Indlela ingane ekhula ngayo ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila
Isisindo ingane esilahlekile ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwakhe, ngenkathi esenomama esesibhedlela, uyakhokha masinyane emavikini amathathu alandelayo. Ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila umntwana uthola isilinganiso samagremu angu-600 futhi ukhula endaweni ethile ngamamitha amathathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivolumu yekhanda nesifuba ibuye ikhule ngo-1.3-1.5 cm. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zonke izingane zingumuntu, kanti ngisho nenyanga yokuqala yokuphila unezinhlelo zakhe zokuthuthukisa. Uma izinkomba eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwayo ngokomzimba azihambisani nesilinganiso, kepha, noma kunjalo, ingane izwa kahle, isondeza ubisi noma ubisi ephuma ebhodleleni, ngakho-ke akukhona neze ukukhathazeka.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla
Ukondleka kwezingane ezibalulekile ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila ubisi lwebele. Ukuncelisa ingane ngesicelo kukhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-lactation kumama, kanye nokwakhiwa kobudlelwane obuseduze phakathi komama nengane. Ngokudla okunjalo ingane ayidingi amanzi, konke okudingekayo kuqukethwe ubisi lomama. Njengoba umzimba womntwana usanda kuvumelanisa nezwe elisha, umama emavikini okuqala okuthuthukiswa kwengane kufanele ahambisane nokudla okuqinile ukuze agweme ukuphazamiseka kokugaya kwengane engxenyeni yengane.
Uma izimo zenzekile ngendlela yokuthi ukudla okunomsoco kungenakugwemeka, kuyadingeka ukuthi uxoxe nodokotela wezingane endabeni yokukhetha ingxube yekhwalithi yokudla komntwana. Ngesikhathi sokudla ibhodlela, zama ukuhlala usondelene nengane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ukhokhele ngandlela-thile ukubaluleka kwengane isidingo sokuncelisa esifubeni sikamama.
Iphupho
Iphupho lomntwana osanda kuzalwa lingahlelekile futhi lingavamile. Izingane zilele kakhulu futhi zivame ukuvuka, ivame ukuvusa abazali bayo phakathi nobusuku. Njengomthetho, usana olulele lulala ngamahora angu-16-18 ngosuku. Zama ukuzivumelanisa nama-biorhythms wengane bese uhlela ukudla, ukukhwabanisa nokugeza, kanye nemisebenzi yasendlini, eyanda kakhulu.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ingane iningi ngangokunokwenzeka emoyeni omusha. Igumbi lapho isikhala somntwana simile kufanele sibe nomoya omuhle, ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukuqeda imithombo yomsindo owengeziwe - umsakazo, i-TV, ikhompyutha, njll. Zama ukuhlela ukulala kwansuku zonke kwengane emoyeni ovulekile - epaki, ehlathini noma kwenye indawo, lapho kukhona khona okunye okuphefumulayo.
Ingane kufanele ilele eceleni, ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile ukuba uhambisane nomugqa wesokunxele ngesokudla okuzophazamisa ukuguqulwa kwekhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwakheka okwenziwe umgogodla wengane akudingi ukufaka umcamelo esibuyeni.
Ukunakekela izingane
Okukhathazeka kakhulu kunakekelwa yintsana. Ukugeza kokuqala, ukunakekela isilonda semvelo, inqubo yokushintsha amathayi kuyinto abazali abasha okufanele bafunde emavikini okuqala okuphila komntwana. Ngakho uziphatha kanjani nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa noma indodakazi? Cabanga konke ngokuhlelekile.
Ukuhlanzeka kwasekuseni
Ukuhlanzeka kwasekuseni kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kunikezela: ukuhlanzeka kokuhamba ngamanzi, ukugeza, ukugeza, nokunakekela isilonda somzimba. Zonke izinqubo zinconywa ukuba zenziwe ngokusetshenziswa koboya bekotini oyinyumba namanzi abilisiwe.
Kunconywa ukuthi ugeze ingane yakho emehlweni. Amehlo kufanele asuswe ngoboya bekotini, ehambelana namanzi abilisiwe, kusukela ekhoneni langaphandle kuze kube ngaphakathi. Hlola umuthi wengane uma ungadingeki ukuyihlanza kusuka kuma-crusts owomile. Amadayimenti ahlanzekile kumele ahlanjululwe ngendwangu eboshiwe ye-cotton ye-wool ehambelana nesisombululo somzimba, amanzi abilisiwe noma amafutha omntwana. Ungasebenzisi i-cotton swabs esilungisiwe, ngoba ingalimaza amavesi amancane omsana womntwana. Futhi, ungahlanza izindlebe ngefihlekile. Kusukela emagobolondeni endlebe, kuphela isulfure ehlanzwa, ehlanganisa ngaphandle futhi ibonakale kweso elingahlangene. Khumbula: impumu ayigciniwe ngenhloso yokuvimbela, ngoba ingabangela ukucasuka kwezingqimba zamangqamuzana.
Indlu yangasese yokuphela iphela ngokugubha ubuso bonke bomntwana nge-swab ikotini ehambelana namanzi abilayo.
Futhi, yiqiniso, ungakhohlwa mayelana nesilonda sembilical. Uma isaphazamisa, yiphathe ngesixazululo se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide, bese uqeda ngokucophelela ama-crusts nge-swab yekotini futhi uphinde uyiphathe nge-hydrogen peroxide. Bomisa kancane inkaba nge-swab yekotini, bese uyibeka ngesisombululo se-green brilliant (green).
