I-Poinsettia isitshalo esihlobisa kakhulu. Kubantu lesi simila sabizwa ngokuthi "inkanyezi kaKhisimusi", lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqalisa ukuqhuma ngoDisemba, kusihlwa sikaKhisimusi.
Abaqambi bokuqala be-poinsettia babengama-aztec futhi babibiza ngokuthi cuetlaxochitl. Ijusi elimhlophe le-poinsettia ama-Aztec asetshenziselwa ukulwa nomkhuhlane. Futhi izibhakabhaka ezibomvu zahamba njengendwangu yemvelo yezindwangu ngisho nezimonyo.
E-United States, imithombo emihle kakhulu yafundwa ngenxa yokukhuthazwa kuka JR Poinssett, owayengumhlengikazi nodokotela (1779-1851). UPoinsett wayeseMexico ngo-1828, futhi lapho uqale wabona i-poinsettia futhi wathumela masinyane amasampula eNingizimu Carolina ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, lapho aqala khona ukuphindaphinda amasampuli lapho efika futhi athunyelwa ezitsheni zezitshalo. Ekukhiqizeni kwezebhizinisi, lesi sitshalo sawela ngo-1830 futhi emva kwesikhathi saba isitshalo esidumile okuthiwa i-poinsettia (poinsettia). EMelika, kwakukhona isiko lokuthenga i-Poinsettia for Christmas, kusukela lapho lesi siko sathunyelwa eYurophu.
Izici zokunakekelwa.
Izitshalo ezingaphandle: i-poinsettia ikhula kahle ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, ngaphandle kwemisebe yelanga. Ehlobo, kungcono ukuthatha isitshalo ukuze uvule umoya omusha (ensimini, ebhodini), kodwa kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuvikela isitshalo kusuka emidwebeni, imvula, imisebe yelanga. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukukhipha i-poinsettia emoyeni omusha, igumbi kufanele lihlale liphefumula. Kusukela ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, sidinga ukunakekela umbuso wokukhanyisa bese i-Poinsettia izohluma ngoNyaka Omusha. Uma nje iqala ukunyamala, isitshalo kumele sihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene emnyama (ukukhanya akufanele kufike kuwo), kodwa ekuseni kuphela. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi "esimnyama" kufanele sibe okungenani amahora angu-12 ngosuku, kodwa hhayi amahora angu-14. Lo mbuso kufanele ugcinwe cishe amasonto angu-8, emva kwalokho ungabuyela ekunakekeleni okujwayelekile. Ukukhanyisa okuhlala njalo kuvimbela ukwakheka kwefihlekile, kodwa kuyasheshisa ukukhula kwamaqabunga. Cishe ngemva kwamasonto amathathu emva kwenkathi "ebumnyama" enjalo, i-flower buds yenziwa phezu kwesitshalo. Uma i-poinsettia futhi iqhubeka iqukethe kule mode, bese uqala ukuqhakaza ama-bracts aqhakazile.
Izimbali zenzeka ngesikhathi sasebusika, ngaleso sikhathi izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngama-14-16 degrees. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula i-poinsettia kufanele ibe ekamelweni elinokushisa kwama-degree angu-14. Kuyo yonke inkathi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingama-18-25 degrees.
Ukunisela kufanele kube nokuningi, njengoba isisekelo somhlabathi soma. Ebusika, ukuchelela kunomsoco, inhlabathi kufanele ibe njalo enomanzi, ngakho-ke ungadluli futhi ungaphezu kwamanzi.
Isikhathi sokuphumula e-poinsettia sisho. Uma izibhakethi seziwile, isitshalo singena ekuphumuleni okwesikhashana, okuhlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe, ngenkathi kungavumeli ukomiswa kokugcina kwe-substrate. Lesi sitshalo phakathi nalesi sikhathi kungcono ukuqukethe ama-12-14 degrees kanye nomswakama ophezulu womoya. Lapho lezi zindlu ziqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe njalo amaqabunga, amanzi atshisayo (aphelile).
