Ngokusho kukaSelye, ukucindezeleka akuyona nje "ukuphendula okungapheli komzimba kunoma yisiphi isidingo esinikezwe kuso." Ukucindezeleka kanye nomthelela wayo empilweni yengqondo yomuntu kulungiswa ngezindlela eziningi, ake sibone ukuthi yini ngempela.
I-Chemistry ne-Physics
Usuku lokuqala kanye nengxoxo engathandeki nomphathi - into efanayo, uma sikhuluma kuphela ngendaba yokucindezeleka yalezi zenzakalo. Ekuhlukunyezweni nasebudlelwaneni bobulili, ngokudabukisayo nangenjabulo, emcebweni nasebumpofu kusukela ekubukeni komzimba into efanayo eyenzekayo. Ubuchopho buyinikeza umyalelo: "Ukuqapha, ukulungela yilapho inombolo!" Okokuqala, isimiso sezinzwa siyaphendula: sithumela isibonakaliso kuma-gland adrenal aqala ukuphonswa ngokuphumelelayo ama-hormone okucindezeleka - i-adrenaline ne-cortisol. Okokuqala, sigijime, bese usaba, kusho umzimba uphendula ukucindezeleka. Lesi sici esingenakulinganiswa esasizuze okhokho bethu - yilokho okwakufanele sigijime nsuku zonke, sibalekele emathunzini athukuthele, bese sisuka ku-tiger ehlutshulwa yi-saber. Kuze kube manje, nanoma yikuphi, ngisho nengozi encane, ingozi, umzimba uguqula ngokuzenzakalelayo umbuso "wokugijima noma wokugijima", owenzelwe ukusiza inkosi ukuba igcine noma ukuphumelela empini. Izitsha zincane, ingcindezi iphakama, futhi inhliziyo ishaya kaningi - njengokungathi ifuna ukuphuma esikhwameni. Igazi lisuka ebusweni futhi ligeleza emisipha - kusukela nendawo engekho khona kubonakala amandla namakhono ongazange ulindele kuwe. Ukucindezeleka kukhuthaza, ngaso leso sikhathi kusiza ukuhlukanisa okusanhlamvu emakhokheni, okubaluleke kakhulu kusuka kumbili. Unikeza ithuba lokuphila ngaphandle kokucabanga. Ukwesaba kukunethezeka.
Amaqabunga, ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kugcina i-tonus, ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuthi ube yindlala futhi ugula, kusuka ekucindezelekeni okubalulekile ngeke uphume. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yiKelly Services luqinisekisile ukufaneleka kwabacwaningi bezenhlalo: kwavela ukuthi izakhamuzi zamazwe aphumelele kakhulu emhlabeni - eSwitzerland, eSweden naseNorway - zizwa ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kokucindezeleka futhi azibekezeli. Futhi abaseRussia, abajwayele ukwanda ngokweqile, cishe abakuboni. Lapho nje ukucindezeleka kwacaca, ososayensi emhlabeni wonke baqala ukuwufunda ngentshiseko. Isibonelo, ama-demographers asekhaya afunyanwa: iningi lezinyanga ezide phakathi kwesizukulwane sikagogo nomkhulu-abantu abanenkinga enkulu, abagcwele izimpikiswano kanye nokuncishwa. Ososayensi base-Israel baye bahlola ubuqili bobulili bokubekezelelana kokucindezeleka. Bakhuthaza abafundi abangu-97 beYunivesithi yaseJerusalema ukuthi babambe iqhaza ekuxoxweni kwengcindezi. Okokuqala, ngamunye ozobhapathizwa wanikezwa imizuzu emihlanu ukuzitholela ngokucacile ebusweni bamajaji amathathu kanye neleso lekhamera yethelevishini. Engxenyeni yesibili yokuhlolwa, lezi zihloko zaphoqeleka ukuthi zibale kusukela ngo-1687 ku-oda okulandelanayo, uma kwenzeke iphutha, ziqala kabusha. Ukuhlaziywa kwezihloko zokuhlolwa kwe-sali kubonise ukuthi emadodeni izinga le-cortisol (futhi ngenxa yalokho ukucindezeleka) kwakuphakeme kakhulu. Ososayensi baseDenmark baqinisa ngisho nokuzivikela kwethu, ukunciphisa, ikakhulukazi, ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza webele. Imiphumela yocwaningo lukaProfesa Stuart Brody waseNyuvesi yaseWestern Scotland yayingalindelekile ngokuphelele. Kwabe ukuthi ukwenza ucansi ngekhondomu kungaholela ekucindezelekeni. Futhi ucansi oluvikelekile, ngokuphambene nalokho, luvusa isimo sengqondo futhi luphinde lubuyele. Usosayensi usekela iziphetho zakhe ngokuthi ngokwemigomo yemvelo siyithokozela kuphela kwezocansi, okungaholela ekuqhubekeni kohlobo.
