U-Angina yisifo esithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi esingajwayelekile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi: i-angina ikhona kuwo wonke amabhuku okubhekisela kwezokwelapha, abaningi baye baba nayo, abaningi bayazi ukuthi uma "izigulane zinyuka futhi zigwinya kabi" - yiyona eningi kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akukho-angina ekuhlukaniseni izifo zamazwe ngamazwe (i-ICD-10). Ukuphazamiseka? Cha nakancane.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ama-angina amaningi. Ngokuqondile, kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziningana eziningana zingabalelwa ngaphandle kokushiya indawo. Isici esivamile esibahlanganisa sonke yisimo sangaphakathi senqubo ekubunjweni okukhethekile kwesistimu ye-lymphatic ebizwa ngokuthi ama-tonsils.
Sizokwenza ukucindezelwa okuncane ukuze siqonde ngokuningiliziwe: yiziphi izikhwama, nokuthi kungani sizidinga.
Uhlelo lokuvikela
Ukungakhulelwa, okungukuthi, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, umqondo ulula kakhulu kakhulu. Limelelwa ngamangqamuzana, izicubu, ngisho nezitho ezithile ezikhethekile. Icubu eligcwele izivikelo namaseli libizwa ngokuthi i-lymphoid. Emzimbeni kukhona izindawo eziningana zokuhlushwa kwazo. I-pharynx ingenye yazo.
Inani eliphakeme lempahla yangaphandle liza emzimbeni wethu ngekhala nasemlonyeni - lapha nomoya, namanzi, nokudla, nezinye izinto eziningi ezingekho oyinyumba. Izitha ezinonya kunazo zonke zingcono kakhulu ukuba zingabi nengozi ezindleleni ezikude, zingazivumeli. Leyo yinhloso yento yonke yokubunjwa okukhethekile emphinjeni, okuthiwa ama-tonsils.
I-tonsil iyinhloko ye-lymph node evulekile. Esikhathini sesishukela esixhumeneyo sisebutho eliphakeme labavikeli emzimbeni ngendlela efanayo nezicubu ze-lymphoid. Kukhona amathani amaningi: i-pair of palatines, i-lingual (ewumsuka wolimi), i-pharyngeal (udonga olusenyakatho lwe-pharynx), i-pair of tonsils (eminyangweni eya emathinini abuyele ngemuva kwe-pharynx). Yonke le nkanyezi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Pirogov-Valdeier indandatho.
Sithi, okokuqala, sinesithakazelo kumathoni we-palatine, ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi "izigulane". Ngomhlaba, zilinganiselwe emagqumeni e-palatine - amafolda wekhanda elimangcwaba, eliphuma emmpandeni wolimi kuya emlonyeni ophansi (ngakho-ke igama). Lezi tonsils zikhulu kunabo bonke, kunsimu yabo ukuthi idrama ebizwa ngokuthi "angina" idlala.
Ngendlela, i-amygdala ngesiLatini izwakala njenge tonsila, ngakho ukuvuvukala kwayo kuzobizwa ngokuthi "tonsillitis". Lapha ngaphansi kwegama le-tonsillitis eliyingozi futhi i-angina yethu ihlala ku-ICD-10.
Izivakashi ezingahambelwanga
Okuyinhloko ye-tonsillitis elula ilula: ukuthuthukiswa kwesenzo sokuvuvukala ekuphenduleni kokuthola amathoni ezincane ze-pathogenic. Kungaba amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, isikhunta, ngokulandelana, i-angina iyoba ibhaktheriya, igciwane noma i-fungal.
Kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ze-angina ezifweni ezibulalayo zegazi, kodwa ehlathini elinjalo asikwazi ukusebenzisa, sizoyeka inqubo yokutheleleka.
Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwama-bacteria "ama-pathogens" athandwayo kakhulu kunazo zonke ze strep throat kukhona streptococci. Cishe ngo-80-90% we-tonsillitis enzima i-streptococcal. Ngokuvamile, imbangela yalesi sifo ingaba staphylococci noma i-pneumococci. Okungavamile kakhulu ekudleni kwe-pathogen kungenza izinyathelo ze-spirochaetes, bese kudala u-angina ongathí sina kakhulu uSimanovsky-Plaut-Vincent.
Into ethakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi i-angina ingadluliselwa nje kuphela ngamaconsi amasiko ajwayelekile, kodwa futhi ngokudla, ngoba ubisi olufanayo noma amazambane ahlambulukile kuyisimo esihle sokukhiqizwa kwe-staphylococci noma i-streptococci.
Esikhathini esizayo, lapho sikhuluma nge-angina, sizobe sibheka engqondweni ye-streptococcal i-tonsillitis ejulile, ngoba iyona evame kakhulu.
Ukungqubuzana kwesithakazelo
Umsebenzi we-streptococcus ukungena emzimbeni womuntu futhi uzuze lapho ngento enhle. Umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba wokuzivikela akumelwe ungaphuthelwa endaweni engcwelengcwele futhi ulahlekelwe ngokulahlekelwa okuncane. Kukhona ukuvuvukala - okungukuthi, ukusabela kwendawo ekufakweni kwe-pathogen.