Ukunakekela phakathi nosuku
Njengoba umntwana osanda kuzalwa ehambela izikhathi ezingu-20-25 ngosuku, futhi isitokisi cishe izikhathi ezingu-5-6, ukunakekelwa phakathi nosuku kunikezela ushintsho oluvamile lwabadwebi kanye nezindiza, kanye nenqubo yokugeza ukuze ugweme ukucasuka emiphumeleni yomchamo nemifino. Izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, sebenzisa ukhilimu we-baby evikelekile esikhunjeni esihlanzekile emasongweni nasemaphakathini angama-inguinal ukuze ugweme ukubonakala kwe-diaper ukuqhuma nokucasula.
Ukwelapha kusihlwa
Indlu yangasese yantambama yomsana, okokuqala, ukugeza. Ukugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlanzeka kwansuku zonke. Njengomthetho. Ukugeza usana uma kungekho ukuphikisana kunconywa kusukela ngosuku lwesibili ngemuva kokukhishwa esibhedlela esibhedlela. Izesekeli ezisemqoka zokugeza kwezingane ziyi: ukushisa kwamanzi, impofu, insipho yesana, noma i-emulsion ekhethekile (umqubu) wokugeza. Ukugeza umntwana kubhekwa ngokukhethekile okubhukuda emanzini ekushiseni kwamanzi okungabi ngaphezu kwama-37 ° C. Uma isilonda sogesi singaseningi, amanzi kuphela abilisiwe kufanele asetshenziselwe inqubo. Umntwana kufanele kancane kancane agxilwe emanzini. Ngemuva kokudilika, amanzi kufanele afinyelele encane emahlombe, angasaphinde. Ubude bokugeza ngesikhathi sokuzalwa akufanele kudlule imizuzu emihlanu. Uma ingane iba isikhulile, futhi ukugezwa kuyomjabulisa, kuyokwenzeka ukwandisa isikhathi sale nqubo. Ngemuva kokugeza, kufanele usule ngokucophelela zonke izinwele zomzimba ngethola bese uzigcoba ngamafutha omntwana noma ukhilimu. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokwelashwa kwesilonda sembilical.
Izinkathazo ezingenzeka
Uma sikhuluma ngokuthuthukiswa kwengane ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, sivame ukukhohlwa ngezimo ezingenzeka ezingabangela abazali imizwa eminingi nezinkathazo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuzibamba ngolwazi ukuze ungakhathazeki ngesizathu esicacile. Ngakho-ke, cabanga ngokuphila kwemvelo okushoyo okungabonwa emntwaneni wezinsuku zokuqala zokuphila.
I-jaundice yemvelo yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa , njengombuso, ivela ezinganeni eziningi cishe ngosuku lwesithathu emva kokuzalwa. Isikhumba sengane sitholakale sithokozi oluphuzi. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuwohloka kwamaseli abomvu wegazi - ama-erythrocytes, okuholela ekukhululweni kwe-bilirubin (i-pigment ephuzi). Njengomthetho, i-jaundice yomzimba ayidingi ukwelashwa okhethekile futhi idlula ngokuzimela emva kwamasonto amabili.
Uma i-jaundice ivela ngosuku lokuqala noma lwesibili ngemva kokuzalwa, khona-ke ingakwazi ukukhuluma ngesifo esibi - isifo se-hemolytic esenzeka ngenxa yokungalingani kwegazi lomama ne-fetus.
Inkinga yocansi
Ezinsana, kokubili abafana namantombazane, isisu sezinyosi singabonwa. Ukucindezela nokucindezela okuqukethwe okuvela ezinhlambini ze-mammary akuvunyelwe neze! Ngaphezu kwalokho, amantombazane ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa angabonwa ukukhishwa kwamanqamu, okuyinto ngosuku 5-8 kungaba igazi. Abafana bangaba ne-edema ye-genitalia yangaphandle, engadlulela amaviki angu-1-2. Zonke izimo ezichazwe ngenhla ziwumphumela wethonya lamahomoni omzali, ukwelashwa akudingi futhi kudlula ngokuzimela.
Ukulahleka kwesisindo semvelo
Ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala ezine emva kokubeletha, ingane ilahlekelwa isisindo. Izizathu zokunciphisa isisindo somntwana osanda kuzalwa ziwukuthi "ukucindezeleka kokuhamba kwesikhathi," inani elincane lobisi oluvela kumama phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, ukuhamba komswakama wokuqala nomchamo. Ngokuvamile, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba kungu-5-6% wesisindo sangempela. Kusukela ngosuku lwesihlanu lokuphila, ingane iqala ukuphindaphinda futhi, ngosuku lweshumi lokuphila, ubuyisela izinkomba ezibekiwe ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Isikhumba esingokwemvelo sithinta
Ngosuku lwesithathu noma lwesihlanu lokuphila kwengane, isikhumba singase sibheke, ngokuvamile ngesisu nangesifuba. Isimo esinjalo, njengalokhu ngenhla, sihamba ngokwawo futhi sidinga ukwelashwa, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isikhumba somntwana siphinde sibe yethenda nokuvota.
I-erythema enobuthi
Ngokuvamile ezinganeni ezinesimo esithathwa njengefa ngokwezenzo zokugula, isimo esinjenge-erythema enobuthi singabonwa. Ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesihlanu lokuphila, ukuqhuma kungabonakala emzimbeni womntwana ngendlela yamabala obomvu, enkabeni lapho ungabona khona i-speck yellow-blue or blister. Ezinsukwini ezingu-1-3 ezilandelayo, ukuhlukana okusha kungavela. Kulesi simo, asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka, kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva ukuqhuma kuphele ngokuphelele.
Ngakho-ke, ngenyanga yokuqala yokuthuthukiswa kwengane, hhayi kuphela ingane, kodwa nabazali bayo bavumelana nezimo ezintsha. Ingane iguqukela endaweni entsha yokuphila, futhi abazali bakhe bafunda ukunakekela ingane encane, futhi bajwayele ukulinganisa impilo yomculo omusha.