Isimo sivamile - wonke umuntu uzwile, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi. Igama elithi "enuresis" liyisiGreki futhi ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ukuthi "ukuvuthwa, ukuphosa." Njengesibonakaliso, ukungahambisani kwamagciwane kungabonakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo. Kodwa, "ubusuku obuthakathaka" yisifo esizimele esiboniswa ukuvuthwa okuzenzekelayo ezinganeni ezineminyaka engama-4 nangaphezulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi ikhono lokugcinwa kwe-urinary lapho ugcwalisa isisu kubhalwe ngokuqondile ngu-3-4 iminyaka.
Abantu abasengozini kakhulu yi-enuresis yezingane zasenkulisa (10%). Abafana bangaphezu kwamantombazane (12% no-7%). Esikoleni samabanga aphansi, ukukhubazeka okujwayelekile kokuvuthwa kwamakhomikhali kungama-4.5% wezingane, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-15 kuphela u-0.5%.
Ngakho-ke, kakade kusukela kule ncazelo ngokwayo kucacile ukuthi i-enuresis yezingane ayinakuxhumeka ngokungahambisani nenqubo yokulala. Kubantu bakholwa ukuthi uma ulele kakhulu ungakwazi nje "ukuzwa" isifiso sokuvota. Le okuthiwa uhlobo olulula lwe-enuresis, ngempela, luhambisana nokulala okujulile. U-Avicenna naye wabhekisela kulokhu. Kodwa sicela! Uma izibonakaliso ezivela esithombeni zingasifinyeleli ukulala, kungani singavamile ukujula phakathi nobusuku njalo futhi sisheshe siye endlini yangasese? Kubonakala sengathi umbhede omanzi awuwona "amahloni kuwo wonke umzana", kodwa futhi indlela yasendulo yokuzibusa, eyenziwa ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ngokusho kwedatha yesimanje, i-enuresis ihloselwe uhlobo lokushintsha izigaba zokulala.
Omama abaningi babheka ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi izingane zabo zihamba ngaphambi nje kokuvuka noma ngokushesha. Okungukuthi, ngomntwana, ukulala ngamanzi kuyisignali yemvelo yokuvusa, ngaphandle kwalokho okungenzeka ukuthi wayengenakho ukuvuswa! Njengoba ubuchopho bukhula futhi i-physiology ithuthukisa, isidingo sokuvuselela okunjalo siyanyamalala. Ngokwezibalo, ngesikhathi seminyaka engamaphesenti angu-87% abantwana abaphilile bayeke ukuchama embhede emini. Ngonyaka abangaphezu kwezingu-2/3 zezingane balele bomile ubusuku bonke noma basuke beqhamuka ngokweqile, okungaphezu kweyodwa ngesonto.
Ngakho-ke, i-enuresis yasebusuku ikhona kuze kube yilapho kudingekile ukuba umzimba wengane uhlawulele ukungenakali kwesistimu yezinzwa. Kubonakala kungenangqondo lapho abapapa nabomama beqala ukuziqhayisa ngaphambi kwezihlobo, abangane kanye nabajwayele ukuthi ngenxa yemfundo efanele i-nesmyshlynysh yabo eneminyaka elilodwa ayisekho "ekhonjelwe" esitokisini. Eqinisweni, ukubonga ngokukhululeka kokuphila komuntu, akufanele kube yedwa, kodwa imvelo. Mhlawumbe i-biology, okungukuthi, izici zokubeletha, ibuye ithinte ukungezwani kobulili ngokusabalalisa kokungahambisani nomzimba. Ngombono wami, isifo esincane se-enuresis emantombazaneni uma kuqhathaniswa nabafana ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wesifazane ukhula futhi ukhula ngokushesha kunomzimba wesilisa. Ukungena ngokujulile kule ndaba, umuntu angacabanga ukuba khona kwencazelo ejulile efakwe kudivayisi enjalo yomuntu.
Ingane ngayinye ihambela esitokisini ngendlela yayo.
Ifomu elilula. Kubonakala ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ezingavamile (izikhathi ezingu-2-5 ngeviki) zokulala emntwaneni onobude obuncike ekutheni uketshezi oludakayo. Ukulala ngokuvamile kujulile - emva kokumisa, ingane iyaqhubeka ilele. Ukuvuthwa okungenasidingo kuvame ukuvela emahoreni okuqala angu-2-3 okulala. Ezimweni eziningi, kubonakala izinkinga zokuzalwa.
