Njengamanje, ukusebenzisana nokuthintana komzwelo kwemizwa kanye nesizathu, ngokomzwelo nangokwemvelo, kunesithakazelo esikhulu. Ukwazi umhlaba ozungezile, ingane ngandlela-thile ibhekisela kulokho aziyo. Isazi sezengqondo esihle, uL.S. U-Vygotsky wabhala ukuthi isici sesici sokuthuthukiswa komuntu "ubumbano obuthinta nokuqonda." Umbuzo uvela, yini ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kwengane: imizwa, imizwelo noma inselelo yococnitive? Bangaki abantu, imibono eminingi kangaka. Abanye abazali banakekelwa ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukiseni amakhono wengane, abanye kumhlaba wakhe ongokomzwelo. Okushiwo imizwelo ekuthuthukiseni ingane kuyoxoxwa kulokhu kulesi sihloko.
Lapho uphendula umbuzo ngokubaluleka kwemizwelo empilweni yengane, umuntu angaba nomdwebo ngokuphathelene nencazelo yendawo yecangechunge. Iyini into esemqoka kulokhu: ubude noma ububanzi? Uyomomotheka futhi uthi lokhu umbuzo oyisiphukuphuku. Ngakho-ke umbuzo wokubaluleka kokuthuthukiswa (ukuqonda noma imizwelo) kubangele ukumomotheka kwisazi sengqondo. Ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kwesigaba somzwelo ekuthuthukiseni ingane, kufanele sigcizelele isikhathi esibucayi kakhulu - iminyaka yobudala. Ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ushintsho kokuqukethwe okuthintekayo, kubonakala ngokuyinhloko ekuveleleni kozwela kwabanye abantu.
Ugogo akazwa kahle, futhi lokhu kuthinta isimo somzukulu. Ukulungele ukusiza, ukuphulukisa, ukunakekela ugogo wakhe othandekayo. Kule minyaka yobudala, indawo yemizwelo esakhiweni somsebenzi ibuye ishintshe. Imizwelo iqala ukulindela ukuqhubeka kwanoma yisiphi isenzo somntwana. Ukulindela okunjalo ngokomzwelo kunikeza ithuba lokuthola imiphumela yomsebenzi wabo nokuziphatha kwabo. Akukhona ngengozi ukuthi ingane, ngemuva kokuzwa injabulo emva kokudumisa abazali, ifuna ukuzwa lesi simo sengqondo ngokuphindaphindiwe, okuyikhuthaza ukuba uphumelele. Ukudumisa kubangela imizwelo emihle nesifiso sokuziphatha kahle. Isikhuthazo kufanele sisetshenziswe lapho ingane ikhathazeka, ingavikelekile. Umqondo we "ukukhathazeka" uyisici esibonakala ekuthambekeni kwengane emizweni ehlala njalo futhi ejulile yokukhathazeka. Ezinganeni zasenkulisa nabantwana abasebancane, ukukhathazeka kusengenakulinganiswa futhi imizamo ehlanganyelwe yabazali, othisha, othisha kuyabuyiselwa kalula.
Umntwana uzizwa ekhululekile futhi ehlolisisa kahle, abazali badinga:
