside ziye zabonisa ukuthi phakathi kwalabo ababhekene ne-anorexia, labo abalwela ukulandelana okuqinile ekuphileni, balindele futhi bahlele izimpilo zabo zivame kakhulu.
Izinkinga zomndeni
Abacwaningi baseMelika baye babonisa ukuthi abantu ababhekene ne-bulimia kungenzeka ukuba bavele emindenini lapho kungekho ubuhlobo obuvamile phakathi kwamalungu omndeni, akukho musa, ukusekelwa, ukusizana komunye nomunye, njalonjalo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-bulimia iba yindlela yokuheha, ngakho-ke inxephezela ukungaphezu kwamakhilogremu ukungabi nobuhlobo bomndeni.
Abantu abanesifo se-anorexia, emanzini amaningi, babe nabazali abanamandla, abaqinile abasaqhubeka becindezela izingane zabo nemindeni yabo. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kuholela emibangweni emndenini, ukungabi nobuhlobo obuvamile.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukunciphisa ukuqonda kwesisindo kungenxa yesinyathelo sokuqala esizimele. Abantu abanjalo bazama ukufakazela ukuthi bangumuntu, ukufakazela abazali babo ukuthi bangakwenza okuningi ngaphandle kweziphakamiso zabo, ngakho-ke baqala ukulawula isisindo sabo.
Izinkinga zomphakathi
Abanye abantu baqala ukuxhuma izinkinga zenhlalo, ukwehluleka, ukwehluleka kobudlelwane kuphela ngokuphelela kwabo. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo umuntu uya esiphethweni sokuthi uma ebengumzimba omncane noma omncane, akukho lutho olubi oluyokwenzeka kuye. Wahlala ekudleni okunonya, okubangela ukwephulwa kwezinqubo zemithi emzimbeni.
Ukwethuka okukhulu ngokomzwelo, kuhlanganise nezingozi zomgwaqo, isahlukaniso, izinkinga nabathandekayo, ukufa kwezihlobo, ukudlwengula kwesifo.
Ukuvimbela
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhubazeka komzimba kunemiphumela emibi, ukwelashwa okuzodinga umzamo omkhulu, isikhathi nemali. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuvimbela le pathology kunokuyiphatha kamuva.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukwephulwa kwezinqubo zemethamo ziyatholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. Ziyancipha zibe nokudla okulinganiselayo, indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukulala okunempilo. Zama ukugwema izimo ezicindezelayo futhi uye ezidlweni ezinengqondo. Uma kwenzeka izinkinga, sicela uxhumane nochwepheshe ukuze uthole usizo.