I-enuresis ye-neuropathic ivukela umlando wobungozi obuntwaneni obusanda kuzalwa ngokunyuka okukhulu nokukhathala kwesistimu yezinzwa. Ukuphindaphinda kwama-incontinence episodes kuncike ekudleni oketshezi. I-microsymptomatics "ye-neurological" isici. Ngokuvamile lezi zingane zidideka usuku nobusuku. Izingane-i-neuropath ngokuvamile ihlushwa yizikhukhula zisencane. Ngokumelene nesizinda kwanoma iziphi izifo ezihamba phambili ezikhungethweyo, ukukhuthazwa okungenakuphikiswa nokuvuthwa okuvamile akukhona nje kuphela ebusuku, kodwa nasemini.
Ifomu le-neurotic lingajwayelekile futhi lenzeke esikhathini esisodwa esibucayi (iminyaka emi-3, 5, 7) njengendlela yokusabela ekucindezelekeni okubuhlungu nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. Njengomthetho, izingane ziye zahlukumeza, ukukhathazeka, ukuphumula, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuphazamiseka ebusuku, ama-tics, njll. Ngokuhlukumezeka kwengqondo ye-psychotrauma, ingozi yokuziphatha kokuzibulala iyanda. Lapho amandla "okufisa" emphefumulweni wengane ewela, imvamisa yebusuku "obumanzi" iyancipha.
Sizophatha noma sivumele siphile?
Ekusebenzeni kwezokwelapha, ukungahloniphi ubusuku nemini kubantwana kubhekwa njengomphumela ohlangothini wokungabonakali kwesistimu yezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bavame ukunconywa ukuba balinde kuze kube yilapho ingane "iphuma" le nkinga. Kodwa uma i-enuresis iyenzeka kaningi, noma ingane nabazali bakhe basabela ekungeneni kobudlova ngokweqile, baqala ukwelashwa, okuhloswe ngokuyinhloko ekuqaliseni umsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa kanye nesimetabolism.
Okokuqala, kudingeka ulungise ukudla nokuphila kwakho. Ukudla okunomsoco kanye nemifino kuyathandwa, kunenqwaba yezithelo kanye nenani elilinganiselwe liketshezi kanye nosawoti. Emva kwe-18: 19 kuya ku-19 ntambama, iziphuzo azihlanganisiwe ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi itiye nekhofi. Izifundo zokuzivocavoca ezivamile, kusihlwa zihamba ngaphambi kokulala isikhathi esihle impilo yonke. Uma ingane inesikhathi esincane sokuchitha phambi kwe-TV nekhompiyutha, iyophinde izuze yona.
Okubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-microclimate yengqondo emndenini. Ingane akudingeki ibe ngufakazi "wokulwa" phakathi kwabazali. Ubaba nomama kufanele babe yisibonelo esihle, babonise uthando lwabo, bazinikele isikhathi esiyigugu futhi babe nesineke.
Kusuka kwizidakamizwa zokwelashwa kwengane ngokubheja izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu. "Ukwesaba", utshani obune-anti-depressant (iSt. John's wort) kanye nesenzo sokuqeda (valerian, motherwort, cudweed) sizosebenza. Umphumela omuhle wezempilo unezithako zesimanje zokudla: i-wheat ekhishwa ngogesi, ama-vitamin and vegetable complexes ayenziwa kahle nge-rosehip, i-chokeberry ebomvu neyomnyama. Kuzo izitshalo, umphumela wayo ongaqinisekisiwe isayensi, kodwa usetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka kubantu ukuphathwa kwe-enuresis, kusho ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ngama-blackberries, ama-raspberries, ama-cranberries, ama-blueberry, i-dill, ama-croquets negolide.
Ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa zemithi ziyasetshenziswa: izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka i-amitriptyline kanye ne-imipramine. Endabeni yezinkinga zengqondo, i-psychotherapy yomndeni iboniswa, eqhutshwa hhayi nje kuphela kwengane, kodwa nangabantu abadala abakhulu.