Ngimiphi imithi engingayithatha nge-allergies

Ukungezwani komzimba kuyindlela enjalo yomzimba wethu ekutholeni izinto ezithile, ngenxa yalokho izicubu zayo zonakaliswe. Futhi ngokuqondene nokuwohloka kwesimo sezinto eziphilayo, ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo, ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-chemical detergents, izinguquko esimweni sokudla, inani labantu abanenkinga yokuzifola phansi liphindwe kabili njalo eminyakeni eyishumi. Kuze kube manje, zonke izinhlobo zezifo ezithathelisayo zithinta inani lesihlanu labantu emhlabeni. Futhi phakathi kweziguli ezine-OAA (i-allergosis enzima), cishe yesihlanu - lokhu kukhulelwe. Ngimiphi imithi engingayithatha nge-allergies?

Ukwelashwa kokuqala kuqala kanjani? Ekuthuthukiseni kwayo, izigaba ezintathu ziyahlukahluka.

Isigaba esisodwa - i-allergen yokuqala ingena emzimbeni. Ngendlela ye-allergen, noma yini engayenza: ukudla, izinwele zezilwane, impova yezimila zezimbali, amakhemikhali asekhaya, izimonyo. Amaseli omzimba omzimba aqaphela lezi zinto njengabantu abangaziwa, futhi aqale ukukhiqizwa kwamagciwane. Ama-antibodies amasha asanda kumiswa angalinda ukuxhumana okulandelayo ne-allergen phakathi nonyaka, ngokunamathela kuma-cell e-obese ngaphansi kwama-membrane nama-epithelial tissues.

Isigaba sesibili - i-allergen yesibili ingena emzimbeni. Ama-antibodies ayaphendula, futhi avuse indlela yokuvula amangqamuzana omzimba kanye nokukhululwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo (i-serotonin, i-histamine nabanye). Lezi yizinto ezibangela izimpawu eziyinhloko zokwelapha (nazo zibizwa nangokuthi ama-hormones angama-inflammatory noma abalamuleli bokuvuvukala).

Isiteji sesithathu ukuphendula okweqile ngokwayo. Ngenxa yokukhululwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo, i-vasodilation iqala, ukungena kwamathissi kuyaqina, i-edema iqala, ukuvuvukala kuqala. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic kungase kwenzeke - ukwehla okukhulu kwegazi ngenxa ye-vasodilation eqinile.

I-allergenosis enhle kunazo zonke ihlukaniswe ngamafomu alula futhi asindayo. Amafomu okukhanya ahlanganisa:

* I-allergenic rhinitis - ukuvuvukala kwebhande elimangcwaba, ngenxa yalokho okushiwo ikhala, ukuphefumula kunzima, ukuxuma, ukufihla kwamanzi okucwiliswa kwamanzi, ukuvutha komlilo ku-pharynx.

* i-conjunctivitis ye-allergen - ukukhala, i-eyelidi i-edema, ubomvu, umjovo we-conjunctiva (izitsha ezisesweni ziyabonakala), photophobia, ukwehlukaniswa kwegebe leso.

* i-urticaria yangakini - isikhumba simbozwe ngamabhanti aphikisiwe, sinesizinda esicukile futhi sakhuphuka emaphethelweni, ukubonakala kwesilingo esinzima.

Amafomu aqinile we-OAS afaka:

* I-urticaria ejwayelekile - yonke indawo yesikhumba ihlanganiswe amabhulashi aphikisiwe, futhi konke lokhu kuhambisane nokushaywa komzimba wonke.

* U-Edema Quincke - ukuvuvukala njengezikhumba kanye nezicubu ezingaphansi, kanye nezibungu ezinamaqanda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-edema yamajoyina, i-tract yamathunjini kanye ne-larynx ingaqala. Nge-edema yesigcawu sesisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nobuhlungu besisu kuqala. Uma i-edema laryngeal ibonakala ikhwehlela, ukukhipha kungase kuqale.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Anaphylactic - ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu (ukushaqeka ukukhanya) noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (ukushaqeka okukhulu), i-edema ye-laryngeal nokuphefumula kanzima, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvutha okukhulu, i-urticaria yehle kakhulu. Kubonakala ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emihlanu yokuqala emva kokuxhumana ne-allergen.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukuhlushwa imifantu, i-rhinitis ye-allergen ne-edema ka-Quincke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umama enesifo somzimba, ingabe ukungezwani komzimba akuveli ebusweni (ukufinyeleleka kuma-antibodies ngokusebenzisa i-placenta kuvaliwe), kodwa ingane ishintshe isimo somama ngesimo sokukhubazeka kwegazi ku-fetus kokubili ngaphansi kwe-allerergosis nangaphansi kwemiphumela yezilonda eziphikisayo.

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha isifo sofuba ukuphela kokuphumelela nokuphephile kwezimpawu zakhe. Endabeni yokukhulelwa - ngaphandle kwezingozi zemiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus. Ekutholeni kokuqala ukubhekana nokwelashwa kuyadingeka ukubhekana nomuntu ongenalutho, ngisho noma isimo se-OAZ sasihlala isikhathi esifushane. Phela konke, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-allergic allergen kuyinto yokuntuleka okuphelele kokuxhumana ne-allergen. Ukutholakala kwalo, kuqhutshwa izifundo ezihlukahlukene: izinga lama-anti-gciwane e-IgE egazini lihlolwe futhi livivinywa ukuhlolwa kwe-scarification (isixazululo esilungiselelwe ngesisekelo sezilwane eziyaziwayo senziwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngesamba esincane futhi umzimba uphendukela kuso uma kuvela noma kungabumbwanga ukuvuvukala emzimbeni ).

Yiziphi izenzo ezidingeka kakhulu uma kwenzeka i-OAS? Okokuqala, uma wazi i-allergen yakho - ungavumeli ukuxhumana nayo, noma ususe umphumela wayo kuwe. Emva kwalokhu, buza udokotela. Uma ukubonisana kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yalokho, khona-ke kukhona uhlu lwezidakamizwa ze-antiallergenic.

Imithi elwa ne-antigengenic iphakathi kwezizukulwane ezimbili. Isizukulwane sokuqala se-H2-histaminblockers ngu:

Isizukulwane sesibili sama-H2-histaminoblockers yi:

Isizukulwane sesithathu se-H2-histoblockers

Ngimiphi imithi engingayithatha nge-allergies? Into ebaluleke kakhulu akusiyo ukuzama ukuphatha ukungezwani komzimba, kodwa ukubonisana nochwepheshe, thola uhlobo lwezilwane, bese uzama ukuwagwema ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.