Ukuze uqale ukuqhakaza emva kwesikhathi sokuphumula, i-poinsettia iqala ukuhluma, kubalulekile ukunakekelwa kokudla okuvamile, okungukuthi, ukunikeza umanyolo wamaminerali ngesikhathi sonyaka-ekwindla njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
Ukutshala izitshalo zePoinsettia kungenziwa entwasahlobo njalo ngonyaka. Ngo-Mashi, iziqu kufanele zinqunywe ku-1/3 bese zibeka endaweni efudumele efasiteleni enelanga eliningi. Ngemuva kokunquma, izinso ezintathu kuya ezinhlanu ezinamandla kakhulu kufanele zihlale esiteshini. Amanzi ngalesi sikhathi udinga amanzi atshisayo. Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga avele, isitshalo kufanele sitshalwe endaweni ebhodweni, okumele isayizi ibe yikhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Umhlaba kumele ube ne-acidic kancane (pH = 6). Ungathatha ukubunjwa okubumba okulandelayo: udaka-turf emhlabeni (izingxenye ezintathu), ishidi (izingxenye ezimbili), isanti (ingxenye engu-1) ne-peat (ingxenye engu-1). Kumele kudingeke kube khona amanzi amanzi. Ngemuva kokudilika, lesi sitshalo sifakwa endaweni efudumele, emva kwalokho siqala ukusifuthola futhi siphuze. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amahlumela amasha azoqala ukwakha, okumele ashiywe amahlumela angu-5-6 kuphela, amanye kufanele asuswe. Amahlumela ahlwanyelwe angasetshenziswa njengezinsimbi zokukhiqiza.
Ukuze wenze ubukeka buhle futhi buhlanganiswe, udinga ukubukela futhi ungavumeli ukuthi iziqu zikhule zize futhi zide. Uma, emva kwakho konke lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke amahlumela adingeka ukuthi ancishiswe futhi.
I-Poinsettia - izitshalo ezikhiqiza nge-cutical aptings entwasahlobo. I-stem elungiselelwe kumele ibe okungenani ama-internodes angu-5. Uma usika isiqu, i-latex ivela - ijusi elimnandi, kufanele lisuswe ngephepha lokuqeda, bese kuthiwa ukusika kunamachashazi aqhekekile. Njengoba kukhululiwe i-latex, uhlanga lufakwa emanzini abandayo okwesikhashana, kanti kuphela luhlanganiswa namalahle. Lokhu kuzokuvimbela ukunciphisa ukubola, ngoba i-latex igcizelela izitsha, ngaleyo ndlela igweme ukuphulukiswa "kwesilonda", ngaphandle kwayo ingabangela ukutheleleka okuhlukahlukene. I-Cuttings ithatha izimpande endaweni engavamile yokudonsa (i-peat nesihlabathi, ezithathwe ezingxenyeni ezifanayo) noma emanzini. Ukusika kunezimpande ezingcono, ungasebenzisa ukugqugquzela ukukhula. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngamayelana nama-24-28 degrees, isitsha esinezicucu kufanele sihlale sisebenza umoya futhi siphucuziwe. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izimpande zivela bese amahlumela amancane angatshalwa zibe izimbiza ezincane. Uma lesi sitshalo sesikhulile kusukela ekunqunyiwe, kufanele sikhethwe ukuhlanganiswa okungcono.
Izinkinga ezibonakalayo.
- Ukungena kwamanzi ngokweqile, kanye nokuntuleka komswakama, kanye nokuntuleka kokukhanya, kuholela ekusheni kwamaqabunga, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuwa kwawo.
- Ukushisa okuphansi noma okusalungiswa kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamaqabunga, kungekho zibonakaliso zokubheka.
- Ukushisa, umoya owomile kubangela ukuthi i-inflorescences iwile, futhi emaphethelweni amaqabunga aphenduke aphuzi noma asundu.
- Kulimale: i-thrips, i-mealybug, isi-spider mite.