Unyaka ngamunye igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lithinta ukushintshwa okuhlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalokho, izinkinga ezintsha zivela, yingakho izinkomba ze-epidemiological zikhula njalo. Ngokusho kwe-WHO, ekupheleni kuka-2016 nasekuqaleni kuka-2017, ama-virus afana ne-A / California (H1N1), i-A / Hong Kong (H3N2) ne-B / Brisbane izoqhubeka. Izinkinga zanamuhla ziyingozi kuzo zonke izigaba zabantu - abadala, izingane kanye, ikakhulukazi, abesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela umkhuhlane we-2016-2017 kufanele kufake izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuvimbela: ukugoma, imithi yokulwa namagciwane kanye nokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu.
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulwa nalesi sifo ukugoma, okuvame ukuqhutshwa emabhizinisini ahlukene naseDOS ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuqala okulindelekile kwalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umgomo awuqinisekisi ukuvikeleka kwe-100% emelene nomkhuhlane, nakuba kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okutheleleka. Ukwandisa izindawo zokuvikela zomzimba, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise okuthiwa yi-chemoprophylaxis, okusho ukuthatha izidakamizwa zokulwa negciwane. Namuhla emisebenzini yezokwelapha kukhona isethi ethile yemithi ephakanyiswayo ekuvimbeleni umkhuhlane kanye ne-ARVI.
Imithi ephumelelayo yokuvimbela umkhuhlane 2016-2017 kubantwana nakubantu abadala
Ngokuvamile, i-influenza, izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula kanye nokushisa okuvamile kubathinta abantu abadala nezilwane zezingane ngenxa yokuzivikela okubuthakathaka. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo okuphansi kuyisici esiyinhloko sokwehluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezifweni ezithathelwanayo. Kule ndaba, umphumela wokuvimbela ukhuthazwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezikwazi ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba nokunciphisa imiphumela yamagciwane amabi. Imithi ephumelelayo yokuvimbela umkhuhlane kubantwana kanye nabantu abadala ihlanganisa ama-interferon inducers (Arbidol, Amiksin, Neovir, Cycloferon). Ngenxa yemiphumela yalezi zidakamizwa, umzimba uveza i-interferon yayo, ngaleyo ndlela ukwandisa ukuvikelwa kumkhuhlane. Esikhathini sokuqala sesi sifo, ama-antiviral agents, kuhlanganise no-Anaferon, Amiksin, Relenza noTamiflu, anomphumela omuhle. Isidakamizwa sokugcina singumuthi ophumelelayo ekulwa nomkhuhlane we-swine H1N1 futhi kunconywa yi-World Health Organization njengokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwesifo kubantu abadala kanye nezingane. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uTamiflu, njengezinye izidakamizwa eziningi, usebenza kuphela ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala zesifo.
Imithi yama-antiviral iyakwazi ukuba nemiphumela emihle kuphela esigabeni sokuqala sofuba
Ukubuyiselwa kwengculaza engakhubazeki kungaba nge-immunomodulators, engathathwa nganoma isiphi isikhathi. Imithi enjalo ihlanganisa Immunal, Lycopid, Bronchomunal. Kodwa-ke, kunombono wokuthi ukwamukelwa okusebenzayo kwama-immunomodulators kungaholela ekunciphiseni kokuzivikela komzimba, okuyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni wengane. Ngakho-ke, abazali akufanele balisebenzise kabi lezi zidakamizwa ngesikhathi beselashwa ingane yabo. Njengokuvimbela umkhuhlane wezingane kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise imithi esekelwe ku-echinacea, i-Chinese magnolia emvinini, umsakazo we-pink, i-eleutherococcus. I-Vitamin C, ephikisana nenkolelo evamile, akuyona indlela yokuvimbela umkhuhlane, nakuba iphumelela kahle uma kunomkhuhlane ovamile emntwaneni nangomuntu omdala.