Ukuvuvukala kwama-tonsil kubonakala ikakhulukazi ekubomeni kwawo (ukugeleza kwegazi) futhi ukwandise (i-edema). Lesi yisithombe esifanayo ongasibona ngokuvula umlomo wakho phambi kwesibuko bese uzitshela ukuthi "A-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah." Izinga lokukhulisa amathoni angase ahluke - okungenani abheke ngisho nomdwebo we-palatine, futhi ekugqibeni akhethiwe emgodini womlomo futhi othinta omunye nomunye. Ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwamathoni, sinesifo esiyinhloko se-angina - umphimbo obabayo uma ugwinya, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuhluleka ukugwinya noma yini, ngisho namathe.
Ngendlela, ngomphimbo omuncu i-rhinitis, ukukhwehlela noma "uhlale phansi" izwi alilona uhlobo. Lezi zimpawu cishe zizokhuluma nge-ARVI noma isimo sezilonda zesifo.
Umzila olandelayo wokuzivikela yisifunda. Ngama-angina, kubonakala sengathi ukwanda nokwehliswa kwe-angular-maxillary lymph nodes. Zingahle zizungeze i-angle yomhlathi ophansi - ukujikeleza nxazonke ubukhulu be-pea noma inhloko yama-hazelnuts.
Umngcele wokugcina ungumzimba. Impendulo ye-intrusion ye-streptococcus - i-fever ephakeme (kufika ku-39 ° C), ama-chills, ama-aches ama-muscle, i-malaise, ubuthakathaka, isisulu sokunxanxathela, kanye nezinye izibonakaliso zokudakwa okuqedile isithombe somtholampilo se-angina.
Izigaba ezintathu
U-Angina uyinqubo yesiteji. Futhi uma engaphazamisi, ngokuvamile uhamba phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zakhe.
Konke kuqala ngomlomo we-catarrhal. Amathani amancane avuliwe futhi avuliwe, ukunyuka okuncane kokushisa, ubuhlungu obuncane lapho bugwinya. Umkhuhlane oyinqaba ongenalutho ubambezeleka ngalesi sigaba, ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ngokwazo aziwaniki ngaso sonke isikhathi lezi zimpawu njengenani elifanele.
I-tonsillitis ye-follicular iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu. Igama lihlotshaniswa nokubukeka ebusweni bezingxenye zamaphuzu okuqoqwa kwe-pus, okuthiwa i-follicles. Lapha sesivele sinesithombe esiphelele se-angina, kufaka phakathi umkhuhlane omkhulu nezinye izimpawu ezibonakalayo.
Uma ungangeneli, inqubo izoqhubeka futhi, i-pus izoqala ukugcwalisa amafolda amathoni - ama-lacunae. U-Angina uzodlulela esigabeni seLacunar.
I-tonsillitis enobuhle iyingqayizivele kakhulu, futhi kusho ukuthi imfucumfucu isuke iqubuzana, ukuguqulwa kwesibindi kumathambo azungezile, izinga lokushisa libe ngu-41 ° C, ngokuvamile elingavumelani nokuphila.
Ukwelapha
Udokotela kufanele aphathe angina. Ukuzivocavoca kuleli cala akugcini nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyingozi, okuyinto kamuva. Ukuxilongwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe yi-bacteriological examination (swab kusuka ekhaleni nepharynx). Iqiniso liwukuthi izifo eziyingozi kakhulu, isibonelo, i-diphtheria, ingaveza isithombe esifanayo.
Imithi yesimanje inezinto zonke ezidingekayo ukuze kuphumelelwe ukuletha umuntu emqaleni. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ngama-antibiotics, akhethiwe futhi acabangela ukuzwela kwe-microflora (enye ukuhlaziywa kwe-bacteriological).
Kuyadingeka ukuba ugcine ngokucophelela yonke imiyalelo kadokotela futhi kungenoma yiluphi icala ngaphandle kokunciphisa inkambo yama-antibiotic. Uma kungenjalo, ungakhula i-monster enobudlova nezidakamizwa.
Imiphumela engenzeka
Manje mayelana nento ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuthi ingabe i-angina iyingozi kakhulu, futhi kungani odokotela bebophezelekile ukugcina inyanga yonke ingculazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-urine, ukuthatha i-electrocardiogram nokwenza ezinye izifundo.
Iqiniso liwukuthi streptococci yizivakashi ezingathandeki kakhulu. Ziyasebenza kakhulu, zi-immunogens, futhi zingabangela ukuhlaselwa kwemizimba emzimbeni wethu. Izinkinga ezinzima kunazo zonke yi-rheumatism (ngenhloso yokulimala kwenhliziyo nokuhlanganyela) kanye ne-glomerulonephritis (ukunqotshwa kwezixhobo ze-glomerular izinso). Lezi zifo ezimbili zilula ukuvimbela kunokuphulukisa kamuva.
Yingakho kungenjalo uma kufanele uyeke ukwelashwa, ubuyele emithwalweni yangaphambilini, noma ngabe isimo sezempilo sithuthukile ngosuku lwesithathu lwesine-4 lokugula. U-Angina - isifo sengqondo sokukhohlisa nesingenangqondo ngokwayo asikhulumi.
Ukwehluleka ukungena kubantu kubangamaphesenti angu-10-15. Futhi abantu abasha (eminyakeni engaba ngu-30) basengozini enkulu yezifo. Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezihlobene nobudala bokusebenza kwesistimu yomzimba.