Ukucindezeleka ukuphathwa
UHans Selye akazange abone lutho olwesabekayo ezimweni ezibucayi, wayekholelwa ukuthi kwakukhona kubo ukuthi babekhona iphunga nokunambitha kokuphila. "Ungesabi ukucindezeleka. Akukwenzeka kuphela kwabafileyo. Noma kunjalo, kuphakama umbuzo wemvelo. Uma ukucindezeleka kuyasiza, kungani abantu besaba kakhulu futhi behlupheka ngenxa yemiphumela yaso? Uma sinomuzwa wokuthi izilingo zomphakathi (noma izidingo zethu) zikhulu kakhulu futhi azikwazi ukufana, siyesaba, masinyane sikhathele futhi, ekugcineni sigule. U-Selye wabonisa ukuthi ukushintshashintsha kwemvelo ngokuqhubekayo kuqhubeka ngezigaba ezintathu. "Isigaba sokukhathazeka nokugqugquzela (umzimba usebenza zonke izinsiza eziye zaqhubeka isikhathi eside) zisisiza ukuba siqaphele uma, isibonelo, sibheke ehlathini elimnyama ebusuku. Ukusabela okunamandla ekucindezelekeni kuvame ukubonakaliswa yizifo zokulala. Akunjalo ukuleleka: kwenzeka ukuthi umuntu uhlale ephuzile, ephuza kakhulu impumulo yakhe, kodwa ngesizathu esithile akabheki - unezinkinga "eziphuthumayo". Abesifazane baqala ukungena, ukuthunga, ukuqhaqhazela emasontweni, bazi kahle ukuthi konke lokhu kungenziwa kusasa. Ngokuvamile kusezimo ezinjalo abantu abahlala phansi phambi kwe-TV futhi babukele, isibonelo, ifilimu eye yabukwa isikhathi eside futhi iyazi okuqukethwe kwayo kahle. Uma kulesi sizwe umuntu usakwazi ukulala, uvusa njalo amahora ambalwa - ngokuvamile avela emasontweni. Izazi zengqondo zeluleka ukuthi uziqede imicabango ecasulayo yasebusuku ngosizo lokuzivocavoca okulula. Cabanga ukuthi ngaphansi kombhede wakho ibhokisi elikhulu noma isikhuni sokhuni. Ukucindezeleka kufanele kulawulwe, "kusho usosayensi. Izinkinga zingakwazi ukukhipha umuntu e-rut, kodwa ngokungafani nesilwane, sikhululekile ukukhetha ukugwinywa elwandle ngokuphendula okucindezelayo noma ukukhipha "izakhi" ezidingekayo kulokhu okuhlangenwe nakho nokuthatha into ethi psyche into engasizuzisi. Kulula kancane ukuvula isembozo saso bese uphatha konke okuhlushwa yiyo: injabulo yezengxoxo zebhizinisi kusasa, ukwesaba ukukhohlwa ngomhlangano obalulekile, umbiko ofike ngesikhathi, izikweletu ezingakhokhelwa. Uma uvuka ngakusasa ekuseni, ungavula isembozo bese uthola ukukhathazeka kwakho - uma ufuna, kunjalo. Abanye abantu balwa nokucindezeleka zonke izimpilo zabo. Kodwa ukubamba sekuvele kusungulwe ngokwayo. Maye, abacindezeli besigaba sokuqala - amanani, intela, izinyathelo zeziphathimandla, isimo sezulu, imikhuba kanye nabalingiswa babanye abantu - cishe kungaphezu kokulawula kwethu. Yiqiniso, ungaba nokwesaba futhi uqalekise mayelana nokuphuma kwamandla noma umshayeli ongekho emthethweni owadala ukuqhuma komgwaqo emgwaqeni, kodwa, ngaphezu kokuphakamisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi nokuxilongwa kwe-adrenaline