Okungathatha Ukukhulelwa Ukuvimbela Umkhuhlane Wegazi 2016-2017
Ukuvimbela umkhuhlane kubesifazane abakhulelwe kudinga indlela ekhethekile. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinga le-interferon emzimbeni liyancipha, futhi igciwane lesandulela ngculaza liyaba buthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi yezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, abesifazane abakhulelwe baphakathi kwabokuqala abasengozini. Noma yisiphi isifo se-catarrhal, izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula futhi, ikakhulukazi, umkhuhlane esiteji sokubunjwa kwe-fetal primary kungaba nemiphumela ebuhlungu kakhulu enganeni engakazalwa. Lesi simo siyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi izidakamizwa eziningi ze-influenza, eziphakanyiswa kumuntu omdala omdala, ziphikisana ngokuphelele nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Indlela yokukhetha imithi kufanele ibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ungathathi izidakamizwa eziqukethe u-ethyl utshwala. Futhi, amanye ama-immunomodulator ezakhiwe angase abe yingozi kumntwana. Ngakho yini ongayithatha abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuvimbela umkhuhlane? Imithi ephephile ihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- I-Grippferon - i-nasal yehla ukuvimbela umkhuhlane kanye ne-SARS, engahambisani nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Lesi sidakamizwa siqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi sinomphumela we-anti-virus.
- I-Viferon - amafutha okuphuza ekhaleni ngezenzo zokuzivikela nokuzivikela. Kunqunyelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane kanye nabantu abadala abane-immununity encane ngesikhathi sezifo zengculaza. Kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngisho naku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa.
- I-ascorbic acid - isetshenziselwa umthombo wokwakheka kwamavithamini C ngokungasebenzisi okwanele kwalesi sici ngokudla. Kuvimbela ukushisa nokulwa nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa ukungena emzimbeni.
- I-Aquamaris imithi yemvelo ngendlela ye-spray eyenza i-mucosa ye-nasal, iphinde inciphise amathuba okuba igciwane lingena emgodini wezintambo.
Uma ukuvimbela kungakusizanga, futhi umkhuhlane usawohloka umzimba, owesifazane okhulelwe akukaze azinikeze imithi futhi athathe izidakamizwa hhayi ngenhloso yocwaningo. Ungakwazi njalo ukubiza udokotela emsebenzini, ozobeka imithi ephephile emzimbeni womama ozayo nomntanakhe.
Uma kwenzeka isifo somkhuhlane, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele ngokushesha axoxe nodokotela
Amakhambi omphakathi wokuvimbela i-SARS nemibhobho
Kukhona izixazululo eziningi zabantu ezivikela ngomzimba ngokumelene nomkhuhlane, i-ARVI kanye nemikhuhlane, phakathi kwayo "imithi" efana negalikhi, ijusi le-aloe, isiphuzo se-rose hip, uju. I-garlic icebile kuma-phytoncides nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo, okuyinto ngesenzo sabo esingabhubhisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemfuluwenza. Lo mkhiqizo ungathathwa ngaphakathi noma ubekwe ekamelweni, uthathe izicucu ezincane futhi usakaze emaflethini ezindaweni ezahlukene. Enye yezinto zokupheka ezivame kakhulu ukulwa nomkhuhlane yilona isicelo segalikhi kanye noju. Ukwenza lokhu, kufanele ugayiwe futhi uhlanganiswe noju ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Le nhlanganisela kufanele isetshenziswe isipuni esisodwa ngaphambi kokulala, ihlanzwe ngamanzi abilayo.
