Amafutha omnqumo amafutha emifino akhishwe ezithelo zomnqumo. It isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukupheka, kodwa futhi kubalulekile izimonyo, ngoba kuyasiza kakhulu umzimba. Isazi sefilosofi esingumRoma uPliny sathi: "Kuneziqu ezimbili ezidingekayo kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Ingaphakathi iwayini, ingaphandle ngamafutha omnqumo. " Mayelana nalokho okushiwo amafutha namafutha omnqumo, futhi kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.
Ubuhlobo obuqinile phakathi komuthi womnqumo nezithelo zawo ezivela enkolweni nenkolo yezwe kuboniswe emithonjeni eminingi - imibhalo nemisebenzi yobuciko. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakukhona amasiko kanye namasiko amaningi - amaholidi "egolide elimanzi." Ngisho naseBhayibhelini kwakubonisiwe ukuthi uNowa wathumela ijuba ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini indawo eyomile endaweni ethile, kodwa ubuyela, ethwele igatsha lomnqumo emlonyeni wakhe. Kusukela emasikweni abantu abahlukene, izincazelo zezwe "elithembisiwe" nazo zaziwa, lapho amagilebhisi, amakhiwane kanye nemithi yomnqumo ekhula. Igatsha lomnqumo laliyisibonakaliso sokuthula, bese kungumcebo.
Ngesikhathi sama-Olimpiki, igatsha lomnqumo laqala ukubonakala njengophawu lokunqoba. ERoma lasendulo, iminqumo yayingokudla kwansuku zonke. Ngaleso sikhathi, babevela ikakhulu eSpain.
U-Hippocrates welule abantu ukuthi basebenzise amafutha omnqumo ekuhlanzekeni kwabo siqu. AmaGreki asungula insipho yokuqala, ukuxuba i-talc, umlotha kanye namaconsi ambalwa amafutha omnqumo. Ama-Arabhu agcwalise lobu buchwepheshe ngokubilisa amafutha omnqumo nomlotha. Ngekhulu le-XI eMarseilles, iGenoa naseVenice baqala ukukhiqiza insipho yangempela esekelwe kumafutha. Ibha yensipho enzima yasungulwa kuphela ngekhulu le-XVIII. Noma kunjalo, insipho eyenziwe ngamafutha omnqumo yayibiza.
UHippocrates, uGalen, uPliny nabanye abaphulukisi basendulo baphinde baphawula ukuphulukiswa okungavamile kwamafutha omnqumo, baze bawabiza ngokuthi magic. Izifundo eziningi zanamuhla ziqinisekisa izindawo eziwusizo zamafutha omnqumo. Manje lo mkhiqizo wemvelo ohlanzekile usetshenziswa kakhulu njengengxenye ebalulekile yokudla nemithi yokwelapha.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi, ngenxa yezinto zalo zokwelapha, ama-oliva namafutha omnqumo ayingxenye yemithi engu-473 yemithi. Esikhathini esidlule, amafutha omnqumo ayebhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokusikhipha. Kodwa umsebenzi wokuqala wezesayensi ngempela ohlobene nalo mkhiqizo, waqala ukubhekana nabososayensi kuphela ngo-1889 eFrance. Bathi i-amber liquid ikhulisa ukufihla kwe-asidi esiswini. Ngemva kwekhulu leminyaka, ngo-1938, enye inqubo yesayensi ibike ikhono leminqumo namafutha omnqumo ukuhlanza i-gallbladder.
Zonke lezi ezinye nezinye izinhlobo zokuphulukisa amafutha omnqumo zithathwa ngokubunjwa kwalo. Akuziphindaphindi futhi lixhomeke kuhlobo lomnqumo, isivuno sonyaka, isifunda nezinye izici eziningi.
Ukusuka eGrisi, amafutha omnqumo asakazeka kulo lonke iMedithera. Abaphathi bamaRoma baqala ukutshala izihlahla zomnqumo endaweni yombuso. Yonke iNorth Africa yayigcwele amasimu. Kwabe sekuyi-conquistadors yaseSpain. Babeyi-prikozano ngokuqinisekile ukuthi bayothatha izithombo zomnqumo. Ngakho-ke, ekhulwini le-XVI, umnqumo waluwela i-Atlantic futhi wahlala eMexico, ePeru, eChile nase-Argentina.
Inani lomsoco weminqumo namafutha omnqumo
Sekuyisikhathi eside izwe selinomlutha wamafutha avela ezithelo zomnqumo. Namuhla, amazwe amathathu abaholi ekunikezeni leli "golide elimanzi" emhlabeni jikelele - eSpain, e-Italy naseTurkey. Ezitolo e-US, eJapane naseRussia, ama-olives aseSpain namafutha omnqumo athengiswa kakhulu. Ama-Olives akhulile ogwini lwaseTunisia anemfanelo ephakeme kangangokuthi ngisho namaSpanish ayathenga. EFrance, iminqumo ikhula ngokuyinhloko esifundeni saseNice. Kunezihlahla ezingaba ngu-1500 ezikhulayo lapho.