1. Ukunikeza ukusekelwa kwengqondo, ukubonisa ukunakekela kwangempela ingane;
2. Ngokuvamile ngangokunokwenzeka, unikeza ukuhlolwa okuhle kwezenzo nezenzo zomntwana;
3. Mdumise phambi kwabanye abantwana kanye nabantu abadala;
4. Hlanganisa ukuqhathaniswa kwezingane.
Ucwaningo oluningi lwesosayensi lufakazela ukuthi ubunzima ekuqondeni nasekuchazweni kwemizwa nemizwelo yabo, ukungaqondi imizwa kanye nemizwelo yabanye kwandisa ingozi yokutholakala kwezifo ezingokwengqondo kokubili ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
Imizwelo ihamba nathi sonke impilo. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezemvelo aluhambanga hlangothi, futhi siyipenda ngemibala yombono wethu. Isibonelo, siyasijabulela imvula noma cha? Umuntu oyedwa uzokujabulela imvula, kanti enye, ngokuklabalaza, kuyokwenya: "Futhi lokhu kuphazamiseka!" Abantu abanemizwelo emibi abakwazi ukucabanga okuhle, bona okuhle kwabanye futhi bazihloniphe ngokwabo. Umsebenzi wabazali ukufundisa ingane ukuba icabange kahle. Kulula nje, ukuba ube nethemba, ukwamukela ukuphila kulula futhi kujabulise. Futhi uma kulula kakhulu kunabantwana abancane, abantu abadala abaningi badinga usizo lwabantu abasondelene nabathandekayo abethembayo.
Ezinye izikhungo zaseYurophu ziye zafunda izinkinga zokuxhumeka kwemizwelo nokuqonda, kanye nomthelela wazo ekufezeni impumelelo. Kwafakazelwa ukuthi izinga lokuthuthukiswa kwe-"intelligence intelligence" (EQ) lithatha cishe amaphesenti angama-80 empumelelo emiphakathini yezenhlalakahle nezomuntu siqu, kanti i-IQ-coefficient of intelligence eyaziwayo, elinganisa izinga lomakhono womuntu, ingama-20% kuphela.
Ukutadisha "ukuhlakanipha ngokomzwelo" kuyindlela entsha yokucwaninga kwengqondo. Ukucabanga kuxhomeke ngokuqondile kwemizwelo. Ngenxa yokucabanga nokucabangela, ingane igcina imemori imidwebo ehlukahlukene yesikhathi esedlule nesikhathi esizayo, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo okuhambisana nabo. "Ukuhlakanipha komzwelo" kuhlanganisa ikhono lokuzivocavoca, ukuqonda imizwelo yabanye abantu nokuphatha ngokwabo. Inani lalo alikwazi ukugcizelela. Ngaphandle kwemizwelo, ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuwabonisa kulokhu noma kuleso simo, umuntu uphenduka i-robot. Awufuni ukubona ingane yakho injalo, akunjalo? Ukuhlakanipha komzwelo kunezinto ezithile zesakhiwo: ukuzethemba, ukuzwelana, ukuzinza ngokomzwelo, ithemba, ikhono lokuvumelanisa imizwelo yomuntu ekushintsheni izimo.
Ukuvimbela okungavamile ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzwelo kwengane:
• Ukukhipha izingcindezi zomzwelo. Lokhu kuhlinzekwa yimidlalo yeselula, ukudansa, ipulasitiki, ukuvivinya umzimba;
• ukudlala izimo ezihlukahlukene ukuze ufunde ukuzitholela imizwa yakho. Kule ndlela, indima yendima idlala ngamathuba amaningi. Iziqephu zemidlalo enjalo kufanele zikhethwe izimo ezinzima, zikhomba ukubonakaliswa okucacile kwemizwelo, imizwa. Isibonelo: "Ngosuku lokuzalwa lomngane", "Ekutholeni udokotela", "Amantombazane-omama", njll;
• ekusebenzisaneni nezingane ezincane - iminyaka eyishumi nambili yasenkulisa yasenkulisa - ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemidlalo ngamadonki. Ingane ngokwayo ikhetha "isibindi" nesibindi esithi "owesaba", "okuhle" nethi "okubi". Izindleko kufanele zihanjiswe kanje: ngoba udonsa "onamandla" uthi umuntu omdala, "owesaba" - ingane. Bese bashintsha izindima, ezizovumela ingane ukuba ibheke isimo kusuka kumaphuzu okubuka ahlukene futhi ibonise imizwelo ehlukene;
• khuluma ngokukhululekile nengane mayelana nemizwa enomthelela omubi esithombeni esivele sikhona se "I". Lokhu akunakwenzeka njalo ngesikhathi esisodwa, ingane kaningi ayifuni ukukhuluma ngayo ngokuzwakalayo. Kodwa uma ethembele, angakwazi ukuveza amazwi akhe amabi. Uma ukubiza imizwa ephakeme kunobuthakathaka futhi akusenayo imiphumela enjalo ewonayo ku-psyche.