Yini esikwaziyo mayelana nesimungumungwane? Kuyinto isifo esiyingozi kakhulu esithathelwanayo esithinta kakhulu izingane zasenkulisa. Isikhathi sokugxilonga siphezu kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-10, futhi ukusakazeka kwenzeka ngokukhipha nokukhwehlela. Lokho, eqinisweni, yilokho kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngalokho esingasazi mayelana nesimungumungwane. Futhi lokho kufanele ukuthi wazi.
Izisulu ezinganeni: izimpawu, ukwelashwa - yisihloko esijabulisa abazali abaningi. Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi yisimungumaphi nokuthi siyayibona kanjani. Igciwane lesishukela lingokwesihlobo sama-Morbillivirus. Ingena epithelium yendlela yokuphefumula iphinde isakaze ngegazi emzimbeni kuzo zonke izitho kanye nezicubu zomzimba. Amaconsi omkhuhlane, i-mucus namathe emntwaneni, aqukethe igciwane, lapho ekhwehlela, ehlabezela, ekhuluma ewela emoyeni futhi lapho isakazeka ngokushesha. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngisho nokuxhumana nombuso noma ukuthungatha uthuli oluqukethe igciwane. Ukutheleleka kungabanjwa "ngisho noma uhamba nge-elevator enezingane ezinesifo. I-measles eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukuhamba" isifo.
Izimpawu:
Izimpawu zokuqala ziyi-fever ephezulu, i-catarrh (ukuvuvukala kwebhubhisi lamaphaphu), i-conjunctivitis kanye nokukhwehlela (okungaholela ku-bronchitis), khona-ke ukuqhuma okubomvu okuqala ngemva kwezindlebe bese kusakazeka ngokushesha kuwo wonke umzimba.
Lesi sifo sihlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezintathu.
1. I-efihliwe kuqala, inesikhathi sobude bezinsuku ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-18, lapho igciwane emzimbeni lingabangeli khona izimpawu.
2. Isikhathi sesibili siphakathi. Kuhlala izinsuku ezingu-3-4 futhi kuhambisane nezimpawu ezibonakalayo kunoma yikuphi ukutheleleka okunamandla okuphefumula: i-malaise, impumu egijima ngokukhishwa okukhulu emakhaleni, ukukhwehlela, ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva yamehlo, umkhuhlane omkhulu. Kancane kancane, lezi zenzakalo ziqiniswa - photophobia, ukuvuvukala ebusweni, i-pertussis, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuvukala ngisho nokuvuvukala kwe-larynx kwenzeka ngokuqala kokuhlaselwa okunzima okukhulu. Kukhona ukucasula, ukulala okubi. Ungabona ikhanda, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, izinkinga ezinezihlalo (ngokuvamile uhudo). Le nkathi ibonakala ngokubonakala ngaphakathi kwamathumbu nezinsini ezinamabala amhlophe ezimhlophe ezizungezayo. Lesi isibonakaliso esiqinisekisiwe sesimungumungumzimba - izindawo okuthiwa yi-Filagov-Koplik. Zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokushona noma ngosuku lokuqala noma lwesibili lokuqhuma.
3. Isikhathi sesithathu sesifo yisikhathi "sokuqhuma": sibonakala ngokukhuphuka okusha kokushisa kanye nokwehla kwesimo esijwayelekile sesiguli. Kukhona ukuqhuma okubomvu - kuqala ngemuva kwezindlebe, bese ubeka emathunzini, ebunzini, bese kuba mkhulu kakhulu, kuhlanganisa umzimba wonke kanye nemilenze. Ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4 ukuqhuma kuyanyamalala, futhi izindawo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo zihlala. Isikhumba soma futhi siqala ukucima. Konke lesi sikhathi ingane ihlushwa ukushisa okukhulu. Kodwa ngokushesha lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba linciphisa - isimo siya kancane kancane.
Ubani ongakwazi ukuthola imilenze
Naphezu kwesimo esiphezulu kakhulu sesisimungumungqimba, kunamaqembu abantu abangatholi lesi sifo. Okokuqala, bangabantwana ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila, omama babo abaye baba nesigungqangi. Iningi lalaba bantwana ligcina umkhuhlane wabo umama, kusukela esikhathini sokubeletha kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4 zokuphila. Ukwandisa amaphesenti okukhukhumazeka kwezifo ezinsaneni ezisondelene. Amacala omuntu ngamunye wokuzivikela emasimini phakathi kwalabo abonakala sengathi baye babhekana nalesi sifo ngaphandle kwezimpawu nawo achazwe. Ukungavikeleki emasimini kuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ezinganeni eziye zabhekana nesifo sesingqimba zisencane ngesikhathi esifushane, emva kweminyaka embalwa, kungase kube nokutheleleka kabusha - lesi sifo sizobuyela futhi.
Ukuvimbela:
Ungawunaki isifo esinjalo njengesimungumiso ezinganeni, ngezimpawu bonke abazali okufanele bazi. Kodwa hhayi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela lesi sifo. Ukuvimbela isirayisisi ukuhlukaniswa kweziguli ngesikhathi esifanele. Kumele kuphelelwe yisikhathi kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-5 ngemuva kokuqala kwe-rash. Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesimungumungwane, kufanele ubike ngokushesha lokhu enkulisa lapho umntwana ehamba khona.
Lesi sifo sinengozi kunazo zonke ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala, ngakho-ke uma ingane inezinkampani zokwelashwa zokugonywa - udinga ukumvikela ngokukhethekile ekutheleleni. Uma kungekho ukuphikisana nokugoma, emva kwezinyanga ezingu-15 ingane idinga ukugonywa.