Izwe | Ukukhiqizwa (2009) | Ukusetshenziswa (2009) | Isilinganiso sonyaka ukusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye (kg) |
ESpain | 36% | 20% | 13.62 |
Italy | 25% | 30% | 12.35 |
Greece | 18% | 9% | 23.7 |
Turkey | 5% | 2% | 1.2 |
ESiriya | 4% | 3% | 6th |
I-Tunisia | 8% | 2% | 9.1 |
Morocco | 3% | 2% | 1.8 |
EPortugal | 1% | 2% | 7.1. |
E-USA | 8% | 0.56 | |
EFrance | 4% | 1.34 |
Izinzuzo zezeMpilo
Amafutha omnqumo ngumkhiqizo onempilo kunazo zonke, ngakho-ke amafutha amaningi asezingeni eliphezulu aqukethwe kuwo. Icebile i-linoleic, i-oleic acid, i-vitamin E, iphosphorus, insimbi, amaprotheni, amaminerali. Amafutha omnqumo acebile ngama-acids e-polyunsaturated nama-acids monounsaturated ayimfuneko ebalulekile yamafutha. Kodwa hhayi nje la ma-acids anikezela izinto zokuphulukisa zamafutha omnqumo. Okuqukethwe kwe lipids ezingenakuqhathaniswa nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Emafutha atholakala kumbewu (i-sunflower, ummbila, i-rapeseed), ayikho i-lipids engaphumelelanga, okwaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezingxenye eziningi zokuphulukisa zalawo mafutha. Amafutha omnqumo, ngokuqondene nawo, anezici eziningi eziningana ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwezakhi ezithile:
- Ama-sterols - vimba ukukhathala kwe-cholesterol emathunjini;
- Ama-tocopherols - anezakhiwo zama-antioxidants;
- I-Terpenes, ekhuthaza ukugcinwa kwe-bile acid;
- i-carotene , enezakhiwo ze-antioxidant;
- i-phospholipids - izingxenye eziyinhloko zamangqamuzana omzimba, ikakhulukazi, izibilini ze-neuronal;
- amahomoni e-estrogenic;
- I-Vitamin A , eyaziwa ngokuthi i-antioxidant;
- I-Vitamin D, eyandisa uketshezi kwe-calcium emathunjini;
- flavonoids , okubandakanyeka emthethweni wokunciphisa i-oxidation emzimbeni;
- I-Chlorophyll , enikeza ama-olive namafutha omnqumo umbala omuhle okwesibhakabhaka futhi igqugquzela ukukhula kwamaseli, ikakhulukazi, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu nama-leukocyte.
Kwabonakala ukuthi amafutha omnqumo anomthelela omuhle wokwelapha nokuvimbela izifo zenhliziyo. Kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga 'lokubi' futhi lande "cholesterol" elihle, kuncishiswe ukuqina kwe-oxidation yama-radicals yamahhala, ukuvuselela ukucindezela kwegazi, ukwandisa ukuqina kwezindonga ze-arteries nokunciphisa ingozi ye-thrombosis. Amafutha omnqumo anciphisa inkambo yokuguga emzimbeni. Izivivinyo zibonise ukuthi amagundane aphethwe ngamafutha omnqumo aphila isikhathi eside kunaleyo. Ubani abondla noma amafutha ommbila noma amafutha e-sunflower. Okufanayo kubonakala kubantu: esiqhingini saseKrethe, lapho abantu basekhaya basebenzisa ikakhulukazi amafutha omnqumo, izinga lokuphila lilodwa eliphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni. Ososayensi baseMelika baye bafakazela ukuthi uma uphuza isipuni samafutha omnqumo ngosuku, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amafutha ngesikhathi, ingozi yomdlavuza webele izokwehla ngo-45%. Izifundo zenzelwe iminyaka engu-4. Babekhona abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-60 000 abaneminyaka engama-40 kuya ku-76. Ososayensi abangamaGreki bathola ukuthi uma usebenzisa izipuni ezingu-3 zamafutha omnqumo nsuku zonke, ingozi ye-rheumatoid arthritis inciphisa izikhathi ezingu-2.5.
Ezinye zezinzuzo zeminqumo namafutha omnqumo
- Kuwusizo ezintweni zenhliziyo, kuthuthukisa ukugaya, kuvumela ukusebenza kwesibindi.
- Okuthinta kahle isikhumba.
- Usiza ukuphatha amanxeba avulekile, aphuma ekhanda.
