Imindeni yemvelaphi ye-ayisikhilimu
Akekho ongasho usuku oluqondile lokubukeka kwesipilisi sokupholisa. Ngokwesazi-mlando, isidlo sokuqala, esingathathwa njengesizukulwane se-ayisikhilimu, sasilungiswa eRoma lasendulo ngo-62 AD ngokukhethekile kumbusi uNero. Lokhu kwakungalungile kwakulungiswa kusuka ku-ice kanye nama-juice. Eminyakeni engu-600 eChina, lezi zithako zaqala ukwengeza ubisi. Iresiphi yalesi dessert yafika eYurophu ngo-1295 futhi yalethwa ngumhambi omkhulu uMarco Polo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, hhayi kuphela iqhwa neqhwa zasetshenziselwa ukupholisa ice cream, kodwa futhi ne-nitrate. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ingxube enhle yathululelwa esibunjini futhi ibeke emanzini, lapho iqhwa lanezelwa khona usawoti noma nitrate. Ukujikeleza okusheshayo kwesikhunta kwaholela ekuqandeni kwe-dessert.
Ngokomunye umlando, umpheki kaCatherine de 'Medici unemfihlo yokulungiselela ice cream, eyamletha naye eFrance. Ukuphakama kokuthandwa kwe-ayisikhiliki kwawa ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi ngaphandle kwalo kwakungekho isidlo sasebukhosini esisodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iresiphi ye-dessert yayigcinwa ekusithekeni okuqinile kakhulu, labo ababememezela ukuthi bajeziswa kakhulu. Ngakho i-ayisikhilimu ingomunye wemithombo yezingxabano zezombangazwe.
Ngo-1649 umFulentshi uGerard Tersen wadala iresiphi yokulungiselela i-vanilla ice cream. Lokhu kwakungukuqala kokunwetshwa kwezinto zokudla ezidliwayo, emazweni ahlukene kwakukhona ukunambitheka okuningi kwe-ayisikhilimu. Ikhulu le-XVII lingabizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi i-golden age of ice cream. Ama-dessert aphelile futhi ahlile - ama-parfait, ama-mousses, "amabhomu e-ice" athola ukuthandwa kakhulu.
Ukudla kweqhwa kwakungatholakali kuphela kubantu basebukhosini, kusukela eParis kwaqala ukuhamba emhlabeni jikelele. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII i-Procopio de Coltelli yavula umhlaba wokuqala we-ayisikhilimu "Tortoni". I-assortment yamakholomu yayinezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-80 ze-ayisikhilimu. Inethiwekhi yalezi zokudlela ziqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku.
Ikhono lokulungiselela i-ayisikhilimu ekhaya lalibangelwa ukusungulwa komxube wezandla ikakhulukazi ukulungiselela. Ngo-1843, u-Nancy Johnson wasungula, kodwa, ekukhohlwa ilungelo lobunikazi bakhe. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uMnu. Young wenza lokho. Idivayisi yokuqala yokulungiselela i-home dessert yakhululwa e-Australia ngo-1855. Ukuqala kwenkathi yokukhiqizwa kwe-ayisikhilimu ngokubanzi kwakha inqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo zokudla ezipholile ezimbonini zakuqala. Futhi abalandeli base-USA be-ayisikhilimu banesibopho sokuvela ngo-1904 wezinkomishi zokuqala zokupheka.
EMelika, intambo ye-ayisikhilimu nayo yasungulwa. Lokhu kwakhiwa kwaba nelungelo lobunikazi ngo-1905 nguFrank Epperson, owashiya ngephutha ingilazi ye-soda ngotshani efrijini. Waqala ukulungisa amaqhwa phezu kweziphuzo zenduku, futhi kamuva wafaka igama elithi "popsicle", kuze kube namuhla amaMelika abiza noma yiliphi izithelo ze-ayisikhilimu ethandeni.
Okuthakazelisayo nakho ukubukeka kwe-ayisikhilimu "Eskimo". Leli gama lesiFulentshi libiza ama-overalls angama-knitted, afana nezendleko ze-Eskimo. Leli gama linamathele e-ayisikhilimu, lihlanganiswe "i-suit" ye-chocolate.
Iresiphi ye-ayisikhilimu ekhaya
Inzuzo enkulu ye-ayisikhilimu eyenziwe ekhaya iwukuthi ilungiselelwe ngaphandle kwama-flavouring kanye nama-dyes, futhi kuvela enobungane. Kodwa kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka zokupheka. Classic kuyinto ukhilimu ayisikhilimu. Ukuze ukwenze, udinga 250 ml ukhilimu, okungenani ama-30% amafutha, ishukela lesigamu se-1/2, u-600ml ubisi lonke, ufulawa obisi-2 wezipuni, amaqanda ama-5 amhlophe, i-vanilla encane.
Ubisi nekhilimu zixubene ne-vanillin futhi zilethwe ngamathumba, emva kwalokho konke okufakwe emaminithini ayishumi. Ingxenye yesine yenhlanganisela iphonswa kwesinye isidlo, yonke ingxube yengezwa ushukela, okumele ichithe ngokuphelele. Bese ushaya abamhlophe, ungeze ufulawa omncane. Ekugcineni, ubisi olumnandi lufakwe engxenyeni yeqanda futhi luboshiwe ku-foam besebenzisa i-mixer. Ingxube ephumela, evuselela njalo, iyabiliswa emanzini okugezela kuze kube yilapho ikhula. Bese useza lonke ubisi, ubeke umlilo omncane, uvuselele njalo, ulethe ngamathumba.
Khona-ke ingxube eholayo ihlungwa nge-sieve ukususa izibhamu, ithululelwe efomini elihlile futhi lifakwe imizuzu engamashumi amathathu efrijini. Ngemuva kokuthi ingxube iqhambile, iphinda ihlwithwe futhi iphinde ibuyiselwe ehlathini imizuzu engamashumi amathathu. Bese uphinda le nqubo futhi, futhi isitsha ekugcineni sithunyelwa efrijini amahora amane aze aqedwe ngokuphelele.
Izithelo eziyiphunga zokugcoba
Ungalungisa ukunambitheka okubandayo ngaphandle kwamakhono akhethekile nemizamo. I-iresiphi ilula: 0.5 kg amajikijolo noma izithelo, mhlawumbe efakwe efriziwe, eshaywa nge-0.5 l ye-yogurt noma i-kefir ephezulu. I-cocktail ephumela kuthululwa ku-molds bese ithunyelwa efrijini amahora amathathu, emva kwalokho isidlo silungele ukusetshenziswa.