egazini, ngeke ufeze noma yini. Kungcono kakhulu ukwamukela isimo futhi uphumule - ngosizo lwezindlela zokuphumula komzimba, ukuzindla, ukuzivocavoca noma izimiso zokucabanga okunengqondo (ukuthola izikhathi ezinhle.) "Ukulwa" nokucindezeleka kusho ukusabela ngokumelene nomzimba wakho nokuphendula kwayo kwemvelo. Ukulwa nomzimba wakho akudingekile - kufanele kube abangane bese ubambisana, bese-ke uzokubonga ngokubonga. UProfesa we-Psychotherapy Yuri Shcherbatykh uphakamisa uhlelo lonke lokunqoba ukucindezeleka. Ngokombono wakhe, kuyadingeka kuqala ukucacisa ukuthi luphi uhlobo lokugqugquzela oluhilelekile.
Esikhathini sesimo sengxabano esibonakala singenakulinganisela kithi, sifuna ukwenza i-jerk, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukuze izinkinga ziphele ngokushesha. Umphumela - umjikelezo omusha wokucindezeleka futhi ungene epholile. Lona iphutha eliyinhloko. Kudingekile ukuba ungadli, kodwa phumula futhi, uma kungenzeka, ujabule. Abacindezeli besigaba sesithathu yizinto eziyingozi ukuthi thina ngokwethu siba yinkinga (emva kwakho konke, ukucindezeleka akusona umcimbi, kodwa ukusabela kwethu kuwo). Isibonelo, ukukhathazeka ngekusasa (kusukela emcabangweni okhungathekileko "Ngabe ngivimbile insimbi?" Ukwesaba ukufa) nokuhlangenwe nakho ngenxa yesikhathi esedlule esingenakuguqulwa. Indima ebalulekile lapha ayidlali hhayi ngeqiniso, kodwa nge-setting yangaphakathi. Uyakhumbula indaba kaChekhov ethi "Ukufa Kwasemthethweni" lapho "indoda encane" eyayihlambalaza ngengozi emzimbeni jikelele yabulawa ukwesaba? Uma kubonakala kuwe ukuthi impilo yakho ayikho indawo embi kakhulu futhi ingenza ube nesaba futhi uholele ekucindezelekeni, ke ... mhlawumbe kubonakala kuwe kuphela? Indima yezinto ezithintekayo ifunwa ngobuningi bemicimbi. Kodwa ingabe inkinga yokucindezeleka ingaba imbangela yayo - incike ekukhethweni kwakho kuphela. Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa ukucindezeleka, okungekho kuphela esingakwenza, kodwa futhi kufanele kuthonye. Lezi amaphutha ethu, ukungakwazi ukubeka imigomo nokunquma izinto eziza kuqala, ukungakwazi ukuphatha isikhathi. Uma isimo esinjalo siphinda ngokuphindaphindiwe, khona-ke kuyoba neseluleko esisodwa - ukuqoqa intando ibe yingqimba bese uqala ukuhlela. Ukuze uzame, ungazama ukwenza umsebenzi ongephuthumayo kakhulu futhi ubone ukuthi kuzoba lula kangakanani futhi kumnandi. Futhi ukugqugquzela ingqondo yakho, thatha njengemdlalo. Futhi kuthiwani uma lokhu kungcono? Zinikeze umvuzo: "Ngifanele ngiyenze lo msebenzi ezinsukwini ezimbili ezilandelayo, emva kokuphetha kwalo ngizozithengela ngokwami, ngizozivumela mina, ngizenzele mina ... into efiselekayo." Ngakho-ke, saxoxa ngokucindezeleka kwamaqembu okuqala namabili (izimo esingenakukwazi / ezingakwenza futhi okufanele zizithonye).