- Kunganciphisa ukwakhiwa kwezibazi. Ama-ulcers asakaza nsuku zonke ngokushesha nje lapho ehlunga.
- Ukuze uthole izifo zendlebe, amathoni kanye nomphimbo, ukushisa amafutha omnqumo ebhodini lokugezela nge-koqweqwe lwawo ngamanzi bese uxubana namafutha e-linseed (1: 3). Le nhlanganisela ithululelwa esikhwameni esiboshwe ngendwangu yesikotini bese ibeka endaweni yentamo. Ama-Bandages bese ubamba imizuzu engu-15.
- Ukuhlanza ipheshana lomzimba, kutuswa ukuba uphuze isipuni esingu-1 samafutha omnqumo kwisisu esingenalutho.
- Uma uhamba okuningi emini, futhi imilenze yakho ikhathele - yenza umqubu wokuhamba ngezinyawo ngamafutha omnqumo ohlanganiswe nejamu likalamula.
- Ukususa i-callus ezinyaweni zakho, sebenzisa u-garlic oqoshiwe namafutha omnqumo.
- Ngokumelene nezinambuzane ezilunywayo futhi zishisa, faka amathisipuni amabili amafutha omnqumo nomunye amaqanda abamhlophe namafutha endaweni ethintekile.
- Iziguli ezine-hepatitis C zidinga isikhathi eside njalo ekuseni ukuze zithathe isipuni esisodwa samafutha omnqumo bese uhlanza umlomo wakho ngesigaxa selamula.
Nakuba kuyisiphuzo esiphundu futhi enempilo, amafutha omnqumo kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuqapha. Uma usebenzisa ukupheka, iphoyinti noma ipuphu yokudoba akufanele ifuthe ngaphezulu, ngoba amafutha alahlekelwa izimfanelo zawo eziwusizo futhi abe mabi.
Zokupheka ezithokozisayo ngeminqumo kanye namafutha omnqumo
Indlovukazi enhle yaseGibhithe egeza emanzini ngamafutha omnqumo. Ezinye izincomo zezithokozi zingatholakala namuhla:
- Ukugcina imaski yesikhumba se- tan enhle ye-bronze yezinhlamvu ezingu-4 ze-suntan lotion, ufulawa, i-1/2 indebe yobisi, i-spoonful of honey kanye ne-spoonful yamafutha omnqumo. I-mask yenziwe ebusweni nasentanyeni, ngenkathi isishisa. Susa emva kwemizuzu engu-10 bese ugeza ubuso ngamanzi afudumele.
- Uboya izinwele: 1 i-yolk ehlanzekile yamaqanda ehlanganiswe nejusi encane, bese ufaka amahlumela amafutha omnqumo. Le mask kufanelekile izinwele ezomile.
- Ukuze amazinyo amhlophe agcobe: lungise ingxube yamaconsi amaningana amafutha omnqumo nolwandle usawoti. Izinyosi zigaxa le ngxube bese ugeza kahle.
- Ukugeza nokufakwa kwamaconsi ambalwa amafutha omnqumo kuyondla isikhumba somzimba, kuqinisa izipikili, ezilula kalula.
- Ngezibazi ezibonakalayo esikhumbeni ngemuva kokukhulelwa, hamba njalo usule amafutha omnqumo, ukumboza umzimba ngendwangu efudumele bese ugeza emva kwemizuzu engu-10.
- Ngezandla ezinhle: zimboze imizuzu engu-10 ngamazambane oqoshiwe, bese ugeza ngamanzi afudumele, bese uwaphuza ngobumnandi ngamafutha omnqumo.
- Ukuze ugweme ukomisa isikhumba , faka izandla zakho ngesigamu sehora emafutheni omnqumo afudumele, bese ucindezela ngodaka namafutha omnqumo.
- Uma unesikhumba esomile , hlanganisa i-kernel ye-avocado ngamafutha omnqumo bese wenza imaski ebusweni. Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-20 hlambulula ngamanzi afudumele.
- Uma imibimbi - uhlanganise ijusi lemon elilodwa nezipuni ezimbili zamafutha omnqumo bese uhlunga ngobuso ubuso obuphindwe kabili ngesonto ngaphambi kokulala.
- Ukuze uhlale unesikhumba esithambile , ugcoba ngamafutha omnqumo ngaphambi kokugeza.
- Ngokumelene ne-dandruff: hlanganisa umnqumo omncane kanye namafutha we-castor, bese usakaza yonke ingxube ezinwele zakho futhi emva kwemizuzu engu-20 ugeze.
- Ngezinwele ezinhle, ezinamabala: hlanganisa i-yolk eyodwa, ijusi lemon elilodwa, isigamu seglasi lebhiya kanye ne-isipuni esisodwa samafutha omnqumo. Yenza izinwele ezinemizuzu emihlanu usula ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imoto.