Uju lungasetshenziswa ekuvimbeleni i-influenza nangendlela yayo ehlanzekile, ngoba liyisithunywa esinamandla sokuzivikela. Enye yezimfihlo zomthelela wokwelapha walomkhiqizo usetshenziswa ngendlela. Iqiniso liwukuthi uju ulahlekelwa izakhiwo zalo eziwusizo ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuba wengeze itiye elishisayo noma ubisi. Phuza kusuka ku-hip rose ukuvumela ukuba usebenze izivikelo zomzimba. Lungiselela i-decoction enjalo elula ngokwanele. Kubalulekile ukuchoboza izinyathelo zenja rose bese uthela ngamanzi ashisayo. Khona-ke ingxube ifakwe emlilweni futhi iphekwe imizuzu engu-10-15, emva kwalokho umhluzi uhlala amahora angu-10. Leli thuluzi linconywa ukuthi liphuze ngesikhathi sofuba lomkhuhlane kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni - izingane, abadala kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukuvuselela igciwane, i-aloe juice inhle kakhulu. Ukuze uthole inzuzo enkulu, kufanele usike amaqabunga aphansi esitshalo somuntu omdala bese uwafaka esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-5. Ngemuva kokuguga okunjalo, ungakwazi ukukhipha ijusi emaqabunga. Ukuqeqeshwa okunjalo kusiza ekuqoqweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezihlukile, umyalo wokuphakama othuthukisa umphumela wokuphulukisa. Imithi yabantu abanjalo yokuvimbela izifo eziphefumula nokuphefumula kungabapheka wonke umuntu. Imizamo eqondile nezindleko zezimali abadinga, kodwa izinzuzo zale mikhiqizo zibaluleke kakhulu, okuqinisekiswa odokotela abaningi.
Ukuvimbela umkhuhlane ngokusiza kwamakhambi omuntu kuyindlela engabizi futhi ephumelelayo yokulwa nesifo
Ukuvimbela umkhuhlane 2016-2017 ezinganeni ku-DOW: ulwazi lwabazali
Wonke umuntu omdala kufanele azi ukuthi angamvikela kanjani ingane yakho emkhuhlane. Njengoba igciwane lingakwazi ukulondoloza amandla alo okubhebhethekisa amahora angu-9, ngesikhathi sobhubhane kubalulekile ukufeza izinyathelo zokuzivikela ikakhulukazi ngokucophelela. Lapho i-DOW ivakashelwa njalo, ukuvimbela umkhuhlane kubantwana kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabahlengikazi beziko kanye nabazali. Phakathi nalesi sifo, kufanele:
- hlanganisa ukutadisha nokuphumula, ungasebenzi ngokweqile;
- ukondliwe ngokugcwele;
- isikhathi esanele sokuchitha emoyeni ovulekile ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabantu abadala;
- yenza ukuzivocavoca ekuseni, ukuzivocavoca;
- Kuhle ukugeza izandla ngaphambi kokudla;
- gwema ukuvakashela izindawo ezinabantu abaningi;
- gqoka bese ugeza impumulo yakho izikhathi 2-3 ngosuku.
Isilinganiso esiwusizo kakhulu sokulwa nokutheleleka ukugoma. Ukuze kuvikelwe umkhuhlane ku-DOU, ukugoma kuvame ukunikezwa izingane ekuqaleni kwekwindla ngaphambi kwenkathi yemfuluwenza elindelekile. Abazali akufanele bakhathazeke ngemiphumela emibi, ngoba umuthi wokugoma wesizukulwane omusha uvunyelwe ukufaka izicelo kokubili abadala nabantwana. Imishanguzo enjalo iye yafakazela ukuphumelela nokubekezeleleka okukhulu. Ukunakekela impilo yengane yakho, abantu abadala akufanele bazikhohlwe ngokwabo. Uma omunye wabagulayo, cishe, ukutheleleka ngegciwane kuyothinta umzimba wezingane. Ukuvimbela umkhuhlane we-2016-2017 akuhlinzeki nganoma yiziphi izinyathelo eziyingqayizivele, kwanele ukusekela ukuvikeleka kwawo wonke amalungu omndeni ngosizo lokuhlanzeka okudingekayo, imithi yendabuko kanye namakhambi abantu. Ukucophelela ngokucophelela ukunakekela impilo yakho kuyadingeka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe okufanele balandele ngokuqinile izincomo zikadokotela wabo. Kulesi simo, amathuba okuthola igciwane eliyingozi azoba ephansi ngokwanele.
Ividiyo: indlela yokuvikela izingane kanye nabantu abadala kusukela kumkhuhlane